Matenda a shuga ndi matenda otengedwa kapena obadwa nawo, omwe amawonekera ndi kuwonjezeka kwa shuga wamagazi, omwe amayamba chifukwa chosowa insulin mthupi. Pafupifupi munthu aliyense wachinayi amene akudwala matendawa poyamba samazindikira kuti akudwala.
Kuchepetsa thupi mwadzidzidzi kumatha kukhala chimodzi mwazizindikiro za matenda oopsawa. Tiyeni tiyese kudziwa chifukwa chake odwala matenda a shuga amachepetsa thupi, komanso zoyenera kuchita pankhaniyi.
Zoyambitsa matenda ashuga
Zomwe matenda a shuga amawonekera kumapeto sizikudziwika. Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa izi ndi:
- Kunenepa kwambiri;
- Khalidweli
- Zakudya zopanda pake;
- Ubwino wazogulitsa;
- Matenda ndi ma virus (pancreatitis, chimfine)
- Zovuta;
- M'badwo.
Zizindikiro
Milandu yapamwamba ya matendawa imatha kubweretsa kulephera kwa impso, kugunda kwa mtima, khungu, komanso kudwala matenda ashuga omwe amafunika kuchipatala msanga.
Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kufunsa dokotala munthawi yake ngati muli ndi zotsatirazi.
- Udzu wokhazikika;
- Kutopa kwambiri
- Kuyabwa ndi mabala amthawi yayitali;
- Kukoka pafupipafupi;
- Masomphenya osaneneka;
- Njala yokhazikika;
- Kugwedezeka kapena kugontha mikono ndi miyendo;
- Kuchepetsa thupi mwadzidzidzi;
- Kuwonongeka kwa kukumbukira;
- Kununkhira kwa acetone mkamwa.
Chifukwa chiyani matenda a shuga amachepa
Kuchepetsa thupi mwachangu kumabweretsa kutsika kwa thupi, kapena cachexia, motero ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa chifukwa chomwe anthu amachepera thupi ndi matenda ashuga.
Pakudya, zakudya zimalowa m'matumbo am'mimba, kenako kulowa m'magazi. Zikondazo zimatulutsa insulin ya mahomoni, yomwe imawathandiza kuyamwa. Ngati vuto lakhazikika m'thupi, insulin imapangidwa pang'ono, michere yambiri imasungidwa m'magazi, ndikupangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga. Izi zimabweretsa kuchepa thupi pazotsatirazi.
Thupi limaleka kuzindikira maselo omwe ali ndi vuto lopanga insulin. Pali shuga wambiri m'thupi, koma samatha kuyamwa ndipo umatulutsidwa mkodzo. Izi ndizofanana ndi matenda amtundu 1 shuga. Wodwala amakhala ndi nkhawa, amakhala wokhumudwa, amakhala ndi njala nthawi zonse, akuzunzidwa ndi mutu.
Chifukwa china chomwe odwala matenda ashuga amachepera thupi ndi chifukwa chosapanga insulin yokwanira, chifukwa chomwe thupi silimadya glucose, m'malo mwake, minofu yamafuta ndi minofu imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero lamphamvu lomwe limabwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'maselo. Chifukwa chakuwotcha kwamafuta, thupi limatsika kwambiri. Kuchepetsa thupi ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga a 2.
Kuopsa kwa kuwonda msanga
Kuchepetsa thupi mwachangu sikuwopsa komanso kunenepa kwambiri. Wodwala amatha kutopa (cachexia), zovuta zake zomwe zingakhale:
- Kuzungulira kwathunthu kapena pang'ono kwa minofu ya miyendo;
- Mafuta a minofu dystrophy;
- Ketoacidosis ndikuphwanya mankhwala a carbohydrate metabolism, omwe angayambitse kuperewera kwa matenda ashuga.
Zoyenera kuchita
Choyambirira kuchita ndikuonana ndi dokotala. Ngati kuchepa thupi kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi chikhalidwe cha wodwalayo, ndiye kuti akapatsidwa mankhwala ozindikira, othandizira kuponderezana ndi zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zambiri.
Nthawi zina, wodwalayo amasamutsidwa mwachangu ku zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri ndipo amaphatikiza muzakudya zomwe zimakulitsa kupanga insulin (adyo, Brussels zikumera, mafuta a linse, mkaka wa mbuzi).
Chakudya chizikhala ndi 60% chakudya, mafuta 25% ndi mapuloteni 15% (amayi oyembekezera mpaka 20-25%). Chidwi chachikulu chimaperekedwa kwa chakudya chamafuta. Iyenera kugawidwa moyenerera pazakudya zonse tsiku lonse. Zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri zimadyedwa m'mawa komanso pachakudya chamasana. Chakudya chamadzulo chimayenera kukhala pafupifupi 10% ya zakudya za kalori tsiku lililonse.
Momwe mungalemere kulemera kwa shuga 1
Kuti muchepetse kunenepa, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti kudya zopatsa mphamvu pafupipafupi m'thupi. Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kugawidwa magawo 6. Zakudya zodziwika bwino (kadzutsa, nkhomaliro, chakudya chamadzulo ndi chakudya chamadzulo), zomwe zimaphatikizapo 85-90% ya zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku zopatsa mphamvu, ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi zodyera ziwiri, zomwe zimaphatikizapo 10-15% ya zakudya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku lililonse.
Pazakudya zowonjezera, ma walnuts, nthanga za maungu, ma amondi kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta a monounsaturated ndizoyenera.
Izi ndi monga zotsatirazi:
- Ma supu obiriwira masamba;
- Mkaka wa mbuzi;
- Mafuta opaka;
- Mowa wowonda;
- Cinnamon
- Masamba obiriwira;
- Nsomba yamafuta ochepa;
- Rye mkate (osapitirira 200 g patsiku).
Thanzi liyenera kukhala loyenera, ndikofunikira kuwunika kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya.
Momwe mungalemere kulemera kwa matenda ashuga a 2
Kuti muwonjezere kulemera kwa matenda a shuga a 2, chidwi chachikulu chimaperekedwanso ku zakudya. Ndi matenda amtunduwu, muyenera kuyang'anira kudya kwamphamvu m'thupi, kusankha zakudya zokhala ndi index ya glycemic yotsika. Zotsika ndizakuti, shuga wocheperako amabwera ndi chakudya ndipo wotsikirapo ndiye amene azikhala shuga.
Zakudya zambiri zotsika kwambiri za glycemic:
- Kabichi
- Nkhaka
- Zambiri;
- Maapulo
- Tsabola;
- Asparagus
- Mkaka wocheperako;
- Walnuts;
- Ziphuphu;
- Perlovka;
- Yogurt yamafuta ochepa yopanda shuga ndi zina zowonjezera.
Zogulitsa Matenda A shuga
Ngati mukufuna kulemera mwachangu, tisaiwale kuti pali mndandanda wonse wazinthu zomwe odwala matenda ashuga sayenera kudya, odwala ambiri ali ndi tebulo lomwe lili ndi mndandanda wazinthu zovulaza komanso zothandiza.
| Dzina la Zogulitsa | Chalangizidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito | Chepetsani kapena musachotsere chakudyacho |
| Nsomba ndi nyama | Nsomba yamafuta ochepa, nkhuku zotsamira (bere), nyama yamafuta ochepa (venal, kalulu) | Soseji, masoseji, masoseji, nyama, nsomba zam'madzi ndi nyama |
| Zophika mkate ndi confectionery | Mkate wopaka ndi chinangwa ndi rye siwotsekemera | Mkate oyera, masikono, makeke, makeke, makeke |
| Maswiti | Mafuta onunkhira zipatso | Maswiti a ayisikilimu |
| Zinthu zamkaka | Kefir wopanda mafuta, mkaka wowotchera, mkaka, tchizi chaumoyo, suluguni wopanda mchere | Margarine, batala, yogurts ndi shuga ndi kupanikizana, tchizi mafuta |
| Zatsopano, zophika kapena zophika masamba | Kabichi, broccoli, zukini, biringanya, kaloti, phwetekere, beets, masamba onse okhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic | Mbatata, masamba omwe ali ndi wowuma kwambiri |
| Supu | Supu wophika masamba, borsch wopanda nyama, msuzi wa kabichi | Msuzi pamafuta amafuta msuzi, hodgepodge |
| Mbale | Buckwheat, oat, mapira, barele wa ngale | Mpunga oyera, semolina |
| Msuzi | Mpiru, Thumba la phwetekere lachilengedwe | Ketchup, mayonesi |
| Zipatso | Osatinso zipatso zokoma kwambiri ndi zipatso zokhala ndi index yotsika ya glycemic | Mphesa, nthochi |
Yang'anani! Palibe chifukwa chake odwala matenda ashuga amadya mwachangu. Iwalani za pasties, burger, agalu otentha, mafuta ophika ku French ndi zakudya zina zopanda thanzi. Amayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri, komwe pakapita nthawi imayamba kukhala shuga yachiwiri.
Ndikofunikira kupatula mowa pakudya. Amachepetsa thupi, ndikuchotsa madzi ndi michere, zomwe sizikwanira.
Ndi kutha kwa kuchepa thupi komanso kukwaniritsa zofunika zake, ndikofunikira kuti pang'onopang'ono muchepetse zakudya zamafuta.
Njira yakumwa
Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi akumwa okwanira ndikofunikira kwa munthu aliyense wathanzi, komanso kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, makamaka omwe amachepetsa thupi, ndizofunikira. Malita osachepera 2 amadzi ayenera kumwa. Ma compotes, supu, tiyi, ndi mbale zina zamadzimadzi siziphatikizidwe mu kuchuluka uku.
Zakudya zokwanira zamadzi ndizofunikira pazifukwa zotsatirazi:
- Chifukwa chokoka pafupipafupi, thupi limataya madzi ambiri, omwe amapatsidwanso nthawi zonse.
- Madzi akumwa okwanira amadzutsa kapamba.
- Madzi ochepa ali ndi potaziyamu, magnesium ndi sodium, zomwe zimapangitsa kupanga insulini.
- Kumwa madzi okwanira kumathandizira njira za metabolic, kuthandiza kagayidwe kazakudwala.
Masewera
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikofunikira ngakhale kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto loonda. Nthawi yamasewera, njira za metabolic zimathandizira, metabolism imayamba bwino, chilakolako cha thupi chimakhala bwino. Mphamvu imachulukitsa minofu, yomwe imathandizira kubwezeretsa kunenepa.
Chidule
Popeza tazindikira chifukwa chake akuchepetsa thupi ndi matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 komanso matenda a shuga 1, titha kunena kuti zikafika zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa, kuphatikizapo kuchepa thupi mwadzidzidzi, timafunikira thandizo kwa katswiri.
Ngakhale anthu ambiri amafa chifukwa cha matenda oyipa ndi zovuta zake padziko lapansi chaka chilichonse, zitha kuchitika ndipo zimayenera kumenyedwa. Ndi chithandizo choyenera komanso zakudya zosankhidwa bwino, odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi thanzi labwino, amakhala ndi moyo wabwino, amagwira ntchito komanso kusewera masewera.
