Pali mankhwala ambiri omwe amapangidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mtundu wa carbohydrate ukhale m'magazi. Fomu kapena Metformin, ndibwino komanso lothandiza kwambiri? Wodwala matenda ashuga akhoza kuyang'aniridwa ndi kusankha komwe angagule ndikugula ndi kusiyana kwake.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mapiritsi omwe amapangidwa ndi Forom ndi Metformin ali m'gulu la mankhwala a Biguanide. Komanso, mukamayang'anira mawonekedwe a mankhwalawo, mutha kuwona kuti chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimagwira ndicho chimodzimodzi.
Kodi ndibwino kuti mutenge formetin, metformin kapena mwina siofor? Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mankhwalawa?
Kodi zikuwonetsa chiyani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira?
Metformin yogwira yogwira imaphatikizidwa ngati gawo m'mankhwala ambiri ochepetsa shuga. Ndi gawo lothandizika kuchokera ku gulu la Biguanides a m'badwo wachitatu ndipo limathandizira kuchepetsa milingo yamagazi.
Pulogalamu ya antidiabetesic imalepheretsa njira ya gluconeogenesis, kayendedwe ka elekitiroma mu kupuma kwamatcheni a metachondria. Njira za glycolysis zimakonzedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwonetsero champhamvu cha glucose chikhale ndi zotumphukira ndi maselo; Kuphatikiza apo, metformin imachepetsa kuyamwa kwake kudzera khoma lamatumbo kuchokera ku lumen ya m'mimba.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino za gawo lomwe limagwira ndi chakuti sizimayambitsa kugwa kwamphamvu pama protein m'magazi. Izi zimatheka chifukwa chodziwika kuti metformin satha kulimbikitsa kupanga kwa insulin ya cell m'maselo a pancreatic beta.
Zizindikiro zazikulu pakugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala motengera metformin ndi:
- Kukhalapo kwa metabolic syndrome kapena mawonekedwe a insulin kukana.
- Monga lamulo, pamaso pa insulin kukana odwala matenda ashuga, kunenepa kwambiri kumayamba. Chifukwa cha zovuta za metformin komanso zakudya zapadera zamagulu ena, ndizotheka kukwaniritsa kuchepa pang'onopang'ono.
- Ngati pali kuphwanya kwa kulolerana kwa shuga.
- Zikachitika kuti ovarian cleopolycystosis amakula.
- Pamaso pa shuga mellitus wa mawonekedwe odziimira payekha - monga monotherapy kapena gawo limodzi la chithandizo chokwanira.
- Ngati wodwala ali ndi matenda ashuga, mawonekedwe omwe amadalira insulin limodzi ndi jakisoni wa insulin.
Ngati tiyerekeza mapangidwe a piritsi malinga ndi metformin ndi mankhwala ena ochepetsa shuga, ndiye kuti zazikulu zazikulu za metformin ziyenera kufotokozeredwa:
- Zake pakuchepetsa kukana kwa insulin wodwala, metformin hydrochloride imatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa maselo ndi minyewa yake ku glucose opangidwa ndi pancreasꓼ
- kumwa mankhwala limodzi ndi mayamwidwe ndi m'mimba, motero, kuchedwa kuyamwa kwa shuga ndi matumbo kumachitika is
- amathandizira kuletsa chiwindi gluconeogenesis, otchedwa glucose complication processꓼ
- Amathandizira kuchepetsa kulakalaka, komwe ndikofunikira makamaka kwa odwala matenda ashuga kwambiri
- imakhala ndi phindu pa cholesterol, kutsika koyipa ndikuwonjeza zabwino.
Kuphatikiza apo, mwayi wa Metformin ndikuthekera kwake kopetsa bioprocesses ya mafuta peroxidation.
Metformin - mitundu, kapangidwe ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito
Mpaka pano, mutha kupeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapiritsi metformin. Kusiyana pakati pawo kungakhale muyezo wa mankhwalawa, kampani yopanga ndi mawonekedwe akumasulidwa (mapiritsi kapena mapiritsi). Kutengera wopanga ndi mlingo womwe waperekedwa ndi mankhwalawo, mtengo wa mankhwalawa umasinthanso.
Metformin Teva ndi mankhwala ochepetsa shuga omwe amapangidwa ngati mapiritsi. Kutengera ndi zomwe dokotala wakupatsani, mutha kugula mankhwalawa pazotsatira zotsatirazi - 0,5, 0,85 ndi gramu imodzi. Kuphatikiza apo, pali mapiritsi a Metfrmin Teva MV omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwa 500 ndi 750 mg kukhudzana kwanthawi yayitali. Metformin Teva ndi chinthu chakunja chopangidwa ndi kampani yopanga mankhwala ku Israeli.
Metformin Canon ndi chida chachipatala chomwe chimakhazikitsidwa pamsika wa pharmacology wa imodzi mwa makampani aku Russia. Mankhwala a hypoglycemic amatha kupangidwa mu milingo ya 0,5, 0,85 ndi 1 gramu ya mankhwala osakaniza a metformin hydrochloride. Fomu yotulutsidwa imawonetsedwa ngati mawonekedwe a makapisozi.
Metformin Canon amathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu am'magazi m'magazi a chiwindi, amachepetsa kuyamwa kwa matumbo m'matumbo ndikufulumizitsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa shuga ndi zotumphukira zama cell mwa kukonza insulin. Mankhwala sangathe kuyambitsa kukula kwa chikhalidwe cha hypoglycemia, zotsatira zabwino zamafuta kagayidwe. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa triglycerides ndi cholesterol yoyipa m'thupi la wodwalayo, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa kulemera kwambiri kwa thupi.
Metformin Richter ndi woimira wina m'gulu lino la mankhwalawa. Ikhoza kugulidwa pamankhwala ofanana omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa. Wopanga ndiye bungwe la Russia-Hungary a George Richter. Mankhwala amathandizidwa kuti odwala achepetse kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu m'magazi, komanso ngati zizindikiro za kunenepa kwambiri zapezeka. Mankhwalawa mosamala kwambiri ayenera kumwedwa ndi odwala atatha zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi ndi zisanu.
Kampani ya Slovak Pharmacological imapatsa ogula mankhwala ochepetsa shuga a Metformin Zentiva. Mankhwalawa amawonetsa kwambiri hypoglycemic effect, amathandizira kuchepetsa kukana kwa insulin, komanso amakhudza bwino njira ya metabolic m'maselo a thupi.
Kodi mfundo yamitengo ya mankhwalawa imati chiyani? M'misika yamzindawu mutha kugula mankhwala omwe ali pamwambawa pamitengo zotsatirazi:
- Teformin ya Metformin - kuchokera ku ma ruble a 77 mpaka 280, kutengera mlingo wa mapiritsi.
- Metformin Canon - mtengo wake umasiyana kuchokera pa 89 mpaka 130 ma ruble.
- Metformin Zentiva - kuchokera ku 118 mpaka 200 ma ruble.
- Metfirmin Richter - kuchokera ma ruble a 180 mpaka 235.
Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pamtengo wa mankhwala omwewo m'gawo la Russian Federation ndi chifukwa cha dera lomwe mankhwalawo amagulitsidwa.
Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zingachitike?
Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kwa Metformin kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta zambiri zomwe zingakulitse thanzi la wodwala yemwe akudwala matenda ashuga.
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwala kuyenera kuchitidwa kokha ndi adokotala, poganizira mawonekedwe onse a thupi la wodwalayo, kuopsa kwa kupitirira kwa matenda a zam'thupi ndi zovuta zina.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa akuwonetsa kuthekera kwa kuwoneka kwa zovuta zina mwa wodwala.
Zotsatira zoyipa zoyipa za mankhwalawa ndi izi:
- kukula kwa mavuto ndi ziwalo zam'mimba, kudzimbidwa, komwe kumatha kutsagana ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya, kupweteka m'mimba kapena m'mimba;
- chakudya chosasangalatsa chachitsulo pakamwa chitha kuwonekera mutatha kudya;
- kusanza ndi kusanza
- kusowa kwamagulu ena a mavitamini, makamaka B12, ndichifukwa chake akulimbikitsidwa kuti mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala osakanikirana yomwe imatha kusintha magawo onse a zinthu zofunika mthupi;
- kukula kwa thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu za piritsi;
- kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi pazomwe zikuwonetsa;
- mawonetseredwe a lactic acidosis;
- megaloblastic anemia.
Metformin ndi yoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito pamaso pa chinthu chimodzi kapena zingapo:
- Metabolic acidosis mu mitundu kapena pachimake.
- mkhalidwe wa glycemic coma kapena kholo.
- Ndi mavuto akulu pantchito ya impso.
- Chifukwa chakutha kwamadzi.
- Matenda akuluakulu opatsirana akaonekera kapena pambuyo pawo.
- Kulephera kwa mtima kapena kulowerera kwamtima.
- Mavuto ndi magwiridwe antchito amlengalenga.
- Uchidakwa wambiri
Kuphatikiza apo, ndizoletsedwa kumwa mankhwalawa mutangoyamba kumene kuchita opareshoni (osachepera masiku awiri musanachite opareshoni ndipo patatha masiku awiri atadutsa).
Mankhwala ndi Foromu
Mankhwala Forethine ndi amodzi mwa oimira gulu la Biguanide. Ichi ndi hypoglycemic, chophatikiza chachikulu chomwe ndi metphromine hydrochloride.
Forometine imakonda kutumikiridwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 2, makamaka ngati matendawa amapezeka ndi kunenepa kwam'mimba.
Mankhwalawa amathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, amachepetsa kutulutsa shuga ndi chiwindi, komanso amachepetsa kuyamwa kwake ndi ziwalo zam'mimba. Kuphatikiza apo, kukonza kwa piritsi kumakhudza bwino kusalolera kwa chiwonetsero cha insulin, kukulitsa chidwi cha maselo ndi minofu.
Kulandila kwa Formetin ndikotheka kokha malinga ndi zomwe dokotala wakupatsani. Kulephera kutsatira malangizo azachipatala kapena kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumatha kubweretsa kusintha kosiyanasiyana kwa ziwalo zamkati ndi machitidwe.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti zotsatira zoyipa za kutenga formetin zitha kukhala:
- kusanza ndi kusanza
- kupweteka pamimba;
- kuchuluka kwaulemu;
- kuoneka kosangalatsa kosangalatsa kwamtsulo wamkati;
- dermatitis a pakhungu.
Zotsatira zoyipa monga lactic acidosis kapena kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi mwa matenda a shuga sizipezeka kawirikawiri.
Pakachitika vuto limodzi kapena zingapo zoyipa, mankhwalawo amwe amayenera kusinthidwa.
Ndi piritsi iti yomwe imagwira ntchito kwambiri?
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa Metformin ndi Formmetin? Kodi mankhwala amodzi ndi osiyana ndi ena?
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, chinthu chomwe ndi Metformin hydrochloride chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chofunikira chachikulu pazida zamankhwala zotere. Chifukwa chake, zotsatira za kumwa mankhwalawa ziyenera kukhala zofanana (mukamagwiritsa ntchito Mlingo womwewo).
Kusiyanako kungakhale mu zigawo zowonjezera, zomwe zimakhalanso gawo la mapiritsi. Izi ndi zokopa zosiyanasiyana. Mukamagula, muyenera kuyang'anira zomwe ali nazo - ocheperako kuchuluka kwa zowonjezera, ndizabwino. Kuphatikiza apo, dokotala yemwe akupezekapo angalimbikitse kumwa mankhwala ena ake, kutengera mtundu wa wodwalayo.
Posankha mankhwala, munthu amayeneranso kuganizira zinthu monga mtengo wa mankhwalawo. Nthawi zambiri, ma analogi achilendo amakhala ndi mtengo wokwirirapo kuposa mankhwala akwathu. Monga momwe mchitidwe umasonyezera, momwe amalandirira zilinso zosiyana. Mpaka pano, Forethine ndiye njira yoyambira kwambiri pakati pa zida zamankhwala zomwe zimakhala ndi metformin hydrochloride.
Ngati wodwala matenda ashuga akukayika kena kake ndipo sakudziwa ngati nkotheka kusintha mtundu wina ndi wina, muyenera kufunsa dokotala. Katswiri wazachipatala amatha kufotokozera za kusiyana pakati pa zida zingapo zachipatala, ndikufotokozanso chifukwa chake mankhwalawa ndi oyenera kwa munthu wina.
Zambiri pa Metformin ndi kutsitsa kwake kwapuma zimaperekedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
