MTUNDU WOYAMBA WA MATENDA A SHUGA A MELLITUS (MENYU TSIKU NDI TSIKU) NDI CHITHANDIZO

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Ngakhale nthenda yosavuta kwambiri yolumikizana ndi anthu imatha kukhala vuto lalikulu chifukwa cha zovuta. Chifukwa chake matenda a shuga mellitus, momwe wodwalayo amatha kukhazikika mpaka atakalamba kapena kumubweretsera munthu kutaya mtima kwakanthawi.

Muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti ngati mtundu 1 wa matenda a shuga, mankhwala ndi zakudya za insulin zikupezeka, zochitika zolimbitsa thupi zitha kupanga moyo komanso kukhala wopatsa chidwi. Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala ndikudziwa bwino za nkhaniyi, muziganizira zochitika zina.

Mdani amayenera kudziwa payekha

Mankhwala, matenda a shuga amakhalanso m'magulu awiri (1 ndi 2), omwe ali ndi dzina wamba, koma njira ya mapangidwe, kakulidwe ndi zovuta zomwe zimadza ndizosiyana.

Mtundu woyamba umatanthawuza kusintha kwamtundu kapena autoimmune pomwe mphamvu ya kapamba ikupanga insulin kuti isinthe ma carbohydrate kukhala glucose.

Glucose wolondola amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi maselo mphamvu ndi njira zonse mthupi. Ntchitoyi imatayika yonse kapena gawo limodzi. Munthu sangathe kuchita popanda ma jakisoni a jakisoni, omwe amatenga gawo lalikulu pama metabolic metabol.

Ngati matendawa apezeka, ndiye kuti choyambitsa kulephera chitha kukhala matenda opatsirana ndi kapamba. Chitetezo cha mthupi chimayesera kuteteza thupi, koma si virus yomwe imapha, koma ma cell a beta ofunikira, amatenga ngati owopsa. Zomwe zimachitika sizikudziwika.

Zochita za antibody zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwakutaya kwa beta cell. Ngati amalimbikira ngakhale ndi gawo lachitatu, wodwalayo ali ndi mwayi wochepetsa kuchuluka kwa insulini kuchokera kunja ndi njira yoyenera yamankhwala.

Type 1 shuga mellitus ndi owopsa chifukwa shuga ambiri amapangidwa m'magazi, omwe khungu silingagwiritse ntchito mwa mawonekedwe ake osakwanira. Thupi sililandira mphamvu, kulephera kumachitika m'moyo wonse zomwe zimatha kubweretsa zovuta kapena kufa.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kulephera kwa kagayidwe kazakudya kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya insulin m'maselo omwe amangovomereza shuga losandulika. Ntchito ya kapamba siyisokonezedwa poyambira, pokhapokha ngati wodwalayo akukulitsa vutolo ndi mkhalidwe wake wolakwika.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amtundu wa 1 amafunikira insulin, koma ngati mulingo wake siwolondola, mankhwalanso - chiwopsezo chowonjezera chimayambitsa glycemic coma (shuga yochepa), mlingo wosakwanira sungathe kusintha shuga.

Chifukwa chake, lembani 1 anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuphunzira momwe angawerengere molondola mankhwalawa ndikusunga shuga mkati mwa malire ovomerezeka kwa munthu wathanzi. Ndipo ngakhale zitakhala kuti miyeso yatengedwa, sipangakhale kulumpha. Kenako sipadzakhala chifukwa chokhalira ndi zovuta zazikulu, mndandanda womwe ndiwokulira mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga.

Kusiyana pakati pa mtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri ndikuti matendawa amapezeka mwa anthu adakali aang'ono, kuyambira pa kubadwa mpaka zaka 35. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuchiza odwala matenda ashuga ochepa omwe samvetsetsa chifukwa chomwe choletsa chimaletsedwa komanso chifukwa chake jakisoni wofunikira umafunikira. Thupi lomwe likukula limafunikira mphamvu zochulukirapo kuti magwiritsidwe ntchito kosalala a machitidwe onse.

Kupambana pankhondo yolimbana ndi matenda omwe amadalira insulini posunga kuchuluka kwa shuga mkati mwa malire omwe amawoneka kuti ndi abwinobwino kwa munthu wathanzi.

Chithandizo choyenera cha matenda a shuga 1

Odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti shuga imatha kuwongoleredwa komanso matendawa saloledwa kukhala olakwika. Mosasamala za zaka zomwe matendawa adapezeka kuti ali ndi matendawa, mfundo zake ndi zofanana kwa aliyense:

Yang'anani zomwe zikulowa mkamwa mwanu. Mvetsetsani mfundo zachakudya zoyenera ndikusankha kudya limodzi ndi endocrinologist kapena wathanzi, poganizira zovuta zilizonse zaumoyo.
Lembani zolemba zamtundu wazakudya, katundu, kuchuluka kwa digito pazida zoyezera, Mlingo wa insulin.
Nthawi zonse onaninso kuchuluka kwa glucose kangapo pa tsiku.
Khalani ndi moyo wokangalika ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Pezani katswiri yemwe ali ndi njira yoperekera mankhwala a shuga. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa mtundu wa mahomoni ndiosiyana ndipo mwina ungakhale wosayenera pankhani inayake.

Ngati kusankha kwa insulin ndi kuwerengera kwake pa nthawi yofunikira kukufunika kuyandikira payekhapayekha, ndiye kuti zakudya zochizira matenda amtundu wa 1 zimangodalira msinkhu wa wodwalayo (mwana kapena wamkulu), pakusalolera payekha pazinthu ndi ndalama.

Pazonse, mfundo za zakudya ndizofanana - cholinga chake ndi kusungabe kuchuluka kwa shuga mkati mwa mtundu wabwinobwino wamunthu wathanzi.

Muyenera kuphunzira momwe zinthu zingapangidwire, lembani mndandanda wazomwe zaloledwa kukhala ndi matenda ashuga. Ndikofunika kuyang'anira muyeso wa chakudya, chifukwa ngakhale zakudya zopatsa thanzi zowonjezera zimabweretsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya m'mimba. Gawo lililonse liyenera kulemedwa ndi kuwerengera kalori. Muyenera kugula masikelo amagetsi omwe amayesa kulemera kwazogulitsa m'magalamu.

Kusankha chakudya chamagulu 1 a shuga

Akatswiri a matenda ashuga nthawi zonse amalimbikitsa odwala kuti asinthane ndi zakudya zapadera, zomwe zimawoneka ngati maziko othandizira matenda okoma. Popeza vutoli limakhudzana ndi zakudya, muyenera kusiyiratu zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi a m'magazi atukuke kwambiri.

Ngati kapamba adatulutsa insulini m'mavoliyumu ofunikira kuti asinthe mafuta onse, ndiye kuti palibe mavuto akulu. Koma cholumikizachi mu metabolism ya carbohydrate chimasokonekera ndipo sizingatheke kukonza shuga mopanda muyeso wowopsa wa timadzi timene timabayidwa.

Si odwala onse omwe amatha kuwerengera bwino insulin kapena yayitali kuti ailowetse komanso kuchuluka kwake. Ngati kapamba mwachilengedwe, njirayi imagwira ntchito ngati wotchi ndipo imangopereka gawo loyenerera, ndiye kuti munthu akhoza kulakwitsa powerengera ndi kubaya madzi ambiri kapena ocheperako.

Pali njira imodzi yokhayo - kuphunzira momwe mungasankhire zakudya zomwe sizimapatula kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'zakudya, ndikupanga mndandanda wazaka, mutapatsidwa phindu la mbale makamaka kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kusankha pakati pa zakudya ziwiri:

Kusamala - endocrinologists adalembedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, poganiza kuti ndikofunikira kupatula mafuta osavuta (othamanga) pazakudya ndikungoganiza zopatsa zovuta, ndikuziphatikiza ndi mapuloteni komanso mafuta. Zakudya zomanga thupi zovuta zimapereka shuga wofunikira, koma osatembenuza mwachangu, makoma am'mimba amatenga zinthu pang'onopang'ono, popanda kupanga kumverera kwa njala mwa munthu motalikirapo kuposa chakudya chambiri.
Low-carb - kutengera kupatula pazinthu zonse (zomanga thupi) zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga kapena zotsekemera. Kutsindika ndi mapuloteni ndi mafuta. Chinsinsi cha zakudya ndikuti mafuta ochepa omwe amalowa m'mimba, insulin yocheperako imafunikira kuti isinthe. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa jakisoni wa insulin kangapo.

Pali lingaliro - ngati si maselo onse a beta omwe adamwalira mu kapamba, ndimatenda oyenera, zimatha kusinthira kokha ku insulin yanu, ndikuchotsa kwathunthu kudalira jakisoni. Zakudya zamafuta zoyenera pang'ono osachulukitsa shuga, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mahomoni achilengedwe ndi okwanira kuti asinthe kukhala mphamvu.

Zakudya zonse ziwiri zimapangidwira kuchiza matenda amtundu wa 2 komanso mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga, koma mfundo zake ndizosiyana.
Ngati maphikidwe oyenera amathandizira kuti zakudya zizikhala zosiyanasiyana komanso zosangalatsa, ndiye kuti carb yotsika imachotsa kuyesayesa kwanu kudya zina zotsekemera, kuchokera pazogulitsa zosiyanasiyana za anthu odwala matenda ashuga.

Amakhulupirira kuti zinthu zonse zapadera zimasinthira lingaliro, koma osapatula shuga owopsa pakuphatikizika. Kuti mumvetsetse kusiyana pakati pa zakudya ndi kusankha zomwe muyenera kusankha, muyenera kuphunzira mfundo za chilichonse.

Zakudya zoyenera za shuga

Zakudya zoyenera zamagulu a shuga zimatchulidwanso 9 tebulo. Zakudya zina zimaphatikizidwa popanda kugwiritsa ntchito kuti odwala matenda ashuga sangapindule, koma zimangowonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Zakudya zoletsedwa zimagawidwa ngati michere yambiri ya glycemic, yomwe imasandulika kukhala shuga ndikuwonetsa thupi kwakanthawi kochepa. Kumva njala kumabwera mwachangu ndipo bongo limafunikira gawo lina la chakudya, ngakhale kuti glucose samatengedwa ndi maselo.

Atatha kuphunzira momwe zinthu zingagulitsidwe, akatswiri a zakudya, limodzi ndi endocrinologists, adalemba mndandanda wazinthu zoletsedwa zamtundu woyamba wa diabetes. Izi sizipindulitsa pachithandizo cha matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri.

Tebulo la matenda ashuga No. 9 likuwonetsa kuti zakudya zotsatirazi siziyenera kulekedwera kuchokera kuzakudya za wodwalayo:

Maswiti aliwonse opanga mafakitale - chokoleti, maswiti, ayisikilimu, kupanikizana, shuga.
Zinthu zophika buledi zopangidwa ndi ufa wa tirigu, ma muffins, mitundu, makeke, makeke amphaka ndi zina zambiri. Zogulitsazi zimakhala ndi zosakaniza zingapo, kuwonjezera pa ufa pali zotsekemera, mafuta, zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana.
Zakudya zokhala wowuma kwambiri ndizoletsedwa, koma osati okhwima. Chovomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito mbatata, nyemba zosakwana magalamu 100 patsiku, koma osati tsiku lililonse.
Sopo sayenera kuphika mu mafuta msuzi. Zakudya zophika masamba zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu yochepa yamafuta ndi nsomba ndi kuwonjezera kwa mitundu ina ya chimanga ndizololedwa.
Katundu wamkaka wamafuta kwambiri sayenera kuphatikizidwa kuchokera kumenyu ya odwala matenda ashuga.
Zakudya zilizonse, zakumwa za shuga zochokera ku kaboni, zakumwa za zipatso za mafakitale sizikhala kunja kwa zakudya za odwala matenda ashuga kosatha. Shuga wambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera, yomwe imapha thupi la munthu wathanzi.
Zipatso zokhala ndi shuga zachilengedwe zimayesedwa ngati chakudya chokhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic (nthochi, pichesi, mphesa).
Simungagwiritse ntchito zopopera, zamchere, ngakhale zopanga zawo. Kuti zinthuzo zisawonongeke, shuga, mchere, viniga zimafunika, zomwe zimaphatikizidwa kwa onse odwala matenda ashuga.
Soseji, zakudya zamzitini sizisungidwa popanda shuga wowonjezera. Chifukwa chake, mu zakudya zamtundu wa 1 wodwala matenda ashuga, sayenera kuphatikizidwa. Masoseji anu omwe amapanga ndi ovomerezeka pomwe chinsinsi chikadziwika ndikukonzedwa.

Mndandanda wazakudya zololedwa za matenda amtundu woyamba ndi wolemera kwambiri ndipo simuyenera kuopa kuti wodwalayo amalandidwa chisangalalo chonse kudya. Mukungofunika kuphunzira mndandandandawu ndikupanga menyu yosinthira sabata.

Mndandanda wazakudya zamasiku asanu ndi awiri

Mukamalemba mndandanda wazakudya za matenda ashuga monga menyu No. 9, ndikofunikira kuganizira za kulemera kwa wodwalayo. Ndi kunenepa kwambiri, kudya kalori tsiku lililonse sikuyenera kupitirira 1400 kcal.

Pamafunika kulemera kwambiri, mphamvu yake imatha kukhala yapamwamba. Izi zimakambidwa bwino ndi endocrinologist. Zakudya zonse ziyenera kugawidwa m'magulu 6 - zofunikira 3 komanso zazing'ono. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya nthawi yomweyo, koma izi sizotsutsana ngati odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zina amapatuka pandandanda.

Gawo la Chakudya / Tsiku la Sabata	Mon	Cha	Wed	Th	Fri	Sat	Dzuwa
Chakudya cham'mawa	Yophika buckwheat 150 pamadzi, tchizi cholimba 50 g, buledi wonse wa tirigu 20 g, tiyi wopanda zitsamba	Mkaka Hercules 170 g, dzira 1 yophika, mkate 20 g, tiyi wopanda mafuta	Mafuta ochokera ku mazira awiri, 50 g ya nkhuku yophika, nkhaka yatsopano, 20 g wa mkate, tiyi wopanda mafuta	Waulesi kabichi masikono a nyama yamwana wamkati 200 g, mkate, msuzi wamtengo wapatali wamtchire wamtchire.	Cottage tchizi 5% 200 g wopanda shuga ndi zipatso zatsopano, 1 chikho cha kefir	Mapira pamadzi 150 g, nyama yamunthuyo 50 g, khofi wopanda mkaka ndi mkaka	Mpunga phala 170 g, saladi wa masamba ndi mafuta a masamba 20 g mkate, khofi wosafotokozedwa ndi mkaka.
Chakudya cham'mawa chachiwiri	Chipatso chilichonse chomwe chaloledwa, madzi	200 g yophika mkaka wophika	200 g ya masamba saladi ndi mandimu.	150 g ya saladi wa zipatso ndi yogurt yopanda mafuta.	200 g kanyumba tchizi casserole, madzi	20 g mkate, 50 g wa tchizi wolimba, tiyi wopanda mafuta.	Wophika mkate, tiyi.
Chakudya chamadzulo	Msuzi ndi msuzi wa masamba 200 g, nyama yankhumba yamakoma 4 ma PC., Chidutswa cha mphodza zamasamba ndi nyama 150 g, zipatso zowuma.	Msuzi pamatumbo a nsomba ndi mbatata, kabichi yophika (kolifulawa kapena broccoli), 100 g nsomba zophika, tiyi.	Borsch pa nyama msuzi 200 g (m'malo mbatata ndi zukini), yophika buckwheat 100 g, steamed nyama patty, zipatso compote.	Msuzi wa nkhuku wopanda Zakudya 200 g, masamba stew 100 g, tiyi wazitsamba	Zakudya zam'madzi zam'madzi (malo omwera chisanu) 200 g, pilaf wokhala ndi Turkey 150 g, mabulosi odzola.	Nyemba msuzi 200 g, tsabola wokhazikika (kuphika mu uvuni) 1 pc., Mwatsopano masamba ofinya.	Rassolnik pa msuzi wa nyama 200 g, 100 g yophika kabichi, nyama yophika 50 g, madzi a mabulosi osavomerezeka
Tiyi yapamwamba	mtedza 30 g	50 g ya tchizi kuchokera kanyumba tchizi, 20 g mkate	1 apulosi wophika, tiyi	masamba saladi ndi mafuta masamba	Zipatso zouma zouma	yogurt yopanda mafuta 200 g	saladi wa zipatso
Chakudya chamadzulo	200 g kabichi wophika, 100 g yophika nsomba, tiyi wopanda mafuta	200 g chodzaza tsabola wa Turkey komanso 15% wowawasa wowawasa, tiyi wopanda mafuta	150 g masamba ophika popanda mbatata, 50 g tchizi, mabulosi	200 g yophika mpunga ndi veal, coleslaw 150 g, tiyi	Saladi yamafuta azinyanja, owiritsa m'madzi.	200 g Turkey yophika mu malaya ndi masamba ololedwa, madzi a mabulosi	steamed nkhuku kudula, oyera kabichi saladi, tiyi
Chakudya chamadzulo	Mkaka 1 chikho	Zipatso zololedwa	Tchizi chamafuta ochepa 150 g.	Beefidok 1 kapu	Kefir 1 chikho	Tchizi cha curd 50, toast, tiyi wobiriwira	Mkaka 1 chikho

Izi ndizosavuta kumvetsetsa kuti zakudya zamitundu mitundu 1 ndizosiyanasiyana. Choyamba mutha kupita kwa othandizira zakudya ndikupanga zakudya zovomerezeka muzakudya # 9 kwa mwezi umodzi. M'tsogolomu, mutha kupanga pawokha menyu, poyang'ana pamndandanda ndi matebulo azinthu za odwala matenda ashuga.

Zakudya zochepa za carb

Uwu ndi mtundu watsopano wa zakudya za anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Idasinthanso njira za kukhulupirika pama chakudya azovuta. Othandizira zakudya zama carb otsika amakhulupirira kuti muyenera kuchotsa pazakudya za odwala matenda ashuga zakudya zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi shuga komanso zobisika.

Kupatula malonda ogulitsa omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga chifukwa ali ndi zotsekemera zomwe zimapangitsa shuga;
Zipatso zonse ndi zipatso ndi zoletsedwa;
Chomwe chikutsimikizidwa kwambiri ndi mapuloteni ndi mafuta (masamba ndi nyama). Nyama, nsomba, nkhuku, tchizi, mazira, batala, zonse zamkaka zimakhala maziko a menyu a matenda ashuga;
Masamba ndizovomerezeka, koma si onse;
Miphika yambiri ndi yoletsedwa;
Zakudya zonse za tirigu, zomwe zimaloledwa kudya moyenera, zakudya zamafuta ochepa.

Kuletsa kuyenera kukhala kofala ndipo zakudya zoletsedwa siziyenera kudyedwa.

Kusankhidwa kwa izi kapena kudya zakudya zamtundu woyamba wa shuga kuyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi adokotala, chifukwa kuwonjezera pa zovuta za kagayidwe kazakudya, munthu akhoza kukhala ndi zotsutsana zina. Koma kutsatira malamulo azakudya ndi malamulo ake ndiye chinsinsi cha thanzi la matenda ashuga.

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