NovoRapid ndi mankhwala a shuga omwe amatha kuthana ndi kuchepa kwa insulin yachilengedwe. NovoRapid insulin jakisoni m'munsi shuga. Mankhwala atsopanowa ali ndi zabwino zambiri poyerekeza ndi analogues.
Imayamba mwachangu komanso mosavuta, shuga imasinthidwa nthawi yomweyo. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi iliyonse, ngakhale musanadye kapena mutatha kudya, chifukwa ndi gawo la insulin ya ultrashort. Thupi silizolowera mankhwalawa, nthawi iliyonse mungathe kuligwetsa kapena kusinthana ndi mankhwala ena.
Zambiri za NovoRapida
NovoRapid imadziwika kuti ndi analogue mwachindunji a insulin yaumunthu, koma imakhala yamphamvu kwambiri molingana ndi momwe imagwirira ntchito. Gawo lake lalikulu ndi insulin aspart, yomwe ili ndi kufupikitsa kwa hypoglycemic. Chifukwa chakuti kusuntha kwa glucose mkati mwa maselo kumawonjezeka, ndipo mapangidwe ake m'chiwindi amachepetsa, shuga wamagazi amatsika kwambiri.
Pambuyo kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, njira zotsatirazi zimachitika:
- Kuphatikiza kagayidwe mkati mwa maselo;
- Kuwongolera mayamwidwe amisempha yonse ndi thupi;
- Kuchulukitsa kwa zochitika za lepogisisi ndi glycogeneis.
NovoRapid yothetsera imaloledwa kutumizidwa mosavuta kapena m'mitsempha. Koma makonzedwe pansi pa khungu amalimbikitsidwa, ndiye kuti NovoRapid imagwira bwino ntchito kwambiri ndipo imagwira ntchito mwachangu kwambiri poyerekeza ndi insulin yosungunuka. Koma kutalika kwa zochita sikutalika ndi monga sungunuka wa insulin.
NovoRapid imayendetsedwa nthawi yomweyo jakisoni - itatha mphindi 10-15, kuwonekera kwakukulu kumawonekera pambuyo pa maola 2-3, ndipo nthawiyo imakhala maola 4-5.
Odwala munthawi yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa amathandizanso kudziwa kuti mankhwalawa atha kukhala obwera usiku womwe hypoglycemia ikayamba. Kuphatikiza apo, musadandaule kuti NovoRapid insulin idzayamba kuzolowera thupi, nthawi zonse mumatha kusintha kapena kusintha mankhwalawa.
Zizindikiro zogwiritsa ntchito NovoRapida
Mankhwala amathandizidwa ndi matenda otsatirawa:
- Matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba (wodalira insulin);
- Matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri (wopanda insulin-wodziimira);
- Pofuna kuwonjezera luso la masewera olimbitsa thupi;
- Pofuna kuchepetsa kulemera;
- Monga kupewa hyperglycemic chikomokere.
NovoRapid ndiwotsutsana mwa otsatirawa:
- Kukhala ndi chidwi chokwanira cha thupi pazigawo za mankhwala;
- Pamene magazi a shuga amachepetsa;
- Kumwa mankhwala nthawi yomweyo ndi mowa;
- Ana osakwana zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Insulin NovoRapid amavomerezedwa kuti azitsogolera matenda ashuga mwa akazi nthawi yonse yoyembekezera komanso panthawi yoyamwitsa.
Nthawi zina, ndi jekeseni ya NovoRapid, zimachitika zovuta.
- Allergy mu mawonekedwe a urticaria, edema, scabies, kumva kutentha kwa dzuwa;
- Peripheral neuropathy ndi nkhawa popanda chifukwa;
- Kutaya kolowera;
- Kusintha kwatha, kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe;
- Kupititsa patsogolo;
- Chingwe cha miyendo;
- Kumverera kofooka m'misempha, kuchepa mphamvu;
- Tachycardia;
- Nusea kapena njala;
- Kuchepetsa chidwi cha anthu;
- Mwa zina zomwe zimachitika: kuyabwa, redness kapena kufinya khungu, edema.
Pakachitika zinthu zosokoneza bongo mthupi mumachitika izi:
- Kukhumudwitsa
- Hypotension,
- Khungu pakhungu.
Kupanga kwa NovoRapida
NovoRapid imapezeka m'mitundu iwiri:
- Ma cholembera okonzeka opangidwa ndi Flexpen;
- M'malo mwake ma cartridges Penfill.
Mankhwalawo pawokha ndi ofanana mumtunduwu - madzi omveka, opanda khungu, 100 ml ya gawo lothandizirali lili 1 ml. The zikuchokera onse zolembera ndi makatiriji 3 ml ya insulin.
Kupanga kwa NovoRapid insulin kumachitika malinga ndi ukadaulo wapadera wokhazikitsidwa ndi Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, amino acid imalowetsedwa ndi aspartic acid, chifukwa chomwe kuphatikizira kwa receptor kumachitika, kumayambitsa zochitika zomwe zimapezeka m'maselo, komanso mankhwala omwe amapanga zinthu zikuluzikulu (glycogen synthetase, hexokinases).
Kusiyana pakati pa mitundu ya NovoRapid FlexPen ndi NovoRapid Penfill kumangokhala mwa njira yotulutsidwa: mtundu woyamba ndi cholembera, chachiwiri ndi makatoni oloweza. Koma mankhwala omwewo amawatsanulira pamenepo. Wodwala aliyense ali ndi mwayi wosankha mtundu wa insulini womwe ungamuvute kugwiritsa ntchito.
Mitundu yonseyi ya mankhwala ingagulidwe kokha m'masitolo ogulitsa ndi mankhwala.
Mtengo wa NovoRapida
Mtengo wa NovoRapid Penfill wa zidutswa 5 ku Russia ndi ma ruble 1600-1800, mtengo wa Flexpen wa zolembera 5 (phukusi limodzi) ndi ma ruble 1800-2000.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito NovoRapida
Pofuna kuthana ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 kapena mtundu wa matenda ashuga a 2, ndikofunikira kupaka jekete pang'ono, matako, khoma lamkati kapena phewa musanadye pamimba yopanda kanthu.
Kusankha kwa mankhwala kumalimbikitsidwa potengera kuchuluka kwa insulin:
Kumayambiriro kwa matenda a mtundu woyamba - 0,5 PISCES / kg;- Pankhani ya matenda okhalitsa choposa chaka chimodzi - 0,6 PESCES / kg;
- Ndi zovuta za matenda ashuga - 0,7 PISCES / kg;
- Ndi shuga wowola - mayunitsi 0,8;
- Ndi matenda otsutsana ndi maziko a ketoacidosis - 0,9 PIECES / kg;
- Amayi pa nthawi yoyembekezera - 1 unit / kg.
Kumayambiriro kwa matenda a mtundu woyamba - 0,5 PISCES / kg;Kufunika kwa wodwala kwambiri kwa insulini patsiku kuyenera kukhala kwa 0,5 mpaka 1 UNITS / kg ya kulemera. 60-70% imalipidwa ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwalawa musanadye, ndipo ndalama zotsalazo zimapezeka ndi insulin.
NovoRapid Flexpen ndi cholembera chodzaza ndi syringe. Kuti zitheke, pali chopereka ndi mitundu yolemba. Ngati jakisoni wokhala ndi insulin, ma singano atali okwana 8 mm okhala ndi kapu yochepa yotchinga kuchokera ku NovoFayn kapena Novotvist amagwiritsidwa ntchito, chizindikirocho "S" chiyenera kukhala phukusi lawo.
Ndi syringe iyi, mutha kulowa 1 mpaka 60 mayunitsi a mankhwalawo molondola mpaka 1 unit. Ndikofunikira kutsogoleredwa ndi malangizo ogwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho. Cholembera chimbale cha FlexPen chimaperekedwa kuti chizigwiritsa ntchito payekha ndipo sichitha kudzazidwanso kapena kusamutsa anthu ena.
- Gawo 1. Phunzirani mosamala dzinalo kuti mutsimikizire kuti mtundu wa insulini wasankhidwa bwino. Chotsani kapu yakunja mu syringe, koma osataya. Iretsani mbale ya mphira. Chotsani zokutira lakunja kwa singano. Ikani singano pa cholembera mpaka itasiya, koma osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Singano ina imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse jakisoni, yomwe imalepheretsa kuwoneka mabakiteriya. Singano sikufunika kuthyoledwa, kukhazikika, kuloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ena.
- Gawo 2. Mlengalenga pang'ono ungawonekere mu cholembera. Kuti okosijeniyo asasonkhanitsidwe kumeneko, ndipo mulingo woyenera, muyenera kuyimba mayunitsi 2 potembenuzira chosakanizira cha metering. Kenako tembenuza syringe ndi singanoyo, pukumbani syringe ndi chala chanu cholozera. Simungathe kukhazikitsa zomwe zili pamwamba pa malire, gwiritsani ntchito sikani kuti mudziwe mlingo wanu. Kutentha kwa mankhwala operekedwa kuyenera kukhala kutentha kwa chipinda.
- Gawo 3. Dinani batani njira yonse mpaka cholembera afikire "0" chizindikiro. Ngati kumapeto kwa singano dontho lamadzi silituluka, zonse ziyenera kuchitidwanso, koma osapitilira zisanu ndi chimodzi. Ngati zotsatira sizikwaniritsidwa, ndiye kuti FlexPen singagwiritsidwe ntchito.
- Gawo 4 Ngati chipangizocho chikuyenda bwino, dinani batani "Yambani" mpaka cholemba chibwererenso ku "0" chizindikiro. Kenako jekeseni insulin mu mafuta ochepa a ntchafu, matako, khoma lamkati kapena phewa. Mankhwalawa sangayambe ngati simukanikiza batani kwa masekondi ena 5-6 mutatha kuyika singano pansi pa khungu. Iyi ndiye njira yokhayo yomwe mungayambitsire mankhwalawo kwathunthu, monga adalimbikitsira adokotala. Batani loyambira liyenera kukanikizidwa mpaka singano itachotsedwa pakhungu. Malo omwe ali ndi jekeseni iliyonse ayenera kusinthidwa. Pambuyo pa jekeseni, singano zimayenera kuchotsedwa osasungidwa pafupi ndi syringe kuti madzi asatayike.
- Gawo 5. Ikani singano mu chipewa chakunja osakhudza cap. Pamene singano ilowa mu chipewa, imangirirani ndi kuchotsa singano ku syringe. Osakhudza nsonga ya singano. Taya singano mumtsuko wolimba, ndiye muzitaya molingana ndi malangizo a dokotala. Ikani chipewa pa syringe. Muyenera kuti muzisunga kutentha kutentha, osatsika, pewani kugwedezeka, musasambe, koma pewani fumbi kuti lisalowe. Botolo yatsopano iyenera kusungidwa mufiriji, koma osawunda ndipo musayike pafupi ndi mufiriji! Mukazindikira kuwala kwa dzuwa, mankhwalawo amayamba kugwira ntchito. Botolo lotseguka limatha kusungidwa kwa masiku 28 firiji.
Njira ya chithandizo nthawi zambiri imakhala yayitali, choncho madeti ake ndi ovuta kukhazikitsa. Kutalika kwa mankhwalawa kumakhudzidwa ndi mlingo womwe waperekedwa, jakisoni wambiri m'thupi, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kutentha ndi kuchuluka kwa zochita zolimbitsa thupi.
NovoRapid Penfill imapezeka mu mawonekedwe amakatolo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira insulin.
Kupangidwa ndi NovoNordisk, masingano a NovoFine amaphatikizidwa.
- Gawo 1. Onetsetsani mosamala cholembera kuti muwonetsetse kuti mtundu woyenera wa insulini wasankhidwa. Ndikofunikira kulabadira dzina la insulini komanso ngati nthawi yake yatha. Pakani chingamu pang'ono ndi ubweya wa thonje kapena chopukutira chakhathamira mu mowa wamankhwala. Mankhwalawa sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cartridge idagwa kuchokera pamenepo, itawonongeka mwanjira iliyonse kapena kuphwanyidwa, chifukwa muichi inshuwaransi ikhoza kutayika; komanso ngati insulin idayamba kukhala mitambo kapena kupeza mthunzi wina.
- Gawo 2. Ikani singano mu subcutaneous adipose minofu ya ntchafu, phewa, matako, ndi khomo lakunja kwam'mimba. Pambuyo poika singano pansi pakhungu, iyenera kukhalapo kwa masekondi ena a 5-6. Batani liyenera kukanikizidwa mpaka singano itulutsidwa. Pambuyo pa jekeseni onse, muyenera kuchotsa nthawi yomweyo. Simungathe kudzazitsanso cartridge yomweyo ndi insulin kachiwiri.
Osagwiritsa ntchito Flexpen ndi Penfill motere:
- Kathumba kapena syringe idagwa, kugunda;
- Chipangizocho chikuwonongeka, chifukwa pamenepa kutaya kwa insulin ndikotheka;
- Pisitoni ya mphira ndi yotakata kwambiri kuposa mzere wa code yoyera;
- Insulin idasungidwa m'malo osayenera kapena yowuma;
- Insulin siyowonekera, yatulutsa kapena yasanduka mitambo.
Malangizo apadera mukamagwiritsa ntchito NovoRapida:
- Mlingo wosakwanira kapena kusokonezeka mwadzidzidzi kwa chithandizo kumatha kutsogolera ku hyperglycemia kapena ketosis.
- Ngati pali matenda m'thupi, ndiye kuti kufunika kwa insulini kumakulitsidwa, ndipo ngati kuwonongeka kwa impso kapena chiwindi kumayang'aniridwa, ndiye kuti kufunika kwake kumachepetsedwa.
- Kusintha kwa odwala matenda ashuga kupita ku mtundu wina kapena kampani ya insulin kumachitika moyang'aniridwa ndi adokotala. Mukamasintha mankhwalawa kukhala a insulin, mufunikira jakisoni yochulukirapo mu maora 24 kapena muyenera kusintha mlingo. Kufunika kowonjezera kwa mankhwala owonjezera kumatha kupezeka ngakhale jekeseni woyamba kapena masabata oyamba a 3-4 kapena miyezi ingapo mutasintha mankhwalawa.
- Zakudya zothina kapena zolimbitsa thupi zimatha kuyambitsa kukula kwa hypoglycemia.
- Simungathe kubaya jakisoni ngati madziwo apeza mtundu kapena wamtambo.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito NovoRapid, munthu amayenera kuyendetsa magalimoto mosamala ndikuchita zinthu zoopsa zomwe zimafuna kuti azikumbukira kwambiri.
Ma Analogs a NovoRapida
Ngati NovoRapid sioyenera kwa odwala matenda ashuga pazifukwa zilizonse, ndiye kuti dokotala amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito ma fanizo otsatirawa: Apidra, Gensulin N, Humalog, Novomiks, Rizodeg. Mtengo wawo uli wofanana.
Nthawi zambiri odwala amafunsa madokotala awo funso: "Kodi ndi chiyani - Humalog kapena NovoRapid?". Koma sipangakhale chidziwitso cholondola cha yankho, popeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya insulin imakhudzanso wodwala aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Nthawi zambiri, ziwengo zimawoneka kuti zimayambitsa kusintha kuchokera ku mankhwala kupita ku wina.
Kuphatikiza apo, mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, funso limadzuka: "Chiti ndibwino - Apidra kapena NovoRapid?". Zachidziwikire, aliyense amasankha zosavuta. Apidra amakhalanso ndi insulin yocheperako, amayamba kuchita pakatha mphindi 4-5 jakisoni, koma iyenera kuvulazidwa mosamala musanadye kapena atangodya, zomwe sizili bwino kwa wodwalayo nthawi zonse.
