Njira yodziwika yotulutsira insulin kwa anthu odwala matenda a shuga ndi jakisoni. Komabe, kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi yamakono kwapangitsa kuti azitha kupeza mankhwalawa m'mapiritsi, omwe pamlingo wina amatha kupangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta kwa odwala. Kenako simuyenera kuchita jakisoni wokhazikika, ndipo nthawi yomwera mankhwalawo idzagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono.
Chithandizo cha jekeseni wamba
Analogue yopanga insulin yamunthu idapangidwa kumapeto kwa zaka zana zapitazo. Popeza akhala akuchulukitsa kangapo, mankhwalawo ndiofunikira kwambiri pothandizira anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kumatenda amtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri ndipo ali ndi mitundu ingapo: yayifupi, yayitali komanso yayitali.
Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwala oyenera kumachitika payekhapayekha ndipo zimadalira moyo wa wodwalayo.
Insulin yapakati pa insulin imatha kukhala yothandiza masana. Imayambitsidwa nthawi isanakwane chakudya chamadzulo chamitima chosangalatsa. Nawonso, mankhwala omasulidwa nthawi yayitali amatha kugwira ntchito yoposa tsiku limodzi, nthawi yoyendetsera imakhazikitsidwa payekhapayekha.
Kupereka mankhwalawa masiku ano, ma syringe osawoneka bwino amagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso wopereka aliyense payekha kuti athe kukonza kuchuluka kwake. Nthawi zonse azisungidwa nanu kuti muthe kupanga njira zoyenera nthawi iliyonse. Komanso, odwala ayenera kukhala ndi glucometer payekha kuti ayang'anire matendawo.
Zoyambira mapiritsi a insulin
Kafukufuku wazokhudza matenda a shuga ndi mahomoni omwe amapanga glucose adayamba chakumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la makumi awiri, pamene mgwirizano wapadera pakati pa insulin ndi shuga m'thupi la munthu wapezeka. Zingwe, zomwe tsopano zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala matenda ashuga, zidapangidwa pang'onopang'ono.
Nkhani yopanga insulin monga mapiritsi yakhala ikuchitika kwazaka zambiri. Woyamba kuwafunsa anali asayansi ochokera ku Denmark ndi Israel. Adayambitsa chitukuko choyambirira m'magulu opanga miyala yamapiritsi ndipo adayesa zingapo zotsimikizira kuthekera kwawo. Komanso, kafukufuku wazaka makumi asanu ndi anayi za zana zapitazi zachitika ndi oimira India ndi Russia, zotsatira zake ndizofanana kwambiri ndi zinthu zochokera ku Denmark ndi Israel.
Masiku ano, mankhwala opatsirana amapitilira ziyeso zofunika pa nyama. Posachedwa akufuna kupanga zochuluka ngati njira yina yobayira jekeseni.
Kusiyana mu njira ya mankhwala
Insulin ndi mapuloteni omwe amapanga kapamba m'thupi. Ndi kuchepa kwake, shuga samafika m'maselo, chifukwa chomwe ntchito ya ziwalo zonse zamkati imasokonekera ndipo matenda a shuga amapezeka.
Mwazi wamagazi umatuluka mukangodya. Mu thupi lathanzi, kapamba panthawi yazovuta zowonjezereka amayamba kupanga mwachangu mahomoni omwe amalowa m'chiwindi kudzera m'mitsempha yamagazi. Amawongolera kuchuluka kwake. Akabayidwa, insulin imalowa nthawi yomweyo m'magazi, kudutsa chiwindi.
Madokotala amakhulupirira kuti kumwa mankhwala a insulin m'mapiritsi kumakhala kotetezeka kwambiri chifukwa pamenepa chiwindi chizichita nawo ntchito yake, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuyenera kuyendetsedwa bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi thandizo lawo, mutha kuchotsa jakisoni opweteka tsiku ndi tsiku.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa
Chimodzi mwamaubwino amasulo a insulin m'mapiritsi opaka jakisoni ndi chitetezo chogwiritsa ntchito. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mahomoni opangidwa mwachilengedwe amathandizira kukonza chiwindi; akaphatikizidwa, satenga nawo gawo pokonzekera. Zotsatira zake, zovuta za matendawa, kusokonezeka kwa mtima wama mtima, komanso mawonekedwe a kusokonekera kwa ma capillaries amatha kuchitika.
Mukamamwa, mankhwalawo nthawi zonse amalowa m'chiwindi ndikuwongolera mothandizidwa. Chifukwa chake, pali makonzedwe ofanana ndi dongosolo lachilengedwe la mahomoni.
Kuphatikiza apo, insulin ya piritsi ili ndi zotsatirazi:
- Amatha kukumbukira njira zopweteka, mabala ndi mikwingwirima pambuyo pawo;
- Sichifuna kuchuluka kwakukulu kwawuma;
- Ndi kuwongolera Mlingo wa insulin ndi chiwindi pakukonzanso, chiopsezo cha bongo chimachepa kwambiri;
- Mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa jakisoni.
Kuti mudziwe chomwe chiri bwino, insulini kapena mapiritsi, ndikofunikira kuti muzolowere zolakwitsa zakutsogolo. Imatha kukhala ndi mphindi imodzi yofunika, yomwe imagwirizana ndi ntchito ya kapamba. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mukamamwa mankhwala mkati, thupi limagwira ntchito mwamphamvu komanso mwachangu.
Komabe, pakadali pano, zomwe zikuchitika zikuyambidwanso pankhani yogamula nkhaniyi. Kuphatikiza apo, kapambayu azigwira ntchito akangomaliza kudya, osatinso, monga kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena kutsitsa shuga.
Contraindication
Ngakhale ndikufunika kogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, ali ndi malire. Chifukwa chake, ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala matenda a chiwindi ndi mtima matenda a urolithiasis ndi zilonda zam'mimba.
Chifukwa chiyani ana sayenera kumwa insulin pamapiritsi? Kuphwanya kumeneku kumalumikizidwa ndi kusowa kwa chidziwitso pazotsatira za maphunziro pazogwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kodi ndizotheka kusintha kuchokera ku yankho kupita pamapiritsi?
Popeza mapiritsi a insulin pakadali pano akupanga chitukuko ndikuyesera, kafukufuku wolondola komanso wokwanira sanapezebe. Komabe, zotsatira zomwe zikupezeka zikuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi ndikomveka bwino komanso kotetezeka, chifukwa sikuvulaza thupi kuposa jakisoni.
Popanga mapiritsi, asayansi m'mbuyomu adakumana ndi mavuto ena okhudzana ndi njira komanso liwiro la timadzi timene timalowa m'magazi, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti kuyesa kambiri kulephere.
Mosiyana ndi jakisoni, zinthu zochokera m'mapiritsiwo zimakumwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo zotsatira za kutsika kwa shuga sizinakhalitse. M'mimba, Komano, imazindikira kuti mapuloteniwo ndi amino acid ndipo amamugaya m'njira yoyenera. Kuphatikiza apo, podutsa m'mimba, timadzi timene timatha kulowa m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono.
Pofuna kuti mahomoni akhale mu mawonekedwe ake mpaka atalowa m'magazi, asayansi adakulitsa muyeso, ndipo chipolopolocho chidapangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe sizimalola kuti madzi a m'mimba awononge. Piritsi yatsopanoyi, ikalowa m'mimba, sinagwe, ndipo italowa m'matumbo aang'ono idatulutsa hydrogel, yomwe idakhazikika pamakoma ake.
The inhibitor sichinasungunuke m'matumbo, koma adaletsa machitidwe a ma enzyme pamankhwala. Chifukwa cha chiwembuchi, mankhwalawa sanawonongedwe, koma adalowa kwathunthu m'magazi. Kuchotsa kwathunthu kwa thupi kunachitika mwachilengedwe.
Chifukwa chake, ngati zitheka kusinthana ndi cholowa m'malo mwa insulin m'mapiritsi, iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati mutsatira maulamulirowa ndikuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, kulandira chithandizo ndi mankhwalawa kumatha kukhala kothandiza kwambiri.
Kodi insulin ingakhalenso m'mitundu iti?
Zomwe adaganizapo m'mbuyomu momwe amasuliridwire mu inshuwaransi. Komabe, kukulitsa ndi kuyesa sizinaphule kanthu chifukwa chakuti kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa mahomoni mu yankho sikungakhazikike chifukwa chovuta ndi kulowetsedwa kwa gawo kulowa m'magazi kudzera mucous membrane.
Komanso, kuyeserera kunachitika pa nyama komanso kuyamwa kwamankhwala mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ndi chithandizo chake, makoswe oyesera adachotsa msanga vuto la kuperewera kwamafuta ndi glucose pakapita mphindi.
Maiko angapo otukuka padziko lapansi ali okonzeka kutulutsidwa kwa piritsi. Kupanga zochuluka kumathandizira kuthetsa kusowa kwa mankhwala padziko lonse lapansi ndikuchepetsa mtengo wake wamsika. Zotsatira zake, mabungwe ena azachipatala ku Russia amachitanso kale kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndipo amawona kuti matendawo ali ndi zotsatira zabwino.
Pomaliza
Insulini m'mapiritsi ilibe dzina pakadali pano, chifukwa kafukufuku wamderali sanamalizebe. Pakadali pano, imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati choyesera. Komabe, zabwino zake zambiri zadziwika poyerekeza ndi mankhwala wamba. Koma palinso zovuta zomwe ndizofunikanso kuziganizira. Chifukwa chake, insulin m'mapiritsi imakhala ndi mtengo wokwera, koma ndizovuta kwambiri kuti ikhale.
