Insulin yochita mwachidule ndi mahomoni enaake omwe amafunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Imayambitsa ntchito ya magawo a kapamba nthawi yayifupi, ndipo imasungunuka kwambiri.
Nthawi zambiri, insulini yokhala ndi nthawi yochepa imalembedwa kwa anthu omwe gawo lachiberekero limeneli limatha kupanga mahomoni momasuka. Kupezeka kwakukulu kwa mankhwalawa m'magazi kumadziwika pambuyo pa maola awiri, kuchotsedwa kwathunthu kwa thupi - mkati mwa 6.
Njira yamachitidwe
Mthupi laumunthu, ma pancreatic a ma pancreatic ali ndi udindo wopanga insulin. Popita nthawi, ma cell a beta samatha kugwira ntchito zawo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala ndi shuga ambiri.
Insulin yochepa ikamalowa m'thupi, imayambitsa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga azigwira. Izi zimathandiza kuti shuga asanduke shuga ndi mafuta. Komanso, mankhwalawa amathandizira kukhazikitsa mayamwidwe a shuga m'matumbo a chiwindi.
Kumbukirani kuti mtundu wa mankhwala ngati amenewo mapiritsi sudzabweretsa mtundu wa shuga. Poterepa, zigawo zomwe zimagwira zimagwera kwathunthu m'mimba. Pankhaniyi, jakisoni ndikofunikira.
Kuti musamavutike kuyendetsa ntchito ma syringes, ma syringes kapena mapampu a insulin amawaika. Insulin yogwira ntchito mwachidule imapangidwira zochizira matenda a shuga m'magawo oyamba.
Kodi insulin yochepa imatengedwa bwanji?
Kuti chithandizo cha insulin chochepa chikhale chothandiza momwe mungathere, malamulo ena angapo ayenera kutsatira:
- Kubaya jekeseni ndikofunikira musanadye.
- Zilonda zimaperekedwa pakamwa kuti tipewe zoyipa.
- Kuti insulini imamwidwe wogawana, tsamba la jakisoni liyenera kutetezedwa kwa mphindi zingapo.
- Kumbukirani kuti kusankha kwa mankhwala omwe ali ndi ntchito kuyenera kuperekedwa ndi adokotala okha.
Mlingo uliwonse wa insulin yochepa uyenera kuwerengera aliyense payekhapayekha. Kuti muchite izi, odwala ayenera kudziwa bwino ulamuliro. Mlingo umodzi wa mankhwalawa amapangira chakudya, chomwe ndi chofanana ndi chakudya chimodzi.
Yesaninso kutsatira malangizowa:
- Ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikwabwinobwino, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwake kwa mankhwalawa kuti muchepetse zero. Mlingo wa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito umatengedwa kutengera kuchuluka kwa mikate yomwe amafunika kukonzedwa.
- Ngati mulingo wambiri wa glucose ndiwokwera kwambiri kuposa wabwinobwino, ndiye kuti pa gawo lililonse la mkate pazikhala ma insulin awiri. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kulowa nawo musanadye.
- Panthawi ya matenda opatsirana kapena pakutupa, Mlingo wa insulin ukuwonjezeka ndi 10%.
Mitundu ya Insulin-Wofulumira
Posachedwa, anthu adabayidwa pokhapokha ndi insulin yopanga, yomwe ili yofanana kwambiri ndi zochita za anthu. Ndiotsika mtengo kwambiri, motetezeka, sizoyambitsa mavuto. Ma hormone a nyama omwe adagwiritsidwa ntchito kale - omwe amachokera m'magazi a ng'ombe kapena nkhumba.
Mwa anthu, nthawi zambiri ankayambitsa mavuto osiyanasiyana. Insulin yokhala ndi nthawi yochepa imapangidwira kuti imathandizira kupanga zachilengedwe pancreatic insulin. Pankhaniyi, munthu ayenera kudya chakudya chokwanira kuti asataye mtima kwambiri m'magazi.
Ndizosatheka kunena mosasamala kuti ndi insulin yochepa ndiyiti yabwino. Dokotala m'modzi yekha ndiye ayenera kusankha izi kapena mankhwalawa. Adzachita izi ataphunziridwa mozama. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuganizira zaka, jenda, kulemera, kuuma kwa matendawa.
Ubwino wakutsata insulini yochepa ndikuti umayamba kugwira ntchito pakangotha mphindi 15 mpaka 20 pambuyo pa kutsata. Komabe, imagwira ntchito kwa maola angapo. Mankhwala odziwika bwino ndi Novorapid, Apidra, Humalag.
Insulin yogwira ntchito yayifupi imagwira ntchito kwa maola 6-8, zonse zimatengera wopanga ndi mlingo wa chinthu chomwe chikugwira. Yake kwambiri mumagazi amapezeka patatha maola awiri ndi atatu pambuyo pakukonzekera.
Magulu otsatirawa omwe akuchita insulin ndiosiyanitsidwa:
- Kukhazikitsa ma genetic - Rinsulin, Aktrapid, Humulin;
- Zopanga - Biogulin, Humodar;
- Monocomponent - Monosuinsulin, Actrapid.
Ndizosatheka kunena mosasamala kuti ndi insulin yochepa ndiyiti yabwino. Mankhwala ena ayenera kuperekedwa mwa njira iliyonse ndi dokotala. Komanso, onse ali ndi Mlingo wosiyanasiyana, kutalika kwa zochita, zoyipa ndi zoyipa.
Ngati mukufunika kusakaniza ma insulin osiyanasiyana nthawi, muyenera kusankha mankhwala kuchokera kwa omwewo. Chifukwa chake zidzakhala zothandiza kwambiri ngati zikugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi. Musaiwale kudya utatha mankhwala kuteteza chitukuko cha matenda ashuga.
Mlingo ndi makonzedwe
Nthawi zambiri, insulin imapangidwira kukonzekera kwa ntchafu, ntchafu, kutsogolo, kapena pamimba. Nthawi zina, makonzedwe a intramuscular kapena intravenous amasonyezedwa. Odziwika kwambiri ndi makatiriji apadera, omwe amatha kulowa nawo mankhwalawa.
Jakisoni wotsekemera uyenera kuchitika kwa theka la ola kapena ola limodzi asanadye. Popewa kuvulaza khungu, tsamba la jakisoni limasinthasintha. Mukatha kubaya, pukuta khungu lanu kuti lifulumire njira yoyendetsera.
Yesetsani kuchita chilichonse mosamala kuti zoteteza zisalowe m'mitsempha yamagazi. Izi zimabweretsa kumverera kowawa kwambiri. Ngati ndi kotheka, insulini yocheperako imatha kusakanikirana ndi mahomoni ofananawo. Pankhaniyi, kuchuluka kwa jekeseni ndi kapangidwe kake ka majakisidwe kuyenera kusankhidwa ndi adokotala.
Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amatenga magawo 8 mpaka 24 a insulin tsiku lililonse. Pankhaniyi, mlingo umatsimikiziridwa malinga ndi chakudya. Anthu omwe ali ndi hypersensitive kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu, kapena ana sangatenge zosaposa magawo 8 patsiku.
Ngati thupi lanu silikuwona bwino timadzi tambiri, ndiye kuti mutha kumwa mankhwala ambiri. Kumbukirani kuti kusuntha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku sikuyenera kupitirira 40 Misonkhano patsiku. Pafupipafupi kugwiritsa ntchito pamenepa maulendo 800, koma ngati kuchepetsedwa ndi insulin yayitali - pafupifupi 3.
Ngati munthu wakhala akutenga insulin yocheperako kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo pakali pano pakufunika kuti amusinthe kuti amuchiritse ndi mahomoni ofananawo a nthawi yayitali, amatumizidwa kuchipatala. Kusintha konse kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi ogwira ntchito pachipatala.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti zochitika ngati izi zimatha kupangitsa kukhazikika kwa acidosis kapena kukomoka kwa matenda ashuga. Zoopsa ndizovuta kwambiri kwa anthu omwe akudwala impso kapena chiwindi.
Malamulo a kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo
Insulin yochepa pakapangidwe kake monga mankhwala ili pafupifupi chimodzimodzi ndi zomwe zimapangidwa ndi thupi la munthu. Chifukwa cha izi, mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri samayambitsa matupi awo sagwirizana. Nthawi zina, anthu amamva kuyabwa ndikusokonekera pamalo opangira jakisoni wa chinthucho.
Akatswiri ambiri amalimbikitsa kubaya insulin m'mimba. Chifukwa chake amayamba kuchita zinthu mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo mwayi wolowa m'magazi kapena mitsempha ndizochepa kwambiri. Kumbukirani kuti pambuyo pa mphindi 20 pambuyo pa jakisoni muyenera kudya kanthu kena kokoma.
Ola limodzi pambuyo jakisoni ayenera kukhala chakudya chokwanira. Kupanda kutero, mwayi wokhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemic ndiwambiri. Munthu amene amapatsidwa insulin ayenera kudya bwino komanso mokwanira. Zakudya zake ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi zakudya zomanga thupi zomwe zimadyedwa ndi masamba kapena chimanga.
Ngati mutaba jakisoni wambiri, palinso chiopsezo chokhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemic motsutsana ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa ndende yamagazi.
Mutha kuzindikira kukula kwazomwe zikuwonetsedwa:
- Njala yayikulu;
- Kusanza ndi kusanza;
- Chizungulire;
- Mdima m'maso;
- Chisokonezo;
- Kuchulukitsa thukuta;
- Mtima palpitations;
- Kumverera kwa nkhawa komanso kusakwiya.
Ngati mukuazindikira kuti muli ndi vuto limodzi la insulin yocheperako, muyenera kumwa nthawi yomweyo tiyi wotsekemera momwe mungathere. Zizindikiro zikafooka, gwiritsani ntchito gawo lalikulu la mapuloteni ndi chakudya. Mukachira pang'ono mudzasowa kugona.
Zolemba ntchito
Kumbukirani kuti kugwiritsa ntchito insulin posakhalitsa pamafunika kutsatira malamulo ena.
Ganizirani izi:
- Muyenera kusunga mankhwalawa mufiriji, koma osati mufiriji;
- Mbale zotseguka sizikusungidwa;
- M'mabokosi apadera ndizovomerezeka kusunga insulin yotseguka kwa masiku 30;
- Kuletsedwa kwathunthu kusiya insulin dzuwa lotseguka;
- Osasakaniza mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala ena.
Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawo, onetsetsani ngati madzi abwera, ngati madziwo akhala akuthambo. Komanso onaninso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito malo osungira, komanso tsiku lotha ntchito. Izi ndizomwe zithandiza kusunga moyo ndi thanzi la odwala, komanso sizingalole kukula kwazovuta zilizonse.
Ngati pali zoyipa zilizonse chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito, muyenera kufunsa dokotala, chifukwa kukana kugwiritsa ntchito insulin kungayambitse zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri.
Nthawi zambiri, insulin yochepa imagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga thupi. Zimawonjezera magwiridwe antchito ndi kupirira kwa munthu, komanso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuuma. Mwa zabwino zosakayikira za mankhwalawa, zitha kudziwika kuti palibe kuyesa kamodzi komwe kungafotokoze chinthu ichi m'magazi - chimasungunuka ndikulowa kapamba.
Dziwani kuti ndizoletsedwa kudzipereka nokha mankhwalawa, izi zimatha kubweretsa zotsatirapo zovuta, monga kuwonongeka m'moyo wabwino kapena kufa. Anthu omwe amamwa insulin amayenera kupereka magazi pafupipafupi kuti aziyang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga.
