Insulin ndi mahomoni a protein omwe amapangidwa ndi kapamba. Imakhala ndi chothandiza kwambiri pakapangidwe kazakudya zambiri m'thupi lathu. Chimodzi mwa ntchito zake zazikulu ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Chifukwa cha insulini, njira yogwiritsira ntchito shuga ndikupanga maselo am minofu imathandizira, kupanga maselo atsopano a shuga m'chiwindi kumalepheretsa. Zimapanga nkhokwe ya glycogen - mtundu wa glucose - m'maselo, zimathandizira pakusunga komanso kudziunjikira kwazinthu zina zamphamvu, monga mafuta, mapuloteni. Chifukwa cha insulin, kuchepa kwawo ndikugwiritsa ntchito sikulephereka.
Zomwe zikuchitika kuti ntchito ya pancreatic singavulaze ndipo gland ili mwadongosolo, imapanga nthawi zonse kuchuluka kwa insulini yofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa thupi lonse. Mukatha kudya, kuchuluka kwa insulin kumakwera, izi ndizofunikira pakukonzanso kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa mapuloteni obwera, mafuta ndi chakudya.
Popanga insulin yokwanira, mtundu 1 wa matenda a shuga umachitika. Mu matendawa, maselo a pancreatic beta omwe amapanga insulin amawonongeka. Thupi silingafanane ndi chakudya chomwe chikubwera.
Kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino, wodwalayo amapatsidwa "insulin" asanadye. Kuchuluka kwa zomwe ziyenera kuthana ndi kukonzanso kwa zakudya zomwe zikubwera. Pakati pa chakudya, insulin imathandizidwanso. Cholinga cha majekesowa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti thupi likugwira ntchito pakudya.
Zikachitika kuti insulini m'thupi ipangidwe moyenera, koma mtundu wake umalephera, matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri amapezeka. Ndi matenda amtunduwu, mtundu wa insulini umachepetsedwa, ndipo sungakhale ndi chidwi ndi maselo amthupi. M'malo mwake, mulibe nzeru mu insulin yotere. Satha kusintha shuga m'magazi. Ndi mtundu uwu, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokopa insulin kuti ichitepo kanthu.
Mlingo wa insulini yamagazi ndi wabwinobwino
Insulin Zomwe zimachitika mwa akazi akamabadwa (patebulo)
Mlingo wa insulin wabwinobwino mwa amuna ndi akazi ndi wofanana, pali kusiyana pang'ono pazochitika zina.
Nthawi zina pamene glucose wambiri m'thupi akwera, kapamba amayamba kupanga insulin mwachangu. Nthawi ngati izi mu thupi la mkazi wathanzi limachitika nthawi yakutha, pakati, komanso kukalamba.
Zonsezi zikuwonetsedwa bwino pama tebulo omwe ali pansipa:
| Akazi kuyambira 25 mpaka 50 | Mkazi nthawi yapakati | Amayi azaka 60 kapena kupitirira |
| 3 mpaka 25 mced / l | 6 mpaka 27 mced / l | 6 mpaka 35 mced / l |
Mulingo wa insulin m'mwazi wa mkazi umasiyanasiyana malinga ndi zaka zake. Pakupita kwa zaka, imakwera modabwitsa.
Mulingo wa insulin m'magazi mwa amuna
Mwa amuna, komanso mwa akazi, zomwe zimakhala ndi insulini m'thupi zimasiyana ndi zaka.
| Amuna kuyambira 25 mpaka 50 | Amuna 60 ndi akulu |
| 3 mpaka 25 mced / l | 6 mpaka 35 mced / l |
Mukakalamba, mphamvu zowonjezera zimafunikira, chifukwa chake, pambuyo pa makumi asanu ndi limodzi mwa amuna, monga akazi, kuchuluka kwa insulin komwe kumapangidwa kumakulirakulira ndikufika 35 mced / l.
Madzi a insulin. Zomwe zimachitika mwa ana ndi achinyamata
Ana ndi achinyamata amapanga gulu lapadera. Ana safunanso mphamvu zowonjezera, motero kupanga mahomoni awa sikukuwoneka pang'ono. Koma nthawi yakutha msuzi, chithunzicho chimasintha kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi kufalikira kwa mahomoni ambiri, kuchuluka kwa insulin m'mwazi mwa achinyamata kumakulirakulira.
| Ana osakwana zaka 14 | Achinyamata ndi achinyamata azaka za 14 mpaka 25 |
| 3 mpaka 20 mced / l | 6 mpaka 25 mced / l |
Miyezo ya insulin ikamasinthasintha kuposa manambala omwe akuwonetsedwa, izi zikutanthauza kuti munthuyo amakhala wathanzi. Nthawi yomwe mahomoni omwe ali pamwambapa akuwonetsa, matenda am'mapapo komanso ziwalo zina zitha kupezeka patapita zaka, njirazi zimatha kusintha.
Insulin ndi mahomoni okhala ndi khalidwe. Zinthu zambiri zimatha kukhudza kuchuluka kwake - kupsinjika, kuchuluka kwa thupi, matenda a kapamba, koma nthawi zambiri kuphwanya kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda a shuga.
Zizindikiro zonena kuti pali kuchuluka kwa insulini - kuyabwa, pakamwa pouma, mabala amtundu wochiritsa, chilimbikitso chokwanira, koma nthawi yomweyo chizolowezi choonda.
Zomwe zimachitika ngati insulin ili pansi pazomwe zikuwonetsa kuti ikuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwakanthawi kapenanso kuti munthu ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba. Matenda a kapamba sayeneranso kutsutsidwa. Nthawi zambiri pamizerezi pamawonjezeredwa pallor, palpitations, kukomoka, kusakwiya, thukuta.
Momwe mungadziwire kuchuluka kwa insulin?
Kusanthula kumafunika kuti mudziwe zomwe zili mu insulin. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yosanthula - mutatha kukweza shuga komanso pamimba yopanda kanthu. Kuti muzindikire matenda a shuga, muyenera kuchita mayeso onsewa. Phunziro lotere litha kuchitidwa mu chipatala chokha.
Mlingo wa insulin m'mwazi wa amayi ndi abambo pamimba yopanda kanthu
Kusanthula kumeneku kumachitika m'mimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa, kuti zotsatira zake ziziwoneka bwino, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musadye osachepera maola 12 musanatenge magazi. Chifukwa chake, kuwunika kumeneku kumayikidwa m'mawa, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wokonzekera bwino magazi.
Tsiku loti lisanachitike, zakudya zamafuta onse, maswiti amachotsedwa pamakonzedwe a wodwala, mowa uyenera kupewedwanso. Kupanda kutero, zotsatira zomwe zapezedwa sizingafanane ndi zenizeni, zomwe zingapangitse njira yodziwira bwino matenda.
Kuphatikiza pazosintha pa menyu, ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi moyo wopumula kwambiri musanafike pakusanthula - siyani masewera olimbikira, olimbikira ntchito, yesetsani kupewa kuda nkhawa. Kusiya kusuta tsiku lisanafike kusanthula sikungosangalatsa.
Pambuyo pakugona, musanapereke magazi kuti muwoneke, simungadye kapena kumwa china chilichonse kupatula madzi oyera okha. Magazi amatengedwa kuchokera pachala, nthawi zina, magazi a venous amatengedwa, komanso pamimba yopanda kanthu.
Kuphatikiza pa kuyezetsa magazi, madokotala nthawi zambiri amakupatsirani kuyesa kwa mapangidwe a chiphuphu, zomwe zimathandiza kudziwa zifukwa zomwe zimapangira insulini.
Zotsatira zitha kukhala zochepa poyerekeza ndi tebulo lomwe lili pamwambapa. Chifukwa chake chisonyezo chokhazikika kwa munthu wamkulu chizikhala magawo kuchokera pa 1.9 mpaka 23 mked / l. Kwa ana ochepera zaka 14, chizindikiro ichi chimatha kukhala pakati pa 2 mpaka 20 mcd / l. mwa amayi omwe ali ndiudindo, chizindikiro ichi chidzakhala chofanana ndi 6 mpaka 27 mked / l.
Kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa insulin
Kuti mumvetsetse mwachangu komanso moyenera momwe thupi limatulutsira insulini, kuyezetsa kumachitika kuti mupeze timadzi tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatulutsa. Kukonzekera njira yodziwitsira matenda kumachitika chimodzimodzi monga momwe zinalili kale. Simungathe kudya osachepera maola 8, kusuta, kumwa mowa komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuyenera kusiyidwa.
Nthawi yonseyi, simungathe kupanga zochita zolimbitsa thupi, kusuta. Pambuyo maola awiri, magazi amatengedwa kuti awunikidwe, kuyeza mulingo wa insulin.
Pakupereka zitsanzo, wodwalayo amafunika kukhala wodekha, apo ayi zotsatira zake sizingakhale zolondola.
Pambuyo pa kusanthula koteroko, magawo otsatirawa amakhala zizizindikiro zodziwika bwino: kwa munthu wamkulu, manambala achokera pa 13 mpaka 15 mced / L, kwa mayi wokhala ndi mwana chizolowezi chikhala manambala kuyambira pa 16 mpaka 17 mced / L, kwa ana ochepera zaka 14, manambala kuyambira 10 azikhala achizolowezi mpaka 11 mced / l.
Nthawi zina, kungakhale koyenera kuwunikira kawiri kuti muzindikire zomwe zili m'madzi a insulin. Kusanthula koyamba kumachitika m'mimba yopanda kanthu m'mawa, pambuyo pake wodwalayo amapatsidwa shuga kuti amwe ndipo patatha maola awiri kuyezetsa magazi kumabwerezedwa. Kusanthula kophatikizidwa kudzapereka chithunzithunzi chowonjezera cha zotsatira za insulin.
Kodi kuchuluka kwa insulin kumatha bwanji?
Pambuyo podya, mapuloteni, mafuta ndi zakudya zimaloĊµa m'thupi, kapamba amayamba kupanga mwachangu mahomoni kuti athe kunyamula mitundu yonseyi. Ndiye kuti, kuchuluka kwa insulin kumawonjezeka kwambiri, chifukwa chake ndizosatheka kudziwa molondola kuchuluka kwa insulin mthupi la munthu mutatha kudya. Chakudya chikakonzedwa, zinthu za insulini zimayamba kukhala zabwinobwino.
Mlingo wa insulin mukatha kudya umachuluka ndi 50-75% ya mulingo wabwinobwino, popeza panthawiyi kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumakwezeranso. Mukatha kudya pambuyo pa maola awiri ndi theka, inshuwaransi itatu iyenera kubwerera mwakale.
Momwe mungakhalire wabwinobwino
Kwa anthu omwe akukumana ndi mavuto ndi kupanga bwino kwa insulini, zakudya zamafuta ochepa ndizofunikira. Kusunga shuga wabwinobwino, motero insulin, ndizovuta, koma ndizotheka.
Muyenera kusiya makeke ndi sinamoni ndikuyang'ana zamasamba, monga chimanga, ma compotes, tiyi. Kuchuluka kwa lokoma kuyenera kuwongoleredwa momveka bwino ndipo kumakhala koyenera kusintha m'malo mwazipatso zosapsa ndi zipatso zouma. Kuyambira nyama ndibwino kukonda ng'ombe ndi nyama ina yopendekera.
