Insuman Bazal: malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, analogues, mtengo

Malangizo a shuga omwe ali m'magazi a wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuchitika pafupipafupi. Izi zimafunikira makonzedwe osalekeza, ndipo nthawi zambiri jakisoni, wa mankhwala a hypoglycemic. Kuti zitheke, odwala amapatsidwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kuti mumvetsetse bwino, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ndi mankhwala ati omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito mwanjira iyi. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimachepetsa shuga ndi Insuman Bazal GT. Mankhwalawa akuwonetsedwa ndi kupangika kwa mahomoni - insulin yaumunthu.

Insuman Bazal amakhala ndi nthawi yotenga nthawi yomwe imachitika ola limodzi pambuyo pakupereka mankhwala. Chofunikira chachikulu chofanana ndi insulin yaumunthu sichimagwira ndale Hagedorn protamine (isofan insulin protamine).

Mankhwalawa adapangidwanso kumbuyo kwa makumi anayi ndi asayansi aku Canada. Kutalika kwa nthawi ya insulin yomwe yaperekedwa kumatheka chifukwa chowonjezerapo mapuloteni ena - protamine. Tithokozetse, ndikuyambitsa yankho la mankhwala, kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi ndi michere yamagazi kumayamba, komwe kumachepetsa kwambiri kulowetsedwa kwa mankhwala m'magazi.

Kupanga ndi mawonekedwe a kumasulidwa

Insulin basal imapezeka m'mitundu itatu:

1. Kulongedza mbale zisanu, aliyense maililita asanu;
2. Botolo imodzi pa mamililita khumi;
3. Makatoni amamilita atatu, ma syringe pensulo. Kathumba kalikonse kamakhala ndi kapisozi kokhala ndi 1 ml yogwira ntchito.

Makatoni ndi otchuka kwambiri, chifukwa kusintha kwawo sikovuta, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera sikungakhale kosavuta komanso kosapweteka.

Mu botolo lililonse kapena katoni, mu 1 millilita wa zinthu ali pafupifupi 100 IU ya insulin.

Chithandizo chotsitsa shuga ichi chili ndi:

• Insulin yaumunthu - ndiye chinthu chachikulu chophatikizira, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa mlingo womwe umayendetsedwa, kuti mupewe mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena osakwanira a insulin, omwe angayambitse zotsatira zake;
• M-cresol - pokonzekera iyi imakhala yochepa, imagwira ntchito ngati zosungunulira zina, komanso monga antiseptic;
• Phenol - asidiyu amagwira ntchito ngati antibacterial, ochepa amapezeka mu mankhwalawa. Pamodzi ndi m-cresol, zimakupatsani mwayi wosungunuka wa mankhwalawa, womwe umateteza wodwala ku matenda;
• Protamine sulfate - imagwiritsa ntchito chotchinga insulin, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wowonjezera mphamvu yake mthupi. Komanso, mankhwalawa amatha kuletsa lumen ya ziwiya, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa jakisoni;
• Sodium dihydrogen phosphate - imagwira ntchito ngati buffer, imawonjezera kusunga madzi pazinthu zomwe zimayambitsidwa. Ndikofunikira kutalikitsa kwa insulin m'magazi;
• Hydrochloric acid - imayang'anira acidity ya mankhwalawa.

Pharmacodynamics ndi pharmacokinetics

Mankhwalawa amachokera ku insulin ya anthu, pokhapokha kuwonjezera pazinthu zomwe zimakhudza mayamwidwe ndi nthawi yayitali.

Katundu wotsitsa shuga wa Insuman Bazal imatheka chifukwa cha:

1. Imathandizira kuchulukitsa kwa shuga kuchokera mthupi - pomwe pali mphamvu yofooka yomwe imalepheretsa mayamwidwe am'mimba m'matumbo am'mimba, komanso kuthamangitsanso kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi impso;
2. Kulowetsedwa kwa shuga ndi minofu ya thupi kumawonjezeka - chifukwa chomwe, glucose ambiri amalowera minyewa ndi maselo amthupi, chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwake m'magazi kumachepa;
3. Kuthamanga kwa liponeogeneis - nyumbayi imatsogolera kuchuluka kwamafuta amthupi, chifukwa ma carbohydrate m'magazi amasinthidwa ziwalo zamkati. Ndipo chifukwa cha metabolite chimayikidwa mu subcutaneous minofu, omentum, minofu ndi zimakhala zina ngati mafuta;
4. Kukondoweza kwa glyconeogeneis - mu nkhani iyi, kupangika kwina kwa shuga kumapangidwa, komwe ndi polysaccharide. Ndikusowa kwa magazi m'magazi, polysaccharide iyi imasowa kukula m'magazi;
5. Kuchepa kwa kaphatikizidwe ka shuga ndi chiwindi - m'chiwindi mumakhala michere yambiri, mafuta komanso mapuloteni, omwe mothandizidwa ndi ma enzyme ena amatha kupanga shuga;
6. Kapangidwe ka insulin receptors - kupangidwako kumakhala pakhungu lakunja la maselo amthupi, ndikuwonjezera kudutsa kwa glucose mkati, komwe kumachepetsa kuyika kwake m'magazi ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya khungu. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ndi osewera omwe akufuna kukwaniritsa zotsatira zabwino pogwiritsa ntchito insulin.

Kutsatira malangizo ogwiritsa ntchito, Insuman Bazal, iyenera kuyendetsedwa mosakakamiza. Izi ndizofunika kupewa kuwonjezeka kwambiri kwa insulin m'magazi. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zonse muyenera kuwongolera nthawi yoyendetsa ndi kuwerengera nthawi ya jakisoni wotsatira, chifukwa zotsatira za mankhwalawa zimatheka patatha maola 1-2 mutatha kuyendetsa, ndipo mphamvu yakeyo imawonekera kwa maola 20-24.

Zizindikiro

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga matenda a shuga a shuga a mtundu woyamba. Inde, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matendawa, kuchepa kwa kapangidwe ka insulin ndi maselo a Langerhans mu kapamba kumawonedwa, komwe kumafunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala a insulin a nthawi yayitali, amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi insulin Rapid yolimba kwambiri.

Mlingo

Gwiritsani ntchito Insuman Bazal GT mu cholembera kapena syringes ya insulin, ndikofunikira kugwirizanitsa ndi dokotala. Pankhaniyi, madyerero oyamba ayenera kukhala mu chipatala moyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri. Ithandizira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa insulin, kuwongolera kukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwala tsiku lililonse, komanso kuwona momwe thupi limayankhira pomvera mankhwalawa.

Palibe mankhwala enieni ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa, chifukwa mlingo uliwonse umasankhidwa kwa wodwala aliyense. Mlingo watsiku ndi tsiku amawerengedwa molingana ndi kulemera kwa thupi ndipo ndi 0.4-1.0 U / kg.

Mukamawerengera, muyenera kuganizira momwe wodwalayo amatsatira chithandizo chamankhwala, chomwe chimatsogolera moyo wake, ntchito zake patsiku. Mankhwala ayenera kuperekedwa mosamala. Chofunikira ndikusintha kwa jakisoni. Izi ndi zofunika chifukwa cha enieni mankhwala momwe mankhwalawo amathandizira, komanso kupewa kuteteza minofu kuwonongeka ndi necrosis komanso makonzedwe a mankhwalawo.

Zochita zoterezi zimayenera kugwirizanitsidwa ndi adokotala. Popeza magawo osiyanasiyana amthupi amakhala ndi magawo osiyanasiyana a chitukuko cha ma network a magazi ndi ziwiya zamitsempha, chifukwa cha izi, gawo la insulin lomwe limalowa m'magazi limatha kusintha.

Dokotala ayenera kuganizira momwe kuchuluka kwa glucose kumasinthira pamene Insuman imaperekedwa m'malo osiyanasiyana a jakisoni.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito Insuman Bazal, mawonekedwe awa akuyenera kuganiziridwa:

• Malo oyambitsa;
• Kusintha kwa kulemera kwa thupi - ndi kuwonjezeka, Mlingo ukuwonjezeka motero, mu nkhani iyi minofu yolimbana ndi insulin ikhoza kuchitika, kuwonjezeka kwa ndende ya glucose komanso kukula kwa zofunikira zodwala;
• Kusintha kwa kadyedwe ndi kakhalidwe - kadyedwe kazakudya chamaguluga chimakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pafupipafupi, ngati angasinthe mtundu wa zakudya kapena kusintha menyu, mulingo woyenera wa mankhwalawa uyenera kuyambiranso. Zochita zotere ziyenera kuchitika atasintha moyo wawo, nthawi zina, odwala amafunikira insulin (chithunzi), ndipo mwa ena, mlingo waukulu (matenda, ntchito yochepa);
• Kutembenukira ku insulin ya munthu kuchokera ku chinyama - zotere zimachitika pokhapokha moyang'aniridwa ndi adokotala, ndiye yekha amene ayenera kusintha mlingo. Mu odwala matenda ashuga, mumakhala chidwi cha insulin yaumunthu, nthawi zambiri mankhwalawa amachepetsa.

Ndi chitukuko cha matenda omwe akuphatikizidwa ndi kulephera kwa chiwindi kapena kutsogolera kwake, kuwongolera kwa shuga kuyenera kuchitidwa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa shuga ya mankhwala ochepetsera omwe akuyembekezeredwa kuyenera kutsitsidwa. Popeza metabolism ya insulin imachepetsedwa, komanso kaphatikizidwe ka glucose m'chiwindi.

Njira zopewera kupewa ngozi

Musanaimbire mwachindunji mankhwala, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti ndi abwino. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutenga botolo, ndikuonetsetsa kuti pali kapu ya pulasitiki yomwe imati sinatsegulidwe. Kenako yang'anani mkhalidwe wa yankho la matenda omwewo.

Ikhale yoyera, opaque, yosasinthasintha. Ngati mpweya, kukhalapo kwa ma flakes, kuwonekera kwa kuyimitsidwa palokha kumawonedwa, izi zikuwonetsa mkhalidwe wosavomerezeka wamankhwala.

Musanayimbe, kuyimitsidwa kumayenera kusakanizidwa bwino. Mu syringe, jambulani mpweya molingana ndi mlingo womwe mukufuna ndikulowetsani mu vial osakhudza kuyimitsidwa komwe. Kenako, osatulutsa singano, tembenuzani botolo ndikusonkha mlingo womwe mukufuna wa Insuman.

Pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito ma cholembera ndi ma cartridge, ndikofunikanso kuyerekeza momwe kuyimitsidwira palokha ndikugwira ntchito kwa cholembera. Asanayambe makonzedwe, muyenera kutembenuzira pang'ono kapena kugwedeza chipangizocho kangapo kuti muyimitsidwe.

Ngati zolembera za syringe zasweka, ndipo palibe mwayi wogula watsopano pakadali pano, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito syringe. Insuman Bazal imakhala ndi 100 IU / ml, chopangira chachikulu, kotero muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma syringe omwe amapangidwira mwachindunji muyezo wa mankhwala.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Potengera momwe ntchito ya Insuman imagwiritsidwira ntchito, chitukuko cha:

1. Hypoglycemia - mlingo wa insulin wopitilira muyeso, kapena ngati thupi silikufunika lina;
2. Hyperglycemia - imakula pafupipafupi, imawonetsa kuchuluka kwa insulini kapena kuchepa kwa chidwi chokwanira ndi mankhwalawa.

Mikhalidwe yotere imayendera limodzi ndi chizungulire chachikulu, kutayika kwa chikumbumtima, mantha, kumva mwamphamvu njala. Palinso mutu wovuta, nkhawa, kusakwiya, komanso kusokonekera kwa kayendedwe ka kayendedwe.

Pochera mosalekeza m'misempha, odwala amakhala ndi tachycardia, kutsika kwa magazi, komanso khungu lotuwa.

Kuchepa pafupipafupi kumachepa ndikuwonjezereka kwa glucose amathanso kusiya zotsatira zosafunikira pa thanzi la munthu. Zikatero, angiopathy ang'onoang'ono ziwiya zosiyanasiyana kutulutsidwa. Nthawi zambiri, pamakhala kuwonongeka kooneka, kumada. Mkhalidwe wamakono wozungulira wamagetsi umatsogolera ku kukula kwa khungu.

Ndi kuyambitsidwa kosalekeza kwa insulin pamalo amodzi, kuwonongeka kwa minyewa yodutsa mkati mwake, khungu limachitika. Komanso, machitidwe oterewa angayambitse kukula kwa abscess kapena minofu necrosis.

Mchitidwe wa hypersensitivity ukhoza kukhala pazinthu za Insuman, zomwe zimayendera limodzi ndi kuyabwa kwambiri, zotupa pakhungu, ndikulowerera kolowera kapena malo akuda, zomwe zikuwonetsa minofu necrosis (zochitika za Arthus). Mwina kuwoneka kwa mavuto kupuma, kuwonetsa kukula kwa bronchospasm, angioedema, redness of all khungu.

Bongo

Mothandizidwa ndi insulin yayikulu, thupi limayamba kukula. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zikaonekera, ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu kuti mupewe izi. Choyamba, muyenera kuchita mayeso owonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ngati zizindikirozo ndizochepa, muyenera kutenga shuga pang'ono.

Pofuna kutaya chikumbumtima, kufalikira kwamphamvu kwa shuga kumaperekedwa kwa wokhudzidwayo, kudzera m'mitsempha, kenako dontho ndikulumikizidwa ndi njira yothiriridwa ndi shuga. Pambuyo pake wodwalayo amawayang'aniridwa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti shuga ya magazi imayesedwa pafupipafupi.

Kuchita ndi mankhwala ena

Kugwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo mankhwala osiyanasiyana ochepetsa shuga kumabweretsa kukula kwa chikomokere cha hypoglycemic, ndikofunikira kugwirizanitsa pakumwa mankhwala ndi dokotala.

Ndi zoletsedwa kumwa Insuman ndi mankhwala omwe amatha kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mankhwala opatsirana, monga: emtrogens, sympathomimetics, mahomoni a chithokomiro, diuretics, somatotropin ndi analogues, antipsychotic mankhwala.

Ngati wodwala akuyenera kumwa mankhwalawa, nthawi zoterezi ziyenera kuvomerezedwa ndi adokotala.

Ma Analogs ndi mtengo wake

Mtengo wa Insuman base pamtunda wa Russia umachokera ku ruble 765,00 rubles 1,585.

Ngati ndi kotheka, titha kugwirizanitsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mtsogolo ntchito zina za Insuman Bazal analogues. Amakhala ofanana kapangidwe kake komanso kutalika kwa zochita. Mulinso zochokera mu insulin ya anthu, kuphatikiza kwa ochulukitsa ena.

Analogs of Insuman Bazal ndi:

1. Protafan TM, kupanga - Denmark. Hypoglycemic iyi ikhoza kugulidwa pamtengo wa 850 rubles mpaka 985 rubles.
2. Rinsulin NPH, kupanga - Russia. Chida ichi chimapezeka m'mabotolo ndi ma cartridge, mutha kugula pamtengo wa ma ruble 400 mpaka ma ruble 990.
3. Humulin NPH, Production - USA. M'mafakitale mumatha kupezeka pamtengo wa ma ruble a 150-400.