Matebulo a Cholesterol a Akazi ndi Amuna

Kafukufuku wambiri watsimikizira kuti chizolowezi cha cholesterol yamagazi ndichofunikira popewa matenda amtima. Moyo wathu komanso zakudya zapakati pa zaka zapakati zimakhudza thanzi lathu ukalamba. Anthu omwe ali ndi zaka 55, omwe akhala ndi cholesterol yambiri kwa zaka zopitilira khumi, ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kukanika mtima kawiri kuposa anzawo, omwe adasunga cholesterol yawo nthawi zonse. Cholesterol ndi gawo lofunikira la magazi athu. Mlingo wake umatengera zinthu zambiri: zaka, jenda komanso chikhalidwe. Ganizirani zomwe zikuwonetsedwa kukhala zofunikira, komanso momwe mungazikwaniritsire.

Mitundu ya Cholesterol

Cholesterol ndi gawo limodzi lakhoma la maselo, ilipo m'thupi la nyama zonse. Pulogalamuyi ndiyofunikira pomanga ma membrane am'mimba, kaphatikizidwe ka bile acid ndi vitamini D. Amathandizanso pakupanga mahomoni ambiri: estrogen, cortisol, testosterone ndi ena. Ambiri mwa cholesterol (75-80%) amapangidwa m'thupi lathu. Ndi chakudya amabwera osapitirira 20%.

Cholesterol ndi mafuta ambiri osakanikirana ndi magazi a munthu. Kuti zitsimikizire kayendedwe kake kudzera m'matumbo kupita ku maselo onse amthupi, chilengedwe chapereka mapuloteni ena onyamula omwe amapanga zovuta ndi cholesterol - lipoproteins.

Matenda a shuga ndi kupsinjika kudzakhala chinthu chakale

• Matenda a shuga -95%
• Kuthetsa kwa mitsempha thrombosis - 70%
• Kuthetsa kwa kugunda kwamtima kwamphamvu -90%
• Kuthana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi - 92%
• Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu masana, kukonza kugona usiku -97%

Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma lipoproteins:

1. Mlingo wochepa (LDL mwachidule, LDL ikhoza kuwonetsedwa pakuwunika). Ichi ndi cholesterol, chomwe chimakhudza mitsempha ya magazi, mikhalidwe yake imatchedwa "yoyipa." Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, LDL imawonongeka mosavuta, cholesterol imakhazikika pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi ndikupanga zolembera pa iwo. Kukwera kwambiri kwa LDL kupitilira muyeso, kulimbikira kwambiri kusintha kwa atherosulinotic.
2. Kutalika kwakukulu (kofupikitsidwa ngati HDL, mu HDL assays). Ichi ndi "cholesterol" chabwino. Sikuti amangopanga mapangidwe a atherosselotic, komanso amamenya nawo: yeretsani cholesterol yoyipa kuchokera kumakoma amitsempha, pambuyo pake amachotsedwa m'magazi ndi chiwindi. Ngati HDL ili yabwinobwino, zotengera zimakhala zathanzi.

Ma cholesterol athunthu m'magazi sapereka chidziwitso chokwanira choweruza mavuto azaumoyo. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuwonetsetsa pakati pa mitundu iwiriyi. Kuphwanya malire kumeneku kumatchedwa dyslipidemia. Palibe kwenikweni zizindikiro za dyslipidemia, zimatha kupezeka mu labotale. Pachifukwa ichi, kuyezetsa magazi a biochemical "Lipids", "Lipidogram" kapena "mbiri ya Lipid".

Nthawi zina, kupatuka panjira kumatha kuganiziridwa ngati munthu ali ndi xanthomas - timinofu ting'onoting'ono ta chikasu. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka pansi pa khungu m'manja, kumapazi, m'maso, kuzungulira maso. M'mavuto akulu, cholesterol imayikidwa m'mphepete mwa cornea ya diso, ndikupanga mkombero wowala.

Miyezo yokhazikitsidwa

Kuti tidziwe kuti ndi cholesterol iti ya magazi yomwe ili ndi thanzi labwino, tinayenera kuyesa odwala ambiri. Ubale unapezeka pakati pa izi ndi zaka, jenda, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, mtundu wake, komanso ngakhale nyengo:

1. Zomwe zimachitika mwa akulu ndizochuluka kuposa achinyamata ndi ana.
2. Mukakalamba, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumawonjezeka, pamene chiwopsezo cha ma mtima a m'magazi chikukula. Komanso, cholesterol mwa amuna muukalamba imakhala yotsika, ndipo mwa akazi imakula mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo.
3. Mitengo yabwinobwino mwa amayi achichepere imakwezeka kuposa amuna. Komabe, ali ndi chiopsezo chocheperako cha atherosulinosis, chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe a mahomoni achikazi.
4. Ngati kuphatikizika kwa mahomoni kumavulala, mwachitsanzo, ndi hypothyroidism, chizolowezi cha cholesterol chidzaposa.
5. Mwa amayi apakati komanso gawo lachiwiri la kusintha kwa msambo, cholesterol imakhala yocheperako kuposa masiku onse.
6. Ndi kuyambika kwa kusintha kwa kubereka, cholesterol mwa akazi imakwera kwambiri.
7. M'nyengo yozizira, ziwerengero muzogonana zonse zimakwera pafupifupi 3%.
8. Azungu ali ndi cholesterol yokwera pang'ono kuposa anthu aku Asia.

Ndikosatheka kutsata maubwenzi ovuta chonchi, chifukwa chake ndichikhalidwe m'mabizinesi kuyerekezera zotsatirazo ndi matebulo osavuta omwe amaganizira zaka zokha kapena zaka komanso jenda. Magawo awiri a muyeso angagwiritsidwe ntchito: mmol / l; mg / dl. 1 mg / dl = 38.5 mmol / L.

Chitsanzo cha tebulo lotere ndi zaka:

Makhalidwe abwino abwinobwino kwa achikulire ndi osaposa 7 mmol / L (270 mg / dl) kwa cholesterol yonse, 5 mmol / L (≈200 mg / dl) ya "koyipa".

Chonde dziwani kuti tebulo likuwonetsanso malire am'munsi mwa zikhalidwe. Kuperewera kwa mafuta m'thupi kumakhala kochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwake, koma sikuwopsa. Kuperewera kwa lipoproteins kumakhala kowopsa mumitsempha, kumatha kukhudza mayendedwe amakulu a mahomoni ndi kusintha kwa maselo. Zomwe zimayambitsa kuphwanya izi ndi matenda osachiritsika, kuvulala kwambiri, kuchepa magazi, mankhwala (mahomoni ena, ma immunomodulators, antidepressants).

Nthawi zonse kwa amuna

Angina pectoris, kugunda kwa mtima ndi matenda ena amtima wam'mbuyomu amadziwika kuti ndi amuna. Mukugonana kolimba, ubale pakati pa cholesterol yayikulu ndi atherosulinosis umawoneka bwino kuposa azimayi. Zizindikiro wamba mwa abambo ndizotsika muunyamata, pambuyo pa zaka 30 zimachuluka kwambiri.

Zambiri pazofunikira zovomerezeka za lipoprotein zimasonkhanitsidwa pagome:

Nthawi zonse kwa akazi

Muyeso wa cholesterol m'mwazi wa akazi, zambiri pazaka zimaperekedwa:

Zinali zovuta kwambiri kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa lipoprotein mwa amayi, popeza kudumphira kwakumadzi kwakasinthidwe kumakhudza kwambiri mafuta a cholesterol. Pamodzi ndi kuyamba kwa kusintha kwa kubereka, mawonekedwe a lipid amayamba kuvuta kwambiri. Ngati kusintha kwa kubereka kumachitika chifukwa cha opareshoni, zosinthazo zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri.

Kwa azimayi amsinkhu wobala, ubale wapakati pa cholesterol yamagazi ndi matenda amtima umawonetsedwa bwino kuposa amayi achikulire, chifukwa chake, zikhalidwe za tebulo ndizovuta. Komanso, kuchepa kwa HDL kwa amayi achichepere kumawerengedwa kuti ndi koyipa kuposa kuchuluka kwa LDL.

Nthawi zonse kwa ana

Ma lipids am'magazi nthawi zambiri amatsitsidwa m'mabanja amodzi. Udindo wofunikira mu izi umachitika ndi moyo wapafupi komanso zizolowezi, zakudya zomwezo. Komabe, pali chinthu chobadwa nacho. Chibadwa chimadziwika ndi chomwe chinachititsa kuti dyslipidemia ichitike kuchokera kwa kholo kupita kwa mwana.

Theka la ana omwe adalandira majini osalongosoka kuchokera kwa m'modzi mwa makolo amakhala ndi mafuta m'thupi akadzakula. Nthawi zambiri amatha kukhala ndi matenda amtima wazaka 65.

Njira yovuta kwambiri ndiyo kupeza kudziwiratu kwa makolo onse nthawi imodzi. Pankhaniyi, kupatuka kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kuchokera ku nthawi zonse kumapezeka kale kuubwana, kulowetsedwa kwa myocardial kumatha kuchitika akadali aang'ono.

Ngati mmodzi mwa makolo ali ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwa lipids zam'magazi, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ana onse azichita mayeso.

Kodi cholesterol iyenera kukhala yotani kwa ana:

Gulu lamavuto

Kukula kwakukulu kwa cholesterol "yoyipa" m'magazi a anthu ndi chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo:

1. Zaka za zaka 45 kwa amuna, 55 kwa akazi.
2. Kupanikizika kowonjezereka (kumtunda kwa ≥ 140) kapena kuthamanga kwachilendo ndikumagwiritsa ntchito mosalekeza mankhwala a antihypertensive.
3. Chulukani munthawi ya cholesterol "yabwino" mpaka 1 mmol / l ndi pansipa. Pano ubale wosokonekera umawonedwa: ngati HDL ndi yokwera kuposa 1.6, munthu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi cholesterol yabwinobwino LDL.
4. Kusuta, uchidakwa.
5. Heredity: adatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa cholesterol mwa makolo, kupezeka kwa mtima wamatenda a ana osaposa zaka 60.
6. Kupezeka kwa matenda: hypothyroidism, matenda a shuga, matenda a ndulu.
7. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwakanthawi mankhwala omwe amachulukitsa cholesterol yamagazi: Mao inhibitors, okodzetsa, interferon, ndi zina zambiri.
8. Miyezo yambiri yaz nyama zomwe zimakwezedwa.
9. Ntchito yopuma, ntchito zochepa, odwala ogona.
10. Kunenepa kwambiri
11. Kupsinjika kwapafupipafupi, kukhudzika kopitilira muyeso kwa ngakhale omwe akukwiyitsa pang'ono.

Njira za Cholesterol Normalization

Odwala omwe akupatuka kwa lipoproteins kuchokera ku chizolowezi amapatsidwa mayeso ozama. Onetsetsani kuti mwapereka magazi pamagawo a cholesterol kuti mupeze mitundu iti yomwe idakhudza kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yonse. Pa gawo lachiwiri, matenda omwe amatha kuthana ndi cholesterol yamagazi samachotsedwa. Kuti muchite izi, chitani KLA, kusanthula kwachilengedwe: magazi a shuga, mapuloteni onse, uric acid, creatinine, TSH. Ngati matenda oyambanso azindikiridwa, amathandizidwa.

Cholesterol imatheka mu njira ziwiri.: Kusintha kwamoyo ndi mankhwala omwe amatsitsa LDL, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala. Ma Statins ali ndi mankhwala osavulaza. Amakhala ndi zotsutsana zambiri, zosasangalatsa zoyipa. Chifukwa chake, choyambirira, amayamba ndi chithandizo chosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a dyslipidemia, ndipo pokhapokha chifukwa chosagwiritsa ntchito njirazi, ma statins amapangidwanso.

Njira zokwaniritsira LDL yachilendo m'magazi:

1. Kuthetsa kwathunthu kwa kusuta kwachangu ndi kupewetsa kungokhala kwa utsi wambiri (kupuma utsi). Kukana mowa.
2. Malangizo kukonza kwa kuthamanga.
3. Kuchepetsa thupi kunenepa ndikumachepetsa kudya kwa calorie.
4. Katundu, nthawi zonse mumlengalenga kapena m'malo opatsa mpweya wabwino. Mtundu ndi mtundu wa maphunziro umatsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala, poganizira matenda omwe alipo.
5. Zakudya zotsitsa lipid.

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