Glucose wotsika sakhala wamba monga mkhalidwe wa hyperglycemia. Chifukwa chiyani shuga amatsika? Zowonadi, ngakhale zitakhala kuti zizindikiro zikukula kapena kutsika, mkhalidwewo ungakhale chifukwa cha kukula kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zolengedwa ndi zolephera mu ntchito yolumikizana ya thupi.
Dontho la shuga m'magazi nthawi zambiri limachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga. Matendawa amatchedwa hypoglycemia mu terminology yamankhwala. Ndi chitukuko chake, maselo onse amthupi samalandira zakudya zofunikira, zomwe zimakhudza njira zoyipa za metabolic zomwe zikupitilira. Mkhalidwe wovuta womwe umayambitsa kutsika kwamphamvu kwa shuga ndi kuperewera kwa hypoglycemic.
Ndiye chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala Zizindikiro zomwe zikukula ndikupewanso zomwe zingayambitse kufa ndi shuga kwa munthu wathanzi. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zambiri hypoglycemia imadziwonetsa mu odwala matenda a shuga, chifukwa chotsatira njira zosayenera za mankhwala kapena kulephera kutsatira malangizo a katswiri.
Pali zizindikiro zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi a shuga atulukire. Izi zimaphatikizapo thukuta lomwe limakulirakulira, kumangokhalira kumva njala, tachycardia wopanda pake, chizungulire champhamvu, limodzi ndi kufooka kwa thupi komanso kutopa kosalekeza. Kuphatikiza apo, kufooka kapena kunjenjemera m'miyendo kumatha kuchitika. Mkhalidwe wamalingaliro ukusinthanso. Munthu amakhala wokwiya kapena wankhanza (nthawi zina, m'malo mwake, boma losakhazikika ndi lokhumudwa limakhala), limakhala ndi nkhawa komanso mantha nthawi zonse.
Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwa shuga?
Chifukwa chiyani shuga amatsika kwambiri?
Zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwa shuga kungakhale chiwerengero chachikulu.
Hypoglycemia imatha kuchitika chifukwa chokhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zosagwirizana ndi mankhwala.
Zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko chake ndizophatikiza:
- kuchuluka kwa timadzi tating'onoting'ono timene timatulutsa m'thupi la munthu;
- kulakwitsa kwa pituitary kapena adrenal cortex;
- Njira zosayenera kagayidwe kachakudya mafuta chiwindi;
- kukula kwa matenda a shuga, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi spikes lakuthwa mu shuga;
- Kudziletsa kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kudya kapena kusala ndi chakudya kumakhala chodetsa nkhawa kwambiri pakudya.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti nthawi zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zina mwa munthu (kuphatikiza hypoglycemia) ndimaganizo amunthu. Mavuto osiyanasiyana amisala komanso zochitika zina zovuta zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndikumachepetsa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zingayambitse kutsika kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi kumwa kwambiri zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Mwa anthu omwe amadalira mowa, mkhalidwe wa hypoglycemia ndiwofikira kwambiri.
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso ndi zina mwa zinthu zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi. Gululi lomwe lili ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha hypoglycemia limaphatikizapo omwe akuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi olimbitsa thupi (ochulukirapo) ndi anthu omwe ntchito zawo zimagwirizana ndi zolimbitsa thupi. Pofuna kupewa kutsika kwa shuga, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya zanu komanso kupeza nthawi yosunga mphamvu m'thupi lanu.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ngati pituitary gland ndi matenda a chiwindi asokonekera, chakudya chamthupi m'thupi chimachepa, chomwe chimakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa glucose ndikupangitsa kutsika kwakukulu. Ngati pali matenda oopsa a chiwindi, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya zanu, kupewa kudumphira chakudya komanso kusala kudya. Kupanda kutero, boma la hypoglycemic ndilosatheka kupewa.
Zina mwazifukwa zomwe zimathandizira kukulitsa kwa hypoglycemia zimaphatikizapo kuchitapo kanthu kwa opaleshoni pamimba. Nthawi zambiri, kutsika kwa shuga kumadziwonekera pakokha panthawi yakukonzanso, makamaka ngati chithandizo chamankhwala sichinatsatidwe. Shuga omwe amalowa mthupi amayamba kulowetsedwa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mahomoni azitulutsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi vuto la hypoglycemia.
Chochitika chosowa kwambiri mwa akulu ndikuwonetsa kwa yogwira hypoglycemia. Izi zimadziwika ndi kutsika kwakuthwa komanso kwakukuru mu mulingo wa shuga m'magazi a anthu. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti makamaka ana aang'ono (mpaka chaka chimodzi) amadwala matendawa. Zakudya zokhala ndi fructose ndi lactose sizimalola chiwindi kuti chingapatse shuga. Nawonso kudya kwa leucine kumakwiyitsa kapamba kuti apange insulini yambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga asamayende bwino m'thupi la mwana.
Kodi chimayambitsa matenda a shuga ndi chiyani?
Mu shuga mellitus, kukula kwa hypoglycemia kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya kapena kusatsata malamulo a mankhwala ochepetsa shuga.
Machitidwe a hypoglycemic omwe amapezeka m'thupi amathandizira kuoneka ngati akusokoneza magwiridwe antchito amthupi.
Pokhapokha ngati pali chithandizo choyenera, vuto la hypoglycemic lingayambitse kukomoka komanso kufa.
Nthawi zambiri, madontho akuthwa m'magawo a shuga m'magayidwe ashuga amachitika:
- Kuchuluka kwa insulin. Izi zimadziwonetsera, chifukwa cha milingo yosankhidwa bwino ya mankhwalawa, kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa magazi a nyumba, kapena kusagwira kwa cholembera.
- Palinso zolakwika zachipatala pomwe katswiri wa zamankhwala amasankha molakwika wodwala mankhwala ake kapena akuwalimbikitsa kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga pamitunda yayitali.
- Nthawi zina, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena ndi mtundu wina wa hypoglycemic kungayambitsenso kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa shuga.
- Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana (makamaka, chiwindi kapena kulephera kwa impso), kuyang'anitsitsa pang'onopang'ono kwa insulin ya mahomoni kungawonedwe. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kwa mankhwalawa kumakhala kofunikira pagulu la odwala ndipo nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kukula kwa hypoglycemia.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kapena yayikulu mankhwala ochokera ku gulu la zotumphukira za sulfonylurea. Mukamapangira mankhwala achire, muyenera kukumbukira kuti mankhwalawa angayambitse kuchepa kwa glucose.
- Kwa odwala omwe amapatsidwa mankhwala a insulin, ndikofunikira kuti muphunzire malamulo onse mosamala ndi kayendetsedwe koyenera ka mankhwala. Chimodzi mwa zolakwitsa zazikulu zomwe zimatsogolera ku hypoglycemia ndiko kukhazikitsa insulin intramuscularly. Potere, mahomoni amayenera kuperekedwa kokha pakhungu. Kuphatikiza apo, kukonza maselo a jekeseni kumathandizanso kusokoneza shuga ndikuwatsitsa pansi pofunikira.
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri m'matenda a shuga (makamaka pamimba yopanda kanthu) kungayambitse mkhalidwe wa hypoglycemia wodwala matenda ashuga. Kukhala ndi moyo wogwira ntchito ndikofunikira kwa munthu aliyense, kuphatikiza matenda ashuga, kuchuluka ndi kutalika kwa katunduyu ndizomwe ziyenera kusankhidwa bwino.
- Kulephera kutsatira zakudya komanso zosemphana ndi zakudya zoyambira.
- Odwala omwe amadalira insulin amayenera kusankha mosamala mlingo wa mankhwala osakhalitsa malinga ndi mphamvu ya mbale zomwe zimayenera kudya. Nthawi zambiri mulingo woyipa wa insulin ndi chakudya chochepa cha mafuta omwe amalandiridwa panthawi ya chakudya zimapangitsa kuti magazi a shuga achepe.
- Zakumwa zoledzeretsa zimatha kuchepa kwambiri m'magazi m'thupi.
- Mkhalidwe wa malabsorption.
- M'nyengo yotentha (makamaka pakutentha), pakhoza kukhala zochitika zambiri za chitukuko cha hypoglycemia.
Pali mankhwala omwe amatha kukulitsa kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa shuga, omwe nthawi zambiri amayambitsa hypoglycemia. Mankhwala akuluakulu omwe angayambitse kutsika kwa shuga (osaphatikizidwa ndi gulu la mankhwala a hypoglycemic) ndi awa:
- antibacterial mankhwala ochokera ku gulu la sulfonamides;
- mowa wa ethyl;
- amphetamine (mankhwala osokoneza bongo);
- mankhwala ena a anticholesterol (fibrate);
- Pentoxifylline ankakonda kuchiza matenda amitsempha;
Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala a cytostatic omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa kapena rheumatism angayambitse kutsika kwa shuga m'thupi.
Kodi glucose angafanizidwe bwanji?
Ndi shuga wamagazi ochepetsedwa, adokotala ayenera, kupereka mankhwala enieni a zakudya.
Chakudya chapadera chimathandizira kubwezeretsa mulingo wazakudya mthupi ndipo chimalimbitsa thupi ndi mavitamini komanso michere yofunika.
Zakudya zochizira matenda a shuga ziyenera kutengera mbali zomwe wodwalayo ali nazo, poganizira zovuta ndi matenda, kuchuluka kwa Hypoglycemia komanso kuchuluka kwa wodwalayo.
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zomwe mukuzilingalira mukapanga menyu watsiku ndi tsiku:
- Ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kudya zovuta zamankhwala. Zakudya zoterezi zimayenera kukhala zopezeka muzakudya zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku. Zakudya izi ndi ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano, pasitala wolimba ndi mkate wopanda tirigu.
- Mwa zinthu zoletsedwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito zizikhala monga pasitala wamba, zotsekemera zotsekemera ndi zinthu zophika mkate, semolina, zakumwa zoledzeretsa, zakudya zamafuta, msuzi wolemera, nyama yamafuta, zakudya zonunkhira komanso zosuta.
- Mbale za uchi ndi zipatso zimayenera kudyedwa pang'ono.
- Chiwerengero cha zakudya ziyenera kukhala zosachepera zisanu; chakudya chimatengedwa m'malo ochepa.
- Zakudya zoyenera za nyemba, chimanga ndi mbatata m'matumba awo, chifukwa zimathandizira kuchepetsa kukula kwa shuga m'magazi am'magazi, otengedwa ndi thupi la munthu kuchokera ku zovuta zam'mimba.
- Zipatso zosanenedwa ziyenera kukhalapo pakudya. Nthawi yomweyo, zonse zatsopano komanso zouma ndizabwino.
- Mapuloteni ndibwino kudya mumtundu wa tchizi wopanda mafuta ambiri komanso nkhuku, nsomba kapena nsomba zam'nyanja.
- Zoyenera, khofi iyenera kutayidwa kapena kuchepetsedwa pang'ono. Chowonadi ndi chakuti caffeine imalimbikitsa kukula kwa hypoglycemia ndipo imatha kupangitsa shuga.
Menyu imayenera kupangidwa mwanjira yoti osachepera kangapo pa sabata pamakhala msuzi kapena msuzi wa nyama odedwa. Pali kusintha kwa kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi.
Mutha kuthetsa zizindikirazo ndikuyibwezera shuga pogwiritsa ntchito magulu otsatirawa:
- mulingo wofunikira wa glucose umaperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha kapena mankhwala am'kamwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga, popeza amalambalala gawo logaya chakudya ndipo nthawi yomweyo amalowetsa m'magazi, monga lamulo, dextrose monosaccharide imagwiritsidwa ntchito;
- kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opepuka komanso olemera mwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala;
- m'malo ovuta kwambiri, jakisoni wa glucagon angafunike ngati imodzi mwa mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri.
M'mikhalidwe yovuta, kuwuka kwadzidzidzi kwa shuga m'magazi kumafunika. Amaganiziridwa mu zoterezi kugwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wothandizidwa ndi zida zachipatala kuchokera pagulu la corticosteroids. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amaphatikiza hydrocortisone kapena adrenaline.
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi zafotokozedwa muvidiyoyi munkhaniyi.