Matenda a shuga - Kuzindikira kumawoneka ngati sentensi. Zimawopa komanso zimakupangitsani kulingaliranso malingaliro anu pa thanzi lanu ndi moyo wanu. Kuyang'ana magazi kwa shuga ndikosavuta. Koma atalandira zotsatirazi, ambiri amachita mantha ndi kuchuluka kwambiri. Mwazi wamagazi 11 chochita ndi momwe mungasungire moyo wabwino, tidzalankhula mwatsatanetsatane.
Kufunika kosanthula
Matenda a shuga a Type 2 amatha kupangitsa ana kunenepa kwambiri. Gulu lowopsa silimangokhala ndi anthu onenepa okha, komanso mafani omwe amakonda kukhala ndi nthawi pakompyuta, amadya tchipisi ndikumwa hamburger ya Coca-Cola.
Ndizowopsa kuti nthawi yoyamba yomwe matenda ashuga amtundu wachiwiri samadzipatula. Ngati shuga alibe msanga kwambiri, ndiye kuti sizowonjezereka. Koma matendawa ayamba kale kuwononga ziwalo ndipo akupita patsogolo.
Ndi "msanga" wa shuga mwa munthu, zizindikiro zowonjezera zimawonekera:
- Youma nasopharyngeal mucosa, munthu amakhala ndi ludzu nthawi zonse;
- Kukoka pafupipafupi;
- Kutupa kwa malekezero;
- Kufooka, kugona.
Akatswiri adazindikira mitundu iwiri ya matenda ashuga:
- Mtundu woyamba wa matenda umakhudzana ndi matenda a autoimmune. Matendawa amagunda kapamba, okhudza maselo a beta. Anthu odwala matenda amtundu woyamba amadalira insulin ndipo amayenera kubayira jakisoni tsiku lililonse. Matenda a mtundu woyamba nthawi zambiri amakhala obadwa ndipo amatha kudutsa majini kuchokera kwa makolo kupita kwa ana.
- Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda umapezeka. Matendawa amatha kuchitika zaka zilizonse, koma anthu ambiri atatha zaka 60 onenepa kwambiri amavutika. Tizilombo ta wodwalayo amataya chidwi chake ndi insulin, yomwe kapamba imatulutsa pamlingo wofunikira kwa munthu. Wodwala wa mtundu wachiwiri akhoza kuchita popanda jakisoni wa insulin tsiku lililonse. Mankhwalawa amasankhidwa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Zipatala zambiri zimapereka mayeso padera pa glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C). Iyi ndi njira yamakono yozindikirira yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wodziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'miyezi itatu yapitayi.
Pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala, dotolo awona kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi omwe amaphatikizidwa kale ndi glucose chifukwa chosasintha. Mokulira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kumakhala kovuta kwambiri ndikuwanyalanyaza mawonekedwe a matendawa. Zotsatira zakuwunikirazi sizikhudzidwa ndi zochitika zodetsa nkhawa, zolimbitsa thupi kapena kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi masiku aposachedwa.
Mkhalidwe wamkati kapena ululu wammbuyo
Magazi amatengedwa kuchokera mu mtsempha kuti azindikire kuchuluka kwa shuga. Ndondomeko ikuchitika m'mawa pa chopanda kanthu m'mimba. Nthawi zambiri, shuga wamwazi sayenera kupitirira 5, 6 mmol / L. Chotsekeracho chimawerengedwa ngati chizindikiro cha 7.0 mmol / L.
Gome likuwonetsa zomwe matendawa amapezeka ndi matendawa:
| Makhalidwe | Mlingo wa shuga pamimba yopanda kanthu, mmol / l | Maola 2 mutatsitsa, mmol / l | HbA1C,% |
| Chizindikiro | 3,5-5,5 | Zochepera 7.8 | Zosakwana 6.5% |
| Hyperglycemia | 5,6-6,9 | 7,8-11,0 | Zosakwana 6.5% |
| Matenda a shuga | Choposa kapena chofanana ndi 7.0 | Chachikulu kuposa kapena chofanana ndi 11, 1 | Zoposa kapena zofanana ndi 6.5% |
Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga za kuchuluka kwa shuga ndizowopsa. Makhalidwe osala kudya a 5.6-6.9 mmol / L amadziwika kuti ndi abwinobwino, koma ali pamwambamwamba. Wodwalayo ali m'mavuto osaneneka ndipo amafunikira chithandizo.
Ngati, pansi paofesi ya carbohydrate, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kukwera mpaka 7.8-11.0 mmol / l, ndiye kuti kulekerera kwa glucose kumapezeka. Pa mulingo wa 11.0 mmol / L wa wodwala, shuga mellitus amalekanitsa kuchuluka kwa glucose a 0,1 mmol / L kuchokera kuzindikiritso. Pa 11.1 mmol / L, matenda a shuga amapezeka.
Kuti muwonetsetsetsetsetsetsetsetsetse, mayeso amapatsidwa nthawi zina ziwiri. Kulemba mobwerezabwereza kumathandizira kuthana ndi nkhawa za hyperglycemia. Pamavuto, kupsinjika kwa wodwala kumadumpha kamodzi. Komanso, mankhwala ena ndikumwa tiyi wokhala ndi shuga m'mawa atha kupereka mayankho.
Mankhwala
Ndi zizindikiro za 11.0 mmol / l, wodwalayo akulimbikitsidwa kuti ayang'anenso machitidwe ake azakudya ndi moyo. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndi Metformin. Mankhwalawa amathandizira kuthana ndi kunenepa kwambiri komanso kuchepetsa matenda a shuga.
Ine
mankhwala othandizira omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za 11.0 mmol / l amasankhidwa ndi dokotala. Mankhwalawa aledzera kumapeto, pomwe zakudya ndi Cardio sizisokoneza.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kumwa nokha mankhwalawo, osavomerezeka ndi dokotala.
Chilichonse chimakhala ndi zake komanso ma contraindication, omwe amayenera kukumbukiridwa mu chithunzi cha anthu.
Choyamba, zotumphukira za sulfonylurea zimalembedwa. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amathandiza kapamba kupanga insulini. Kuti mumvetsetse bwino mahomoni mu minofu yofewa, biguanides amapatsidwa wodwala. Ndipo zolepheretsa zimamaliza zovuta, zomwe zimachepetsa kuyamwa kwa chakudya chamafuta m'mimba.
Mwa zina mwa mankhwala odziwika bwino a matenda ashuga odwala matenda ashuga ndi awa:
- NovoNorm, Amaril, Diabeteson. Mankhwalawa ali ndi zovuta zingapo, mlingo wake umayendetsedwa ndi adokotala.
- Glucophage, Actos, Glucophage. Amawonjezera kukhudzika kwa minofu yofewa kwa hormone insulin.
- Kuchokera othandizira, Polyphepan ndi Glucobai ndi othandiza.
Mapiritsi a Siofor amatengedwa m'mawa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Kuthandiza ngati matendawa akula limodzi ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Wodwalayo wawonjezera njira za metabolic, zimathandizira kusweka kwa minofu yamafuta. Mankhwala othandiza kuphatikiza ndi zakudya zama calorie ochepa.
Zakudya monga achire miyeso
Ndi matenda asanakwane matenda ashuga komanso shuga okwana 11.0 mmol / L, zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zochepa zimakhala zolimbikitsa kwa wodwalayo. Popanda chithandizo komanso kudya moyenera, matenda a shuga amapezeka mwa wodwala nthawi yochepa kwambiri.
Kutsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa, tikulimbikitsidwa kugawanitsa zinthu zonse m'magulu atatu:
- Zololedwa;
- Zololedwa zochepa. (Mutha kudya ngati mukufuna, koma osapitirira 50-100 g);
- Zoletsedwa.
Gulu lolola limagwera: masamba, tiyi ndi timadziti topanda shuga. Kusiyana pakati pa masamba ndi mbatata, zakudya zam'madzi, mkaka wowawasa wopanda mafuta (tchizi tchizi, kefir, mkaka wowotchera).
Zololedwa koma zoperewera zimaphatikizapo mkate wa rye, chimanga, nyama yodula (ng'ombe, bere la nkhuku, nkhuku, nyama ya kalulu), zinthu zamkaka zokhala ndi mafuta osakwana 1.5%, tchizi zolimba zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta osakwana 30%, mtedza.
Gulu loletsedwa limaphatikizapo: confectionery, shuga, ufa wa tirigu, zinthu zosuta, mayonesi, kirimu wowawasa, batala, nandolo, nyemba, nkhumba, chokoleti, uchi, zakumwa zoledzeletsa zakumwa ndi shuga.
Amaloledwa kumwa vinyo wofiira wowuma kamodzi pa sabata. Vinyo wofiira wachilengedwe amalimbikitsa hemoglobin ndipo amatulutsa kagayidwe kachakudya mthupi.
Ngati mukufuna chokoleti, ndiye kuti mungathe kudya kagawo kamodzi ka mataipi owawa. Koma kulola zofooka zoterezi sikuloledwa kuposa kamodzi pamwezi. Chenjezo liyenera kumwedwa ndi zipatso zotsekemera: nthochi, mapeyala. Chakudyacho chimathandizidwa ndi apulosi wobiriwira komanso makangaza.
Zakudya zochokera kuzakudya zovomerezeka zimakonzedwa ndikuwotcha kapena kuphika mu uvuni, osawonjezera mafuta amasamba. Mukamaphika mbewu monga chimanga, mapepala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo sagwiritsa ntchito. Mafuta athunthu amathandizira kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa thupi ndikuwongolera ntchito yamatumbo: buckwheat, mpunga wa bulauni, ndi oats.
Makinawa adapangidwa kuti chakudya chizitenga maola atatu aliwonse. Kupereka chakudya sikuyenera kupitirira 150 g. Chakudya chomaliza sichimatha 18-00. Mpaka 20-00 imaloledwa kukhutitsa njala ndi kapu ya kefir yamafuta ochepa kapena apulo.
Pamodzi ndi zakudya, ndikulimbikitsidwa kusaina kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Koma musapereke mitolo yayikulu nthawi yomweyo. Pongoyambira, kuyenda pamtunda wolimbitsa thupi ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumaloledwa.
Ngati magazi a m'magazi ndi 11.0 mmol / L, ndiye kuti mita ya shuga yamagazi imagulidwa. Chipangizocho chikuthandizira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kutengera chithandizo chamankhwala ndi zakudya zama calorie ochepa, zizindikiro za kusala ziyenera kukhala zabwinobwino osati zopitilira 5.5 mmol / L.
