Humulin, mankhwala a insulin omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa shuga wa plasma, ndi mankhwala ofunikira kwa anthu odwala matenda a shuga. Muli insulin yothandizanso ngati munthu yogwira ntchito - 1000 IU pa 1 ml. Amatumizidwa kwa odwala omwe amadalira insulin omwe amafuna jekeseni wokhazikika.
Choyamba, insulin yamtunduwu imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1, pomwe odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 omwe amathandizidwa ndi mapiritsi (nthawi yayitali mapiritsi amasiya kuthana ndi kuchepetsa magazi), sinthani majekiseni a Humulin M3 pakuvomerezedwa ndi endocrinologist.
Kodi zimapangidwa bwanji?
Humulin M3 ya jakisoni subcutaneous kapena intramuscularly imapangidwa njira yothetsera 10 ml. kwa makina a insulin kapena makatoni ogwiritsira ntchito zolembera, 1.5 kapena 3 mamililita, makapisozi asanu ali mumtundu umodzi. Makatoni angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi zolembera za syringe kuchokera ku Humapen, BD-Pen.
Mankhwalawa amathandizira kutsegulira kwa shuga m'thupi la wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali, ndipo ndi osakaniza a insulin yochepa komanso yayitali. Pambuyo kugwiritsa ntchito Humulin ndikuyambitsa thupi, imayamba kuchita theka la ola pambuyo pobayidwa, mphamvu imatha kwa maola 18-24, kutalika kwa zotsatirazi kumadalira zomwe zimachitika ndi matenda ashuga.
Zochita za mankhwalawa komanso nthawi yake zimasiyanasiyana malo a jakisoni, mlingo womwe adasankhidwa ndi adotolo, zolimbitsa thupi za wodwalayo pambuyo pakupereka mankhwala, zakudya, ndi zina zina zowonjezera.
Zochita za mankhwalawa zimakhudzana ndi kayendetsedwe ka kusweka kwa shuga m'thupi. Humulin imakhalanso ndi anabolic, chifukwa chomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga thupi.
Amasintha kayendedwe ka shuga ndi ma amino acid m'maselo a anthu, amalimbikitsa kuyambitsa kwa anabolic protein metabolism. Imalimbikitsa kusintha kwa glucose kukhala glycogen, kumalepheretsa glucogeneis, kumathandizira kusintha kwa shuga m'thupi kukhala minofu ya adipose.
Mawonekedwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuthekera kwa zotsatira zoyipa
Humulin M3 imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda osokoneza bongo a shuga.
Mwa zina zoyipa za mankhwalawa zimadziwika:
- Milandu yodumpha mu shuga pansi pazomwe zimakhazikitsidwa - hypoglycemia;
- Hypersensitivity pamagawo a mankhwala.
Nthawi zambiri amalemba milandu ya kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi atagwiritsa ntchito insulin, kuphatikizapo Humulin M3. Ngati wodwalayo ali m'mavuto akulu, kulumpha mu shuga kumapangitsa kuti akomoke, kufa ndi kufa kwa wodwalayo ndikotheka.
Pokhudzana ndi hypersensitivity, odwala amatha kukumana ndi zovuta zonse, kufiyanso, kuyabwa, komanso khungu pakhungu.
Zotsatira zoyipa zambiri sizimapita pazokhazokha, kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwirizana ndi Humulin. Matendawa amatha kuchoka patatha masiku angapo jekeseni woyamba wa mankhwalawa pakhungu, nthawi zina chizolowezi chimachedwa mpaka sabata zingapo.
Odwala ena, matupi awo sagwirizana ndi mwachilengedwe, motero amakhala ndi zotsatirapo zowopsa kwambiri:
- Maonekedwe a mavuto a kupuma;
- Tachycardia;
- Dontho lakuthwa mu kupsinjika ndi kufooka kwathupi lathupi;
- Maonekedwe ofupika ndikupumira thukuta;
- Kuyabwa kofananako pakhungu.
Nthawi zina, kusintha kwa thupi kumabweretsa chiopsezo pamoyo wa anthu komanso thanzi, chifukwa chake, ngati zizindikiro zomwe tafotokozazi zikuwoneka, ndikofunika kupempha thandizo kuchipatala msanga. Vutoli limathetsedwa ndikusintha insulin imodzi ndikukonzekera ina.
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito
Sizoletsedwa kupaka insulin pokonzekera, jakisoni amapangidwira kokha.
Lingaliro la kugwiritsa ntchito insulin limapangidwa ndi adokotala, pomwe jekeseni ndi pafupipafupi pakukhazikitsa mankhwalawa amasankhidwa payekhapayekha kwa wodwala aliyense, mlingo umadalira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a wodwala.
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa insulin kumachitika mu chipatala moyang'aniridwa ndi endocrinologist ndi muyeso wopitilira muyeso wamagazi kuzungulira wotchi.
Pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito koyamba, adokotala amalankhula za njira zoperekera insulin, komanso malo omwe angathe, nthawi zina, kuyikiridwa kwa mankhwalawa kwakuloledwa.
Mankhwalawa amalowetsedwa m'mimba, matako, m'chiuno kapena m'mapewa. Ndikofunikira kuti musinthe nthawi ndi nthawi malo a jakisoni kuti mupewe kukula kwa lipodystrophy. Kuchita mwachangu kwambiri kwa insulin kumachitika pambuyo pa jakisoni m'mimba.
Kutengera ndi kutalika kwa singano, insulin imayendetsedwa mosiyanasiyana:
- Singano zazifupi (4-5 mm) - pakona madigiri 90 mwa kuyambitsa mwachindunji popanda kukwirira pakhungu;
- Singano zapakatikati (6-8 mm) - pakona madigiri 90, khola limapangidwa pakhungu;
- Kutalika (kupitirira 8 mm) - pamakona madigiri 45 ndi khola pakhungu.
Kusankha koyenera kwamakona kumakupatsani mwayi wopewa kukonzekera kwa insulin. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga okhala ndi mbiri yakale ya matendawa amagwiritsa ntchito singano zoposa 12 mm, pomwe kuli koyenera kuti ana apange jakisoni ndi singano zosaposa 4-5 mm.
Mukagwira jakisoni, musalole kuti singano ilowe m'mitsempha yamagazi, apo ayi, kuphulika kungachitike pamalo a jekeseni. Kuwononga tsamba la jakisoni sikuloledwa.
Mankhwala Humulin M3 - chisakanizo cha insulin Humulin NPH ndi Humulin pafupipafupi, ndizothandiza chifukwa sizifunikira kuti wodwalayo azikonzekera payekha asanagwiritse ntchito.
Musanagwiritse ntchito, vial kapena cartridge yokhala ndi insulin iyenera kukonzedwa - imapakidwa mosamala m'manja nthawi pafupifupi 10 ndikukutembenuka kangapo madigiri a 180, izi zimakupatsani mwayi woyimitsidwa. Ngati, atatha kusakaniza kwa nthawi yayitali, mankhwalawo samakhala opanda pake komanso maonekedwe oyera oyera akuwoneka, insulini idachepa.
Musagwedezere insulin yayitali kwambiri mwachangu, chifukwa izi zidzakuthandizani kuti mupange chithovu ndipo zingakuthandizeni kupewa kusankha mankhwalawo.
Mukangokonzekera lokha, tsamba la jakisheni limakonzedwa. Wodwala ayenera kusamba m'manja mokwanira, kuchitira jakisoni ndi kupukuta kwapadera kwaukali, izi ndizosavuta kupeza ku pharmacy iliyonse.
Kuchuluka kwa insulin kumakokedwa mu syringe (ngati cholembera chikagwiritsidwa ntchito, mlingo umasankhidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chosinthika), kapu yoteteza imachotsedwa ndipo jakisoni amapangidwa khungu. Osatulutsa singano mwachangu kwambiri, tsamba la jekeseni pambuyo pa jakisoni liyenera kukanikizidwa ndi chopukutira.
Bongo
Palibe chinthu ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo a gulu la insulin, popeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi sikungodalira insulin kokha, komanso njira zina za metabolic. Pankhaniyi, kuyambitsa kumwa kwa mankhwala omwe amapezeka kuposa omwe adokotala amapeza kungayambitse matenda owopsa mthupi mpaka kufika pakufa.
Pakakhala mlingo wosankhidwa bwino kapena vuto pakati pa insulin yomwe ili m'magazi am'magazi ndi kuwononga mphamvu m'thupi la munthu, hypoglycemia imayamba kukhazikika, shuga akapanda kutsegulidwa panthawi, imatha kukhala mpungwepungwe.
Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zimawerengedwa:
- Lethargy ndi kufooka kwathunthu kwa thupi mwa wodwala;
- Zotsatira
- Kutukwana
- Kukula kwa khungu;
- Kusanza ndi kusanza;
- Kutha kwa chikumbumtima;
- Kudzanjenjemera, makamaka m'miyendo;
- Kumva njala.
Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera kutalika kwa matenda ashuga, odwala ena samamvanso zonena za shuga m'magazi. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zikaonekera, ndikofunika kumwa shuga kapena shuga.
Ndi hypoglycemia wolimbitsa, jakisoni wa glucose komanso kumwa mafuta amapangidwa. Pankhani yodwalayo wodwala, ali ndi chisokonezo, kukhumudwa komanso chikomokere, glucose imagrate imayendetsedwa. Kuti abwezeretse vutoli, wodwalayo akuwonetsedwa kuti azidya zakudya zamafuta ambiri.
Ngati hypoglycemia idalembedwa mobwerezabwereza, ndikofunikira kusintha mlingo wa mankhwala omwe adokotala amupatsa, onaninso zakudya zanu ndikusintha zolimbitsa thupi.
Migwirizano yogulitsa ndikusunga
Mutha kugula insulin mukafamu ya mankhwala ngati muli ndi mankhwala ovomerezeka kuchokera kwa dokotala.
Ndikofunika kusunga mankhwalawo mufiriji kutentha kwa madigiri 2 mpaka 8 Celsius, osatulutsa mankhwalawo kuzizirira, komanso kuyamwa kapena kutentha. Insulin yotseguka imatha kusungidwa pamtunda wa 15 mpaka 25 digiri kwa masiku osaposa 28.
Ngati zinthu zonse zosungirako zakwaniritsidwa, moyo wa alumali ndi zaka 3 kuyambira tsiku lopangidwa. Ndi zoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe atha, pakadali pano sichingakhudze thupi mwanjira iliyonse, pakuipitsitsa kuyambitsa poizoni wakupha kwambiri.
Musanagwiritse ntchito, ndikofunika kuchotsa Humulin M3 mufiriji mu mphindi 20-30. Jekeseni wa mankhwala ofunda firiji amachepetsa ululu.
Onetsetsani kuti nthawi yakwanira isanayambe.
Malangizo apadera
Ndi zoletsedwa kusiya kulandira chithandizo ndi insulin kapena kusintha mankhwalawo panokha, chifukwa izi zimatha kuyambitsa ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia kapena hyperglycemia ndikuwopseza moyo ndi thanzi la wodwalayo.
Kumbukirani kuti kuwunikira nthawi zonse shuga wamagazi ndikutsatira malamulo onse a jakisoni, zakudya, masewera olimbitsa thupi kungapangitse kusintha kwa zizindikiro za hypoglycemia.
Ndikofunikira kukonza mkhalidwe wa wodwala pakapita nthawi ndi kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwa shuga, apo ayi, hyperglycemia, monga hypoglycemia, imatha kutaya chikumbumtima, kukula kwa chikomokere ndi kufa.
Kusintha kuchokera ku mankhwala amodzi a Humulin NPH kupita ku analogue, komanso kusintha kwa mlingo, kumachitika mu chipatala moyang'aniridwa ndi adokotala.
Kugwiritsa bwino ntchito kwa mankhwala a insulin kungathe kusokonezeka chifukwa cha matenda a chiwindi ndi impso, komanso matenda a chithokomiro. Panthawi yovuta komanso yovuta ya wodwalayo, machitidwe a insulin amalimbikitsidwa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito Humulin M3 pa nthawi yapakati komanso yoyamwitsa
Pa nthawi yoyembekezera, azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amayenera kuyang'anira shuga wawo wamagazi. Kufunika kwa kusintha kwa insulin kutengera nthawi yomwe mayi ali ndi pakati, chifukwa chake, mkati mwa trimester yoyamba, imagwera, nthawi yachiwiri ndi yachitatu - imawonjezeka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake miyeso imafunikira jekeseni iliyonse isanachitike. Pa mimba, mlingo umatha kusinthidwa kangapo.
Kusintha kwa mankhwalawa kungafunike pakamwa. Dokotala wopezekapo amayenera kulingalira za thanzi la mayi wachichepere komanso kuchuluka kwa zolimbitsa thupi.
Mlingo wosankhidwa bwino amalola kugwiritsa ntchito Humulin M3 pochiza matenda a shuga. Malinga ndi odwala, ndi Humulin yomwe imagwira ntchito kwambiri ndipo sikuti imakhala ndi zotsatirapo zonse pazogwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kumbukirani kuti kudzipereka ndi insulin nokha kumapangidwa, chifukwa izi zimatha kupha. Kusintha kwa mlingo uliwonse komanso kusintha kwa analogues kumachitika pamaso pa adotolo ndikuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
