Metabolic syndrome - imapezeka bwanji komanso kuthandizidwa?

Kupezeka kwa zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zochuluka, zoyendera anthu, komanso ntchito zokhala panthaka zapangitsa kuti kumayiko otukuka, pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu aliwonse ali ndi vuto la metabolic. Metabolic syndrome ndi zovuta zovuta zoterezi. Amadziwika ndi kunenepa kwambiri, kuwonjezereka kwa cholesterol ndi insulin, kuwonongeka kwa magazi m'thupi kutuluka m'magazi. Odwala amakhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, kutopa kosalekeza, njala yowonjezereka.

Mapeto ake, zovuta za metabolic zimabweretsa atherosulinosis, thrombosis, matenda a shuga, matenda amtima, komanso stroko. Zikuwonetsedweratu kuti m'zaka khumi zikubwerazi, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a metabolic adzachulukanso 1.5, ndipo pagulu lakale matendawa afika 50%.

Metabolic syndrome - ndi chiyani

Kumbuyoko zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi za zana lomaliza, ubale udapezeka pakati pa onenepa kwambiri, matenda ashuga a 2, angina pectoris ndi matenda oopsa. Zinapezeka kuti zovuta izi ndizofala kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri malinga ndi mtundu wa admin, pomwe mafuta ochulukirapo amawaika kumtembo wapamwamba, makamaka m'mimba. Chakumapeto kwa ma 80s, tanthauzo lomaliza la metabolic syndrome lidapangidwa: uku ndi kuphatikiza kwa metabolic, mahomoni ndi zovuta zina, chifukwa choyambirira chomwe chinali kukana insulini ndikuwonjezera kupanga kwa insulin.

Matenda a shuga ndi kupsinjika kudzakhala chinthu chakale

• Matenda a shuga -95%
• Kuthetsa kwa mitsempha thrombosis - 70%
• Kuthetsa kwa kugunda kwamtima kwamphamvu -90%
• Kuthana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi - 92%
• Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu masana, kukonza kugona usiku -97%

Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha mahomoni, metabolic syndrome Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa amuna. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ali ndi mwayi waukulu wakufa ndi matenda amtima. Mwa akazi, chiopsezo chimachulukirachulukira pambuyo kusintha kwa kubereka, pamene kupanga kwa estrogen kumayima.

Provocateur wamkulu wa metabolic syndrome amawerengedwa kuti ndi kuwonjezeka kwa minofu kukana ndi insulin ya mahomoni. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta m'magazi, mumakhala shuga wambiri m'magazi kuposa momwe thupi limafunikira. Wogula wamkulu wa glucose ndi minofu, panthawi yogwira ntchito yazakudya amafunika nthawi makumi ambiri. Popanda kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga, maselo amthupi amayamba kuletsa kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa iwo okha. Ma receptor awo amasiya kuzindikira insulin, yomwe ndiye wochititsa wamkulu wa shuga m'minofu. Pang'onopang'ono, matenda amitundu iwiri amayamba.

Zikondazo, zitalandira chidziwitso chakuti glucose imayamba kulowa m'maselo, akuganiza zothamangitsa kagayidwe kazakudya ndikupanga insulin yambiri. Kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa timadzi timeneti kumapangitsa kuti minofu ya adipose ifike, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kunenepa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa kusintha kumeneku m'magazi, dyslipidemia imachitika - cholesterol chochepa komanso triglycerides imadziunjikira. Kusintha kwazomwe zimapangidwa ndimitsempha yamagazi imakhudza mitsempha.

Kuphatikiza pa insulin kukana ndi hyperinsulinemia, zotsatirazi zimawoneka ngati zomwe zimayambitsa metabolic syndrome:

1. Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa mafuta a visceral chifukwa cha zopatsa mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu m'zakudya.
2. Mavuto a mahomoni - cortisol owonjezera, norepinephrine, kusowa kwa progesterone ndi mahomoni okula. Mwa amuna - kuchepa kwa testosterone, mwa akazi - kuchuluka kwake.
3. Zakudya zambiri zamafuta.

Ndani angatengeke kwambiri ndi MS

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kumayesedwa pafupipafupi kuti ndidziwe za metabolic syndrome kwa anthu onse omwe ali pachiwopsezo.

Zizindikiro zokhala m'gululi:

• kuchuluka kwa zopsinjika (> 140/90);
• kunenepa kwambiri kapena m'mimba (m'mimba);
• otsika zolimbitsa thupi;
• kudzipereka pakudya kopanda thanzi;
• kukula kwa tsitsi kumaso ndi miyendo mwa akazi;
• anazindikira matenda a shuga kapena kusokonekera kwa shuga;
• matenda a mtima;
• mavuto amitsempha yamagazi m'miyendo;
• atherosclerosis ndi cerebrovascular ngozi;
• gout
• polycystic ovary, kusasamba, kusabereka kwa akazi;
• kukanika kwa erectile kapena kuchepa kwa potency mwa amuna.

Zizindikiro za metabolic syndrome

Metabolic syndrome imayamba ndi zovuta zochepa za metabolic, zimayamba pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono kudziunjikira matenda ophatikizana. Alibe zizindikiro zowoneka bwino - kupweteka, kusazindikira kapena kutentha kwambiri, kotero nthawi zambiri samayang'anira kusintha kwa thupi, kutengera nthawi yomwe metabolic syndrome imatha kubweretsa vuto lalikulu mthupi.

Zizindikiro:

• chakudya chopanda chakudya chamafuta sichikhutiritsa. Mbale yophika ndi saladi siyokwanira, thupi limafuna mchere kapena zophika ndi tiyi wokoma;
• kudya mochedwa kumayambitsa kukwiya, kumawonjezera kusokonekera, kuyambitsa mkwiyo;
• madzulo kumakhala kutopa kochulukirapo, ngakhale ngati kunalibe zolimbitsa thupi tsiku lonse;
• kulemera kumachulukitsa, mafuta amayikidwa kumbuyo, mapewa, m'mimba. Kuphatikiza pa mafuta ochulukirapo, makulidwe ake osavuta kumva, kuchuluka kwa m'mimba kumawonjezeka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mafuta kuzungulira ziwalo zamkati;
• ndizovuta kudzikakamiza kuti mudzuke m'mbuyomu, kuyenda mtunda wowonjezera, kuyenda masitepe, osati pamalo okwera;
• Nthawi ndi nthawi, kugunda kwamtima kwamphamvu kumayamba, komwe kumayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa insulin;
• ululu wosakhazikika kapena kumva kukomoka kumachitika nthawi zina chifuwa;
• kuchuluka kwa mutu kumawonjezereka;
• chizungulire, kusanza
• redness chifukwa cha vasospasm imawoneka pakhosi ndi pachifuwa;
• kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi chifukwa chokhala ndi ludzu komanso pakamwa lowuma;
• pafupipafupi matumbo amayenda, kuphimbidwa kumachitika pafupipafupi. Hyperinsulinemia mu metabolic syndrome imathandizira kuti muchepetse kugaya. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta, kupanga mafuta kumachulukira;
• thukuta lidakulirakulira, makamaka usiku.

Zakhazikitsidwa kuti chiwonetsero chakutsogolo kwa matenda a metabolic chimabadwa, motero, gulu lowopsya limaphatikizanso anthu omwe makolo kapena abale awo amakhala ndi kunenepa kwambiri pamimba, kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a shuga komanso kutsutsana ndi insulin, mavuto amtima, mitsempha ya varicose.

Zizindikiro za kagayidwe kachakudya koyesedwa magazi:

Matenda a MS

Ngati mumakayikira matenda a metabolic, muyenera kulumikizana ndi endocrinologist. Akatswiri ena atha kutenga nawo mbali pazithandizo zamankhwala ofanana nawo - a mtima, opaleshoni ya mtima, othandizira, operewera, operewera zakudya.

Njira yodziwira matendawa:

1. Kafukufuku wodwala kuti adziwe mawonekedwe a kuperewera kwa metabolic, cholowa cholakwika, kuchuluka kwake kwa zochitika ndi machitidwe a thanzi.
2. Kupeza anamnesis a matendawa: pamene zotupa zinaonekera, kunenepa kwambiri kunawonekera, kodi kukakamizidwa kumawuka, kodi kunalibe shuga wambiri.
3. Amayi amapeza mkhalidwe wamachitidwe obadwira - matenda apakale, pakati, kubereka.
4. Kuyeserera kwakuthupi:

• limafotokoza mtundu wa kunenepa kwambiri, malo akuluakulu omwe kukula kwa minofu ya adipose;
• Chiwombolo chimayesedwa. Ndi OT> 80 cm mwa akazi ndi 94 cm mwa amuna, metabolic syndrome imawonedwa nthawi zambiri;
• amawerengetsa chiuno mchiuno. Mgwirizano wapamwamba pamwamba pa amuna ndi 0,8 mwa akazi umawonetsa kusokonezeka kwakukulu kwa metabolic;
• kuchuluka kwa mndandanda wamawonekedwe amawerengedwa (kuchuluka kwa kulemera mpaka kutalika kwakutali, kulemera kumafotokozedwa makilogalamu, kutalika kwa m). BMI pamwambapa 25 imawonjezera chiopsezo cha metabolic syndrome, ndi BMI> 40, kuthekera kwa kuphwanya kumawerengedwa kwambiri.

1. Okusobola okusobola okusobola okusobola okulaba obwongo mu ngeri ey'ekibuga. Kuphatikiza pa maphunziro omwe ali pamwambapa, kuyesa kwa insulin ndi leptin kungathe kutumizidwa:

• overestimated insulin nthawi zambiri amatanthauza kukanira kwa insulin. Mwa kuchuluka kwa kusala kwa glucose ndi insulin, munthu akhoza kuwunika zovuta za kukana wodwala komanso mwina ataneneratu za chitukuko cha matenda ashuga;
• leptin amadzuka ndi kunenepa kwambiri, kudya kwambiri, kumabweretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.

1. Muyeso wakanikizidwe, kujambula mtima.
2. Pa kunenepa kwambiri, mungafunike:

• bioimpedanceometry kuyesa zomwe zili m'madzi ndi mafuta m'thupi;
• calorimetry osalunjika kuti awerenge kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu zomwe wodwala amafunikira patsiku.

Kuzindikiritsidwa kwa metabolic syndrome m'gulu laposachedwa lapadziko lonse lapansi sikumachotsedwa. Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufukuyu, pomaliza, zigawo zonse za matendawa zimafotokozedwa: matenda oopsa (code for ICB-10 I10), kunenepa kwambiri (code E66.9), hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, kulolerana kwa glucose.

Chithandizo cha Metabolic Syndrome

Maziko a matenda a metabolic syndrome ndikuchotsa kunenepa kwambiri. Mwa izi, kapangidwe ka kadyedwe kamasinthidwa, zopatsa mphamvu zake zopatsa mphamvu zimachepetsedwa, makalasi a maphunziro a tsiku ndi tsiku amabweretsedwa. Zotsatira zoyambirira za mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa zimayamba kuonekera pamene wodwala yemwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri pamimba ataya pafupifupi 10% ya kulemera.

Kuphatikiza apo, adotolo atha kukulemberani mavitamini, zakudya zopatsa thanzi, mankhwala omwe amasintha kagayidwe kazakudya ndikuwongolera kapangidwe ka magazi.

Malinga ndi zoyambitsa zamankhwala zochizira matenda a metabolic, miyezi itatu yoyambirira, odwala sanalembedwe mankhwala. Thanzi limawongoleredwa kwa iwo, zolimbitsa thupi zimayambitsidwa. Zotsatira zake, limodzi ndi kuchepa thupi, kupanikizika, cholesterol imakhala yodziwika bwino, kumverera kwa insulin kumakhala bwino.

Ndi kunenepa kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira ma bariatric ndikotheka: opaleshoni ya m'mimba ndi bandage gastroplasty. Amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa m'mimba ndipo amathandizira wodwala yemwe ali ndi vuto lakudya kuti azitha kumva kuti ali ndi chakudya chochepa.

Ngati kuchuluka kwa magazi sikunabwerere mwachidziwikire mkati mwa miyezi itatu, mankhwala amawunikira kuti athane ndi mavuto otsala: kukonza mafuta ndi kagayidwe kazakudya, komanso mankhwala ochepetsa magazi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Kudya

Njira yokhayo yochizira kulemera kwakukulu mu metabolic syndrome ndikupanga kuperewera kwa mphamvu kwa nthawi yayitali. Pokhapokha ngati izi, thupi limagwiritsa ntchito mafuta osungirako kuti apange mphamvu. Kunenepa kwambiri pamimba ndi matenda osachiritsika. Ngakhale atachepetsa thupi pazomwe zimachitika, nthawi zonse pamakhala chiwopsezo cha kuyambiranso. Chifukwa chake, palibe chomwe chatsala, momwe mungathanirane ndi vuto la metabolic mosalekeza, kwa moyo wanga wonse, makamaka chifukwa cha njira zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala - maphunziro akuthupi ndi zakudya zoyenera. Mukakwaniritsa zotsatira zomwe mukufuna, kuyesayesa kwa madokotala ndi wodwala kuyenera kukhala ndi cholinga choti akhalebe kwanthawi yayitali.

Calorie kudya amawerengedwa kuti wodwalayo sanakhetse zosaposa 2-4 kg pamwezi. Kuperewera kwa mphamvu kumapangidwa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwamphamvu kwamafuta a nyama ndi pang'ono - chakudya. Zakudya zochepa za calorie zazomwe zimachitika tsiku lililonse kwa akazi ndi 1200 kcal, kwa amuna - 1500 kcal, okhala ndi mafuta ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 30%, chakudya - 30-50 (30% ngati shuga yachuluka kapena kukana kwakukulu kwa insulin kupezeka), mapuloteni - 20-30 (ngati sichoncho nephropathy.

Mfundo zachithandizo zochizira metabolic syndrome:

1. Zakudya zitatu kapena zitatu, makamaka 4-5. Nthawi yayitali "yanjala" ndiyosavomerezeka.
2. Mafuta osasinthika (nsomba, mafuta a masamba) azipanga zoposa theka la kuchuluka kwawo. Kudya mafuta azinyama kuyenera kutsatana ndi kuphatikiza masamba kapena masamba osaphika.
3. Magulu abwino a protein ndi nsomba ndi mkaka. Kuyambira nyama - nkhuku ndi ng'ombe.
4. Zakudya zomanga thupi zimakonda kudya pang'onopang'ono (zochulukira zama chakudya pang'ono pang'onopang'ono). Maswiti, makeke, mpunga woyera, mbatata yokazinga imasinthidwa ndi buckwheat ndi oatmeal, mkate wa chinangwa.
5. Chakudya chizitha kupereka zosachepera 30 g za fiber tsiku lililonse. Kuti muchite izi, menyu amayenera kukhala ndi masamba ambiri atsopano.
6. Ndi kupsinjika kowonjezereka, mchere umangokhala supuni 1 patsiku.Ngati mumawonjezera mchere pang'onopang'ono, mutha kuzolowera zakudya zatsopano mu masabata angapo.
7. Kuti muwonjezere kudya kwa potaziyamu, muyenera kuphatikiza muzakudya zobiriwira zobiriwira, nyemba, kaloti zosaphika.
8. Pa 1 makilogalamu thupi ayenera kukhala osachepera 30 ml amadzimadzi. Tea, timadziti ndi zakumwa zina zimasinthidwa ndi madzi oyera. Chosiyana ndi msuzi wa rosehip.

Chithandizo cha kunenepa kwambiri chiyenera kukhala chosakhalitsa: kutaya mafuta mwachangu kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, kenako kwa nthawi imodzimodzi, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu kuti muchepetse kunenepa. Ngati mukufunikira kuchepetsa thupi komabe, bwerezani kuzungulira.

Malangizo a Moyo Wonse

Ngati mumatsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa kwa nthawi yayitali, kagayidwe kake mthupi kamachepa, malinga ndi magawo osiyanasiyana, ndi 15 mpaka 25%. Zotsatira zake, phindu la kuchepa thupi limachepetsedwa. Kuonjezera mphamvu pakumwa matenda a kagayidwe kachakudya, zochita zolimbitsa thupi ndizovomerezeka. Komanso, pogwira minofu yogwira, kukana insulini kumachepa, kutsika kwa triglycerides, cholesterol yabwino imakula, masitima a mtima, kuchuluka kwamapapu ndi kupatsidwa kwa oksijeni ku ziwalo kumakulirakulira.

Zinapezeka kuti odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a metabolic omwe abweretsa maphunziro pafupipafupi m'miyoyo yawo sakonda kukumana ndi matendawa. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumachepetsa kwambiri. Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu kwambiri kuposa miyeso sikofunikira, makamaka ngati kupanikizika kumakula nthawi ndi nthawi.

Maphunziro a aerobic ndi masewera aliwonse omwe gawo lalikulu la minofu limagwira kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo kugunda kwa mtima kumawonjezeka. Mwachitsanzo, kuthamanga, tennis, njinga, aerobics. Makalasi amayamba pang'onopang'ono kuti asamachulukitse odwala omwe ali ndi metabolic syndrome, ambiri mwa iwo omaliza anachita masewera achinyamata akutali. Ngati pali kukaikira kuti wodwalayo amatha kuthana nawo, amayesa ntchito yamtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi pamtunda wamtunda kapena njinga yochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi - kuyesa kosagwedezeka kapena ergometry ya njinga.

Magawo olimbitsa thupi amayamba ndikuyenda kwa mphindi 15, pang'onopang'ono kuthamanga ndi nthawi mpaka ola limodzi patsiku. Kuti mukhale ndi chidwi, maphunziro ayenera kuchitika katatu pamlungu, ndipo makamaka tsiku ndi tsiku. Katundu wochepera sabata iliyonse ndi mphindi 150. Chizindikiro cha kulimbitsa thupi kogwira ntchito ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kugunda kwa mtima mpaka 70% ya pafupipafupi (kuwerengera zaka 220).

Kuphatikiza pa chakudya chopatsa thanzi komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, chithandizo cha metabolic syndrome chikuyenera kuphatikizapo kusiya kusuta fodya komanso kupewa mowa kwambiri. Moyo wopanda fodya umabweretsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol wabwino ndi 10%, popanda mowa - mwa 50% amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa triglycerides.

Kupewa

Aliyense wachitatu wokhala ku Russia ali ndi metabolic syndrome. Kuti musagwere m'magulu awo, muyenera kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso kumayesedwa pafupipafupi.

Malangizo popewa matenda a metabolic:

1. Idyani zakudya zabwino, zosakonzedwa pang'ono. Kupereka ndiwo zamasamba nthawi iliyonse pachakudya, zipatso za mchere m'malo mwa keke zimachepetsa kwambiri kuphwanyidwa.
2. Musafe ndi njala, apo ayi thupi liyesa kuyika pambali kalori iliyonse yowonjezera.
3. Chitani zinthu zabwino kwambiri pamoyo wanu. Konzani tsiku lanu kuti likhale ndi malo ogona komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi.
4. Gwiritsani ntchito mwayi uliwonse kuti musunthire kwambiri - Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi m'mawa, kuyenda mbali ina yogwira ntchito kumapazi, kupeza galu ndikuyenda naye.
5. Pezani masewera omwe mungasangalale nawo poyenda. Sankhani chipinda chabwino kwambiri, zida zamakono, zovala zowoneka bwino. Muzicheza ndi anthu amodzimodzi. Pokhapokha mutasangalala ndi masewerawa ndi pomwe mungachite izi moyo wanu wonse.
6. Ngati muli pachiwopsezo, nthawi ndi nthawi mumachita mayeso a cholesterol. Ngati pali odwala matenda a shuga pakati pa abale anu kapena muli ndi zaka zopitilira 40 - kuyesa kwina kwa glucose.

Monga mukuwonera, kukhala wathanzi ndikukhala ndi zosangalatsa sikovuta.