Metformin Canon: malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi chifukwa chake akufunika

Metformin Canon ndi m'modzi mwa oimira gulu laling'ono la Biguanides. Tsopano chinthu chokhacho chogwira gululi chimaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito - metformin. Malinga ndi madotolo, iye ndiye mankhwala omwe amauza wodwala kwambiri, ndi iye kuti chithandizo chimayambika matenda atapezeka. Mpaka pano, zodabwitsa kwambiri zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwalawa - zopitilira zaka 60. Kwa zaka zambiri, kufunikira kwa metformin sikunathe konse. M'malo mwake, mankhwalawo adawulula zinthu zambiri zothandiza kwa odwala matenda ashuga komanso adakulitsa kukula.

Momwe Metformin Canon amagwirira ntchito

Metformin Canon ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo a hypoglycemic. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amachotsa shuga amene amakhala ndi matenda ashuga komanso amalepheretsa zovuta zomwe zimachitika munthu akamadwala matenda ashuga. Malinga ndi malangizo, mankhwalawa samakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa anthu athanzi, samatha kuyambitsa hypoglycemia.

Limagwirira zake:

1. Metformin imabwezeretsa chidwi cha insulini ku matenda ashuga. Zimasintha masinthidwe a insulin cell receptors, chifukwa chomwe insulin imayamba kumangiriza zolandilira kwambiri, zomwe zimathandizira kufalitsa kwa glucose kuchokera m'magazi kupita kumaselo amafuta, chiwindi ndi minofu. Kumwa kwa glucose mkati mwa maselo sikukula. Ngati kudya kwa carbohydrate kumakhala kokwanira ndipo mphamvu zamagetsi zolimbitsa thupi ndizochepa, glucose amasungidwa mu glycogen ndi lactate.
2. Metformin Canon imathandizira kuchepetsa shuga. Kuchita uku kumalumikizidwa ndi kuthekera kwa metformin poletsa kupanga kwa shuga m'magazi a chiwindi ndi 30%, kuonjezera kaphatikizidwe ka glycogen.
3. Metformin imapangidwa mokwanira m'matumbo. Nthawi yomweyo, mayamwidwe a glucose amachepetsa pafupifupi 12%. Chifukwa cha izi, glycemia atatha kudya amakula pang'onopang'ono, palibe lakuthwa lakuthwa lodziwika bwino kwa odwala matenda ashuga komanso kuwonongeka munthawi yomweyo. Gawo la glucose sililowa m'matumbo konse, koma limapangidwira mwachindunji m'matumbo kuti lactate. Amasonkhanitsidwa ndi chiwindi ndikugwiritsanso ntchito kukonzanso shuga yake. M'tsogolomu, nkhokwezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa matenda a hypoglycemic.
4. Metformin imathandiza kuchepetsa kulakalaka, imathandizira kuchepetsa kunenepa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi insulin yambiri.
5. Mankhwalawa mosiyanasiyana amakhudza kagayidwe ka lipid mu onse omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga komanso odwala dyslipidemia popanda matenda a shuga. Chifukwa cha metformin, kuchuluka kwa triglycerides kumatsika ndi 45%, cholesterol yathunthu ndi 10%, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "yabwino" kumawonjezeka pang'ono. Mwina, izi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuthekera kwa mankhwalawa kupondeleza oxidation wamafuta acids.
6. Metformin imalepheretsa zovuta za shuga. Izi zimafotokozedwa ndi kulowerera kwa chinthu pakapangidwe kamatenda a mapuloteni okhala ndi shuga wambiri.
7. Mankhwala amathandizira ntchito ya magazi a fibrinolytic, amachepetsa kuthekera kwa kuphatikizana kwa magazi a m'magazi, kumachepetsa mwayi wamagazi. Madokotala ena amakhulupirira kuti Metformin imaposa spirin mu mphamvu yake ya antiplatelet.

Ndani amasankhidwa mankhwalawo

Pakadali pano, mndandanda wazomwe zikuwonetsa kutenga Metformin Canon umangokhala mtundu wa 2 wa matenda ashuga ndi mikhalidwe yake yapitayi. Posachedwa, kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kukukulira. Kuthekera kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri, matenda am'mimba, dyslipidemia akuganiziridwa.

Zisonyezero zosankhidwa pa malangizo:

Matenda a shuga ndi kupsinjika kudzakhala chinthu chakale

• Matenda a shuga -95%
• Kuthetsa kwa mitsempha thrombosis - 70%
• Kuthetsa kwa kugunda kwamtima kwamphamvu -90%
• Kuthana ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi - 92%
• Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu masana, kukonza kugona usiku -97%

• Malipiro a shuga kwa akulu ndi ana azaka 10. Mankhwala ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi zakudya komanso maphunziro akuthupi. Gwiritsani ntchito mapiritsi ena a hypoglycemic ndipo insulin imaloledwa. Zotsatira zabwino zamankhwala zimawonedwa mwa onenepa kwambiri.
• Pofuna kupewa kukula kwa matenda ashuga mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lodana ndi kagayidwe kazakudya. Mankhwala amatchulidwa ngati wodwala sangathe kukwaniritsa matenda a glycemia ndi zakudya ndi masewera, ndipo chiwopsezo cha matenda ashuga chimawunika ngati chambiri. Metformin imalimbikitsidwa makamaka kwa anthu opitirira 60 onenepa kwambiri, chibadwa chovuta (matenda a shuga m'modzi wa makolo), vuto la lipid metabolism, matenda oopsa, komanso mbiri yodwala matenda ashuga.

Mosiyana ndi Metformin

Kuti tiwonetse malo omwe mankhwalawo anali Metformin Canon pakati pa mapiritsi ena ambiri otchedwa Metformin, titembenukira ku mbiriyakale. Biguanides akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala kwazaka zambiri. Ngakhale ku Middle Ages, kukodza kopusitsa kunathandizidwa ndi infusions kuchokera ku chomera cha Galega officinalis. Ku Europe, adadziwika m'mazina osiyanasiyana - French lilac, profesa udzu, mbuzi (kuwerenga za mbuzi yamankhwala), ku Russia nthawi zambiri amatcha kakombo wa ku France.

Chinsinsi cha mbewuyi chinavumbulutsidwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Mankhwala, omwe amachepetsa shuga, adapatsidwa dzina loti guanidine. Kutalikirana ndi chomeracho, guanidine mu shuga amawonetsa ofooka, koma kuthana ndi kawopsedwe. Kusaka chinthu chabwino chotsitsa shuga sikunathe. Mu 1950s, asayansi adakhazikika pa chitetezo chokha cha Biguanides - metformin. Mankhwalawo anapatsidwa dzina lakuti Glucophage - wokonda shuga.

Pofika kumapeto kwa 1980s, zidadziwika kuti chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri za matenda ashuga ndi insulin. Pambuyo pofalitsa zomwe zapezedwa ndi asayansi, chidwi ndi glucophage chakwera kwambiri. Kufufuza mwachangu momwe magwiridwe antchito, chitetezo, njira zamankhwala, maphunziro angapo azachipatala achitidwa. Kuyambira 1999, miyala yokhala ndi metformin yakhala yoyamba kukhala m'ndandanda wazamalamulo. Akhala m'malo oyamba mpaka lero.

Chifukwa chakuti Glucofage idapangidwa zaka zambiri zapitazo, malingaliro a chitetezo cha patent popeza adatha. Mwalamulo, kampani iliyonse yamankhwala ikhoza kupanga metformin. Tsopano mdziko lapansi ma mazana a zamagetsi a Glucophage amapangidwa, ambiri mwa iwo amatchedwa Metformin. Ku Russia, kuli opanga mapiritsi oposa khumi ndi awiri okhala ndi metformin. Makampani omwe akhulupirira kudalirika kwa odwala nthawi zambiri amawonjezera chizindikiro cha wopanga dzina la mankhwalawo. Metformin Canon ndi chipangizo cha Canonfarm Production. Kampaniyi yakhala ikutulutsa mankhwala kwa zaka 20. Amakwaniritsa zofunikira zapadziko lonse lapansi komanso miyezo yapamwamba. Kukonzekera kwa Canonfarm kumayang'aniridwa pamagawo angapo, kuyambira pazipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kutha ndi mapiritsi okonzedwa kale. Malinga ndi odwala matenda ashuga, Metformin Canon ali pafupi momwe angathere pogwira ntchito ku Glucofage yoyambayo.

Canonpharma imatulutsa metformin mu milingo ingapo:

Malangizo a kumwa mankhwala

Malangizo agogomezera kukakamizidwa kwa zakudya panthawi yonse ya mankhwala. Wodwala amafunika kuchepetsa kudya kwa chakudya chambiri (dokotala amadziwitsa kuchuluka kwa kuchepa poganizira kuuma kwa matendawa), ndikugawa iwo m'magawo osiyanasiyana tsiku lonse. Ngati onenepa kwambiri, chakudya chochepetsetsa cha kalori chimalimbikitsidwa. Zakudya zochepa za calorie mukatenga Metformin Canon ndi 1000 kcal. Chakudya cholimba chimawonjezera chiopsezo cha mavuto.

Ngati wodwalayo sanalandire metformin m'mbuyomu, chithandizo chimayamba ndi kuchuluka kwa 500-850 mg, piritsi limamwa pamatumbo athunthu asanagone. Poyamba, chiwopsezo cha zovuta zina chimakhala chachikulu, kotero kuti mankhwalawa sawonjezereka kwa masabata awiri. Pambuyo pa nthawi ino, werengetsani kuchuluka kwa kuchepetsedwa kwa glycemia ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, onjezani mlingo. Masabata awiri aliwonse, mutha kuwonjezera kuchokera ku 500 mpaka 850 mg.

Kuchulukana kwa kuvomereza - katatu patsiku, pomwe chimodzi mwa madyerero ayenera kukhala madzulo. Malinga ndi ndemanga, kwa odwala ambiri, matenda a glycemia ndi okwanira 1500-2000 mg patsiku (3x500 mg kapena 2x850 mg). Mlingo wapamwamba womwe umayikidwa ndi malangizowo ndi 3000 mg (3x1000 mg) kwa akuluakulu, 2000 mg kwa ana, 1000 mg kwa odwala omwe amalephera aimpso.

Wodwala akatsatira zakudya, amatenga metformin pamlingo wambiri, koma osakwanitsa kukwaniritsa chipukutiro cha matenda a shuga, dokotala anganene kuti kuchepa kwa insulin. Ngati kusowa kwa insulin kwatsimikiziridwa, kuwonjezera apo mankhwala a hypoglycemic omwe amathandizira kapamba.

Zotsatira zoyipa zingakhale ndi

M'matumbo, kupezeka kwa metformin kumakhala kambiri poyerekeza ndi magazi, chiwindi ndi impso. Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimapezeka ndi mankhwala zimayenderana ndi izi. Pafupifupi 20% ya odwala kumayambiriro kwa kutenga Metformin Canon ali ndi vuto logaya m'mimba: kunyansidwa ndi m'mimba. Nthawi zambiri, thupi limatha kuzolowera mankhwalawo, ndipo zizindikirozi zimazimiririka pazokha pakatha milungu iwiri. Kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka kwa mavuto, malangizo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito amalimbikitsa kumwa mankhwalawa ndi chakudya, yambani kulandira chithandizo chochepa.

Polekerera bwino, madokotala amalangizidwa kuti asinthane ndi mapiritsi a metformin omwe amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo waposachedwa. Amakhala ndi kapangidwe kapadera, chifukwa chake zomwe zimagwira zimalowa m'magazi molingana m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Pankhaniyi, kulekerera kwa mankhwalawa kumasintha kwambiri. Mapiritsi a Canonfarm omwe amakhala ndi mphamvu yayitali amatchedwa Metformin Long Canon. Malinga ndi ndemanga, ndi njira ina yabwino kuposa mankhwala a Metformin Canon osalolera.

Zambiri zamafupipafupi pazotsatira:

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito owopsa kwambiri ndi lactic acidosis. Kuphwanya kumeneku kumachitika ndikuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa metformin mu minofu chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwakukulu kapena kulephera kwa aimpso. Zina zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi zimaphatikizaponso matenda a shuga ophatikizika omwe amakhala ndi zovuta zingapo, njala, uchidakwa, hypoxia, sepsis, ndi matenda a kupuma. Zizindikiro zakuyamba kwa lactic acidosis ndizopweteka ndi minyewa kukomoka, kufooka kwodziwikiratu, kufupika kwa mpweya. Vutoli ndilosowa kwambiri (milandu itatu mwa anthu 100 miliyoni) ndipo ndiowopsa, kufa kwa lactic acidosis kumafika 40%. Pokayikira pang'ono, muyenera kusiya kumwa mapiritsiwo, kukaonana ndi dokotala.

Contraindication

Contraindication ambiri mu malangizo ntchito ndi kuyesa kwa wopanga kuletsa lactic acidosis. Metformin siyingalembedwe:

• ngati wodwala walephera komanso a GFR ndi ochepera 45;
• ndi hypoxia yayikulu, yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi matenda am'mapapo, kulephera kwa mtima, kugunda kwa mtima, kuchepa magazi;
• ndi kulephera kwa chiwindi;
• odwala ndi zidakwa;
• ngati wodwala matenda ashuga adakumana ndi lactic acidosis, ngakhale zomwe sizinachitike;
• pa mimba, insulin yokha imaloledwa ku mankhwala a hypoglycemic panthawiyi.

Mankhwalawa amathetsedwa ndi ketoacidosis, panthawi yochizira matenda opweteka kwambiri, kuvulala kwambiri, kuthetseratu madzi m'thupi, musanachitike opareshoni. Metformin imachotsedwa masiku 2 asanafike pa X-ray yothandizirana ndi ena, mankhwalawa amayambiranso patatha masiku awiri atatha kafukufukuyu.

Matenda a shuga osakhalitsa omwe amakhala ndi mavuto ambiri nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto la mtima. Mu malangizo, matendawa amatanthauza contraindication chithandizo ndi metformin, koma machitidwe, madokotala amayenera kupereka mankhwala kwa odwala. Malinga ndi kafukufuku woyambirira, metformin mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima samangongolera kubwezeretsedwera kwa shuga, komanso amachepetsa kufa ndikuchepetsa zomwe zimachitika. Chiwopsezo cha lactic acidosis pamenepa chimawonjezeka moperewera. Ngati izi zikutsimikizika, kulephera kwa mtima sikudzaperekedwa mndandanda wazotsutsa.

Kusintha kwa Metformin Canon

Ambiri mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndi onenepa kwambiri ndipo ali ndi chizolowezi chowonjezereka chofuna kupeza mapaundi atsopano. Mwanjira zambiri, izi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukana insulin, komwe kumadziwika ndi magawo onse a shuga. Kuti muthane ndi kukana, thupi limapanga insulin m'mavoliyumu ochulukirapo, okhala ndi chitsimikizo. Hormone yowonjezera imayambitsa chilimbikitso chowonjezereka, chimalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa mafuta, komanso zimathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa mafuta a visceral. Kuphatikiza apo, shuga wambiri amawongolera, amayamba kutengera kunenepa kotere.

Kuchepetsa thupi ndichimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakusamalira matenda ashuga. Cholinga ichi chimaperekedwa kwa odwala sichosavuta konse: ayenera kuchepetsa kwambiri mafuta ndi zopatsa mphamvu, ndikuthana ndi mavuto ankhondo. Metformin Canon imathandizira kuchepetsa kunenepa. Amachepetsa kukana kwa insulin, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mankhwalawa amayamba kuchepa pang'ono pang'ono, kuphwanya mafuta kumathandizidwa. Malinga ndi ndemanga ya kuchepetsa thupi, mbali yina ya mankhwalawa imapindulitsanso - zimathandizira pakulakalaka.

Kuchepetsa thupi, mankhwalawa amatha kutumikiridwa osati kokha kwa odwala matenda ashuga, komanso kwa anthu omwe ali ndi insulin kukana. Monga lamulo, awa ndi odwala omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri, mawonekedwe a m'chiuno opitilira 90 cm, BMI yoposa 35. Metformin si mankhwala a kunenepa kwambiri, pamene atengedwa, kuchepa kwa thupi kumangokhala makilogalamu awiri okha. M'malo mwake ndi njira yochepetsera kuwonda. Kuti izi zitha kugwira ntchito, kuchepa kwa caloric kudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndizofunikira kwa odwala.

Analogi

Metformin Canon ali ndi ma fanizo ambiri. Mapiritsi okhala ndi mawonekedwe omwewo angagulidwe pa pharmacy iliyonse. Odziwika kwambiri ku Russia ndi:

• Makampani amakampani a Metformin Akrikhin, Biosynthesis ndi Atoll;
• Russian Gliformin, Formetin;
• French Glucophage;
• Czech Metformin Zentiva;
• Israeli Metformin Teva;
• Siofor.

Mtengo wa analogues yaku Russia ndi Israeli, komanso Glucofage yoyambayo, ili pafupi zofanana ndi Metformin Canon. Germany Siofor ndi wokwera 20-50%. Glucophage yowonjezera imawononga nthawi 1.5-2,5 kuposa Metformin Long Canon yofanana.

Ndemanga Zahudwala