Pancreatitis ndi kutupa kwa kapamba. Izi pathological njira zitha kuchitika pachimake komanso matenda mawonekedwe. Ngati chifukwa cha mawonekedwe owopsa, chiwonetsero chokwanira cha chiwalocho chitha kubwezeretsedwanso, ndiye kuti nkhaniyo imapereka kuchepa kwathunthu kwa mphamvu ya gland, komanso nthawi yowonjezera yolowanso ndi kuchotsedwa.
Mkhalidwe wowopsa kwambiri umadziwika ndi pancreatic necrosis, ndipo kuzindikira koteroko nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa imfa. Matenda a kapamba amatha kukhala necrosis, kusintha, chifukwa chokhala nthawi yayitali ndi mowa, monga chimodzi mwazinthu.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero, kuchuluka kwa matenda apakhungu amachokera ku 5 mpaka 9 peresenti ya zovuta zonse zokhudzana ndi ntchito ya m'mimba. Mpaka pano, matenda amtunduwu adayamba kupweteka kawiri kawiri zaka 30 zapitazo. Titha kudziwa kuti chikhansa cham'mimba chimakonda kwambiri amuna kuposa akazi, ndipo vutoli limayamba atakwanitsa zaka 35.
Palibe chodabwitsa mu ziwerengero zotere, chifukwa zenizeni za moyo wamakono zimayeneranso zakudya, ndipo izi, zimayambitsa kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi, mwachangu, ndi chakudya chofulumira. Komabe, pali milandu ya kapamba mu mawonekedwe awa mwa ana, zomwe zimasonyezanso kunyalanyaza kwathunthu malamulo a zakudya zoyenera.
Gawo loyamba pakupanga matenda a chifuwa chachikulu limatha kukhala pafupifupi zaka 10 ndipo amadziwika ndi kusintha kuchokera pakukhululuka kwamphamvu mpaka kukokolola. Monga lamulo, wodwalayo amadandaula za kupweteka pamimba. Mu gawo lachiwiri, kusokonezeka kwamatumbo, komanso kuchepa thupi, kumawonedwa.
Zomverera zam'mimba zimayamba kutchulidwa pang'ono, koma pamakhala dongosolo la mitundu yonse ya zovuta za kapamba. Matendawa amaphatikizidwanso ndi kutulutsidwa kwa ma enzymes m'magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuledzera kwambiri kwa chamoyo chonse.
Mitundu yayikulu yamatenda a kapamba
Sayansi yamakono yamankhwala imadziwa zingapo zomwe zingapangidwe pancreatitis yovuta yamaphunziro.
Gulu lagulu:
- chachikulu pancreatitis (limayamba ngati matenda oyamba);
- yachiwiri (imakhala chifukwa cha zovuta zamavuto ena);
- autoimmune pancreatitis (imachitika chifukwa chakuwukira kwa chitetezo chamthupi pancreas);
- poizoni-kagayidwe (owonetsedwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zakumwa zoledzeretsa);
- idiopathic (imatha kuwoneka popanda prerequisites);
- cholowa (chifukwa cha chilema);
- pancreatitis yobwerezabwereza (nthawi zakhululuka ndizotalikirapo kuposa kutulutsa).
Kugawidwa kwa matenda kapamba aakulu monga Cousin:
- chachikulu (chimachitika motsutsana ndi maziko azachipatala, zakumwa zoledzeretsa, etiology zosadziwika, komanso chifukwa cha zovuta zama metabolic);
- zoopsa pambuyo pa zoziziritsa kukhosi (zimakhala zotsatira za kuvulala kwa kapamba, komanso kulowererapo kwa opaleshoni);
- yachiwiri (yoyambitsidwa ndi matenda ena).
Gulu Ladziko Lonse (2007):
- kuyambira;
- malingana ndi chithunzi cha chipatala;
- malinga ndi kuopsa kwa kapamba.
Kodi kapamba amawonekera bwanji?
Mukuchita kutupa m'mapapo, wodwalayo amamva kupweteka kwambiri pamimba, ndikulowerera gawo lakumanzere ndikubwerera kumbuyo. Pali kuledzera komwe kumanenedwa ngati: nseru, kutentha thupi, kuchepa kwa chakudya, kutentha thupi, kufooka ndi kusanza.
Pancreatitis yodziwika bwino imakhala ndi mafuta okumbika okhala ndi zizindikiro zotsalira za chakudya chosasamba. Pali mitundu ina ya kapamba yemwe samapereka ziwonetsero zina kupatula zovuta za m'mimba kapena kusamva pang'ono m'munsi mwa m'mimba.
Statistics imati pambuyo pa kupezeka koyamba kwa matenda osachiritsika mu chiwalo, mu 20 peresenti ya milandu, kufa kumatha kuchitika zaka 10 zoyambirira za matendawa. Pazaka 20 zotsatira za matendawa, chizindikiro ichi chikhoza kukhala kuti chili pamlingo wa 50 peresenti ya odwala omwe ali ndi kapamba. Imfa imachitika chifukwa cha zovuta za matenda, komanso matenda opatsirana. Chiwopsezo cha khansa ya pancreatic chikuwonjezeranso.
Kodi njira yodziwira matenda ikuyenda bwanji?
Kuti mupeze matenda a kapamba, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu 90 ya mitundu yonse. Monga lamulo, palibe aliyense wa iwo amene amatha kuchita izi pa magawo oyambilira a matenda, pomwe zovuta zambiri zitha kupewedwa ndipo matendawa atha.
Vuto lazidziwitso ndilakuti njira zambiri zofufuzira sizitha kuganizira gawo ndi multisymptom ya kapamba.
Zida zosakwanira ndi zida zakale, komanso kuchepa kwa ma aligorivimu odziwika bwino kumathandizanso kuti mupeze zolakwika.
Monga lamulo, chikhansa champhamvu chokhazikika chimatha kukhazikitsidwa chifukwa chofufuza bwino thupi la wodwalayo. Njira zozindikirira zikuphatikiza:
- kuyezetsa magazi kwapafupipafupi kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera a magazi, ESR ndi zizindikiro zina;
- magazi zamankhwala pakukhazikitsa ma enzymes;
- urinalysis kuti azindikire amylase;
- kusanthula ndowe chifukwa cha chakudya chosasokonezeka;
- ma diagnostics a ultrasound am'mimba kuti azindikire kuphwanya ndi kusintha;
- gastroscopy;
- X-ray
- endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography;
- amayesedwa pambuyo pazovuta za shuga m'thupi.
Kodi matenda a kapamba amadwala?
Njira zamakono zamankhwala othandizira matenda oopsawa zimapereka njira yolumikizirana komanso kukonza thupi lathanzi.
Ndiye kuti, kupweteka kwa kapamba sikukutanthauza mbali imodzi yokha, ndikofunikira kugogomeza, popeza njira yokonzanso mankhwala ndi chithandizo chokha ndizovuta zonse zamankhwala ndikudya moyenera.
Kutupa kwa kapamba kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndikupangitsa kuti thupi lizidakwa. Pachifukwa ichi, njira yothandizira mankhwalawa iyenera kukhala yokhayokha ndipo pakakhala vuto ladzidzidzi ndikofunikira kupita kuchipatala.
Matenda a pancreatitis samangofunika kokha ndi mankhwala, komanso zakudya zapadera. Nthawi zina, opaleshoni singapatsidwe.
M'masiku atatu oyamba m'chipatala, zidzakhala zofunika kutsatira kupumula kwa chakudya, komanso kugona pansi pogona.
Mankhwala
Chithandizo cha chifuwa chachikulu chokhala ndi mankhwalawa ndicholinga chothetsa mavuto angapo nthawi imodzi:
- kuthetsa kupweteka. Kuchulukitsa kowoneka bwino kwamatenda osachiritsika nthawi zambiri kumayendera limodzi ndi kupweteka kwamphamvu kwamankhwala komwe kumatha kuyimitsidwa ndi mankhwala ena, mwachitsanzo, No-shpa, Papaverine, Novocaine, Atropine, Promedol, komanso Platifillin. Chovuta chachikulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito Aspirin, Nise kapena mapiritsi ena ofanana. Amakhumudwitsa kwambiri mucous nembanemba, komanso amachepetsa magazi kwambiri, ndikupangitsa kutaya magazi;
- chopinga wa pancreatic madzi kupanga. Proton pump inhibitors angagwiritsidwe ntchito - Omeprazole mankhwala a kapamba kapena Contrical;
- kapamba amatulutsa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma enymes amylase, lipase, ndi pancreatin kungathe kulembedwa, ndikuwerengedwa. Amatha kumasulidwa mchizindikiro cha Mezim, Festal, Digestal, Creon, Panzinorm;
- antibacterial mankhwala kuti muchepetse kukula kwa matenda mthupi. Dokotala atha kuperekera mankhwala opepuka, monga Ampicillin;
- ngati mulingo wamadzi mu thupi wasokonezeka, ndiye kuti m'malo mwake mumaperekedwa chithandizo chamankhwala monga saline ndi zokhudza thupi.
Opaleshoni
Chithandizo cha chifuwa chachikulu chitha kuchitika pa opareshoni, chimatha kukhetsa ma cystic neoplasms, komanso kuphatikizika kwa gland, opaleshoni imachitika ndipo ngati miyala ya pancreatic yapezeka. Opaleshoni yochotsa matenda a kapamba angayikidwe pazinthu izi:
- mawonekedwe a matendawa ndi ovuta ndipo amatsutsana ndi jaundice wovuta;
- ululu wambiri womwe sutha pakapita nthawi yayitali ndi mankhwala;
- ma cysts.
Zakudya zamagulu
Pakukhululukidwa, odwala matenda a kapamba ayenera kudzipatula tsiku lililonse kudya zakudya zamafuta ndi mapuloteni ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, zakudya zonunkhira, zakudya zam'mera zopanda kanthu, khofi, cocoa, sodas ndi msuzi wowawasa siziyenera kuphatikizidwa.
Ndikwabwino kusankha madzi amamineral a Esentuki No. 4, Smirnovskaya, Slavyanskaya. Kukhala bwino kumamatira ku zakudya zapadera, ndipo mchere wam'madzi wokhala ndi pancreatitis umapereka madzi ofunikira. Idyani pang'ono ndi kangapo patsiku.
Kodi mungapewe bwanji chitukuko cha kapamba?
Chilichonse chomwe mungagwiritse ntchito pancreatic kutupa, sichingakhale chamtundu wapamwamba popanda njira zina zopewera kufalikira kwa matendawa. Makamaka amawononga thupi ndipo thupi limakhudzidwa ndi mowa motero, pofuna kupewa, muyenera kulisiya momwe mungathere. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuyamba chithandizo cha panthawi yake zovuta zilizonse ndi ducts ya bile, m'mimba ndi duodenum, komanso kudya moyenera. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuti muwonjezere nthawi yotikhululuka panthawi yopuma pancreatitis.
