Matenda a shuga ndi matenda amtundu wa endocrine. Anthu omwe akudwala matendawa ayenera choyamba kutsatira kwambiri zakudya zowonjezera zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga ndi njira yofunikira kwambiri yochizira matenda a pathogenetic.
Koma ngati chithandizo cha matendawa mwa achikulire chitha kungokhala zakudya zokha, ndiye kuti odwala matenda ashuga mwa ana, nthawi zambiri, mankhwala a insulin amafunikira. Izi zili choncho chifukwa ana ashuga nthawi zambiri amadalira insulin. Chifukwa chake, muzochitika zotere, chakudyacho chimayenera kuphatikizidwa ndi jakisoni wa insulin nthawi zonse.
Matenda a shuga amatha kuoneka mwa ana ali ndi zaka zilizonse ndipo amakhalabe mnzake mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo. Inde, chithandizo cha zakudya sayenera kuphwanya zofunika zofunikira za mwana mu chakudya. Izi ndizofunikira kuti mwana athe kukhazikika, kukula komanso kuthandizira chitetezo chokwanira.
Pankhaniyi, pokonza chakudya cha mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, wothandizira zakudya ayenera kutsatira malamulo oyambira.
Kuwongolera chakudya
Zakudya za ana ziyenera kukhazikika posungira chakudya. Dokotala ayenera kuganizira tanthauzo la zovuta za metabolic zomwe zimachitika ndi matenda ashuga. Zakudyazo ziyenera kumangidwa kuti mwana azilandira mafuta pang'ono ndi chakudya chamafuta momwe angathere.
Pazakudya za mwana wodwala (izi zimagwira ntchito kwa achikulire), chakudya cham'mimba chimakhala malo apadera, chifukwa amawerengedwa ngati magwero amagetsi. Zakudya zamafuta ochulukirapo zimakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri komanso mchere wambiri.
Ndi matenda a shuga, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochulukirapo kumasokonezeka kwambiri, koma msinkhu wa zosinthazi ndiwosiyana kwa chakudya chamagulu osiyanasiyana. Ndiye chifukwa chake, ngati makolo alola kuchuluka kwa zakudya zamagulu m'thupi pakudya kwa mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, ayenera kusunga zakudya zamthupi zosasungika kwa nthawi yayitali m'matumbo, koma zimatengedwa mwachangu, potero zimakulitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Kodi ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zimakhala ndi ma protein azakudya zambiri? Nayi mndandanda wanthawi:
- shuga ndi zinthu zonse pakupanga momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito (kupanikizana, jamu, zakudya, zipatso);
- Pasitala
- mkate, makamaka kuchokera ku premium yoyera;
- chimanga, makamaka semolina;
- mbatata - chinthu chomwe nthawi zambiri chimapezeka muzakudya;
- zipatso (nthochi, maapulo).
Zinthu zonsezi ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa tsiku ndi tsiku zikafika pakudya cha mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Ena mwa iwo nthawi zonse sayenera kuphatikizidwa.
Zomakoma
Tsoka ilo, shuga kwa mwana wodwala matenda ashuga amaletsedwa moyo. Zachidziwikire, izi ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kukhumudwitsa mwana. Sikovuta kuphatikiza ndi zakudya popanda izi.
Saccharin wagwiritsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi kuti athandize kuchuluka kwa chakudya mu shuga. Koma mapiritsi a saccharin amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera mu khofi kapena tiyi, chifukwa sanapeze ntchito pakudya kwa ana.
Zokometsera monga xylitol ndi sorbitol zaposachedwa. Mankhwalawa onse ndi ma polyhydric alcohols ndipo amapezeka ogulitsa onse ngati zotsekemera komanso zowoneka bwino. Xylitol ndi sorbitol nthawi zambiri amawonjezeredwa ku zakudya zomalizidwa:
- mandimu;
- Chocolate
- maswiti;
- Ma cookie
- makeke.
Chifukwa cha izi, malonda osiyanasiyana omwe amaloledwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga awonjezereka, ndipo ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ali ndi mwayi wakudya maswiti.
Kugwiritsira ntchito kwa m'malo mwa shuga kwa sorbitol ndi xylitol kumapangitsa kuti malonda azikhala osiyanasiyana komanso mitundu yazakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa amabweretsa caloric ndi chakudya chamagulu a odwala matenda ashuga pafupi kwambiri.
Xylitol wa matenda a shuga agwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira 1961, koma sorbitol idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kale kwambiri - kuyambira 1919. Ubwino wa zotsekemera ndikuti ndiwopanga mafuta omwe samapangitsa kuti pakhale glycemia komanso osayambitsa mavuto, omwe ali osiyana kwambiri ndi shuga.
Zotsatira zamaphunziro azachipatala zawonetsa kuti xylitol ndi sorbitol amadziwika ndi kuyamwa pang'onopang'ono kuchokera kwa zakudya zina zodziwika bwino. Kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, khalidweli ndilofunika kwambiri.
Popeza glucose m'matumbo amatenga mwachangu, thupi la munthu yemwe ali ndi wachibale kapena kusowa kwenikweni kwa insulini limadzadza nawo kwambiri.
Mafuta
Komabe, zinthu zomwe xylitol zilipo m'malo mwa shuga sizingatchulidwe kuti zimasinthidwa chifukwa cha anthu odwala matenda ashuga. Izi ndichifukwa choti pankhani yokhudza mafuta, chakudya ichi (makamaka maswiti, chokoleti, makeke ndi makeke) ndizovuta kwambiri kuzisumbu za Langerhans zomwe zimapezeka m'mapenchi.
Zofunika! Kuchuluka kwamafuta m'magazi a shuga kuyenera kukhala kochepa kambiri poyerekeza ndi zakudya za mwana wathanzi. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa lipid-fat metabolism mu shuga. Kudya kwathunthu popanda mafuta, ndizosavomerezeka, chifukwa chinthuchi chimapatsa thupi mphamvu komanso mavitamini osungunuka mafuta, ofunikira kwambiri pakulimbitsa thupi.
Chifukwa chake, ndimatendawa, chakudyacho chimalola kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta okha ndi mafuta a masamba, ndipo masamba amatha kupanga ½ pazakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku. Ndizotheka kuti zimakhudza bwino kuchuluka kwa mafuta acids omwe asokonezeka mu shuga mellitus. Muubwana, komanso makamaka ndi matenda ashuga, palibe chifukwa chogwiritsira ntchito mitundu ya mafuta (mitundu ya mwanawankhosa, tsekwe ndi mafuta a nkhumba).
Kuchuluka kwamafuta tsiku ndi tsiku pakudya kwa odwala matenda ashuga sayenera kupitirira 75% ya kuchuluka kwamafuta mumenyu a mwana wathanzi wazaka zomwezo.
Pomwe zingatheke, chakudyacho chikuyenera kufanana ndi zaka za thupi. Izi ndizofunikira kuti mwana akule bwino ndikukula. Poganizira zolephera zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zithandizire kuthekera kwa chida cha islet, kulumikizana kwa zofunikira zakuthupi ndi chakudya makamaka kumapangidwa kuti apange mgwirizano pakati pa zopatsa mphamvu, mavitamini, mapuloteni komanso michere.
Kufunika kwa odwala matenda a shuga m'mapuloteni kuyenera kukhala kokhutira kwathunthu (2-3 magalamu pa 1 kg ya kulemera kwa thupi patsiku, malinga ndi zaka). Nthawi yomweyo, 50% ya mapuloteni a nyama amayenera kusungidwa muzakudya.
Kuti thupi la mwana libwezeretsedwe ndi lipotropic, nyama yaing'ono, makamaka yamafuta ochepa, iyenera kuyambitsidwa muzakudya za mwana. Mwanawankhosa ndi nkhumba zidzatero.
Kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu pang'ono komanso kuchepa pang'ono kwamafuta m'zakudya ndikusunga kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni kumabweretsa kusintha kwa magawo omwe amapezeka muzakudya za odwala.
Kwa ana azaka zamsukulu za pulayimale ndi ana asukulu zasukulu zam'mbuyo zam'mbuyomu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, cholowa chonsecho B: W: Y ndi 1: 0.8-0.9: 3-3.5. M'malo mwa ana athanzi amsinkhu umodzi, ndi 1: 1: 4. Kwa achinyamata ndi ophunzira kusekondale 1: 0.7-0.8: 3.5-4, m'malo mwa 1: 1: 5-6.
Ndikofunikira kuyesetsa kuwonetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa chakudya chama tsiku ndi tsiku mthupi la wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kumapangidwa nthawi zonse ndipo kumakonzedwa molingana ndi zomwe zili m'mafuta ndi mapuloteni, zaka komanso kulemera kwa mwana. Kufunikira kumeneku ndikofunikira makamaka ku zovuta za matendawa, zomwe zimapezeka kawirikawiri kwa ana ndi achinyamata.
Nthawi zina, kukhazikitsa mfundo zamakudya tsiku lililonse zamagulu ochulukirapo kumatheka chifukwa chobwezeretsa zinthu, zomwe zimachitika molingana ndi mtengo wa chakudya.
Zinthu Zosinthika
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chiwerengerochi: barele kapena Buckwheat mu 60 g ndi ofanana mu chakudya chama 75 g oyera kapena 100 g mkate wakuda, kapena 200 g wa mbatata.
Ngati nkosatheka kupatsa mwana mankhwala omwe amafunikira panthawi yoikika, atha kubwezeretsedwanso ndi chinthu china chomwe chimapatsa mphamvu. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuphunzira momwe mungatchulidwenso.
Kuphatikiza apo, odwala omwe ali ndi shuga omwe amadalira insulin nthawi zonse amayenera kunyamula mankhwala aliwonse okhala ndi zakudya (maswiti, shuga, ma cookie, masikono). Akasewera "chisamaliro chodzidzimutsa" pakakhala vuto la hypoglycemic. Mawonedwe atsatanetsatane kwambiri atha kupezeka pamndandanda womwe uli pansipa.
Malinga ndi zopezeka mu chakudya, 20 g ya mikate yoyera kapena 25 g ya mkate wakuda itha kulowedwa:
- mphodza, nandolo, nyemba, ufa wa tirigu - 18 g;
- olowa - 17 g;
- oatmeal - 20 gr;
- pasitala, semolina, chimanga, barele, burwheat, chimanga, mpunga - 15 gr;
- kaloti - 175 gr;
- maapulo kapena mapeyala - 135 g;
- malalanje - 225 g;
- maapulo owuma - 20 gr;
- ma cherries okoma - 100 gr;
- mapichesi, ma apricots raspberries, gooseberries wakucha, currants, plums - 150 gr;
- mphesa - 65 gr;
- mabulosi abulu - 180 gr;
- mkaka wonse - 275 gr.
Malinga ndi zomwe mafuta, nyama ya gramu 100 ikhoza kusinthidwa:
- 3 mazira
- 125 gr kanyumba tchizi;
- 120 gr za nsomba.
Mwa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni, 100 g ya mafuta otsekemera amaloledwa:
- 400 gr wowawasa zonona, zonona;
- 115 g anyama anyama.
Kuphatikiza pa kuwerengera zomwe zili pazakudya ndi zopatsa mphamvu muzakudya, phindu la tsiku ndi tsiku la shuga liyeneranso kuwerengedwa. Itha kutsimikizika ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chonse mu chakudya ndi mapuloteni a ½. Kuwerengera uku ndikofunika kudziwa kulolera kwa chakudya cham'mimba komanso chakudya chamagulu mwa mwana wodwala.
Kuti muwone kuwongolera kulolerana kwa chakudya chamagulu komanso chakudya chamagulu, kuwonjezera pa kuchuluka kwa shuga mu chakudya, muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa shuga omwe amawonongeka tsiku lililonse mu mkodzo. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito mbiri ya glucosuric, yomwe imapereka lingaliro lolondola osati zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri, komanso za kuchuluka kwa glycosuria mosiyanasiyana masana a masiku malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zosakaniza zakudya zomwe zimadyedwa nthawi yomweyo.
Kukonza zakudya
Zakudya za ana omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kutengera gawo la matendawa ayenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe oyenera. Tanena kale kuti zakudya zofunikira kwambiri zopatsa thanzi kuti muchepetse kapamba (kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chambiri komanso kuchotsa shuga) zimaperekedwa gawo loyambirira la shuga komanso gawo loyambirira la shuga.
Kukula kwa mkhalidwe wa ketoacidosis sikungofunika kuchepa kokha kwa kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu mu chakudya, komanso choletsa kwambiri pa kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu chakudya cha ana.
Munthawi imeneyi, zakudya ziyenera kukhala zopatsa thanzi kwambiri. Kuchokera pamenyu muyenera kupatula kotheratu:
- tchizi
- batala;
- wowawasa zonona;
- mkaka wamafuta.
Zakudyazi ziyenera kulowedwa m'malo ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya chamafuta kwambiri:
- mbatata popanda zoletsa;
- mpukutu wokoma
- buledi
- zipatso zokoma;
- shuga.
M'nthawi ya chikomokere ndi pambuyo pake, mankhwalawa amayenera kukhala azipatso zokha komanso zipatso zamasamba, mbatata zosenda, zakudya. Amakhala ndi mchere wamchere ndipo amakhala ndi zamchere. Nutritionists amalimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa madzi amchere amchere (borjomi) muzakudya. Pa tsiku lachiwiri la boma pambuyo pa chikomokere, mkate umayikidwa, lachitatu - nyama. Mafuta amatha kuphatikizidwa mu chakudya pokhapokha ketosis itazimiririka.
Momwe mungasungire mankhwala a shuga
Kapangidwe kakapangidwe kazinthu zopangira zakudya ziyenera kukhala zogwirizana ndi mawonekedwe amasinthidwe am matendawa kapena matenda ena.
Mwachitsanzo, ndi ketoacidosis, chakudyacho chimayenera kupewera m'mimba mwa ana pamakina osakanikirana ndi mankhwala. Chifukwa chake, zogulitsazo ziyenera kutsukidwa (yosenda), mitundu yonse ya zitsulo siziyikidwa pambali.
Tcherani khutu! Mu shuga mellitus, pali kuthekera kwakukulu kwa matenda a chiwindi ndi m'mimba thirakiti. Chifukwa chake, kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, timalimbikitsidwa kwambiri popanga mankhwala.
Moyenera, chakudya chimayenera kukhala chofewa, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kukhala kokupatsa, koma kokhala ndi fiber zambiri. Mkate ndi bwino kudya mu mawonekedwe owuma, musaiwale za mchere wamchere.
Pokonzekera zakudya, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuyang'anira kwambiri zinthu zomwe zili ndi mankhwala a lipotropic:
- mitundu ina ya mwana wankhosa ndi nkhumba;
- nyama yamphongo;
- nsomba
- oat ndi mpunga groats;
- kanyumba tchizi, kefir, mkaka.
Zakudya za mwana wodwala ziyenera kuphatikizapo zinthu izi. Mukamawerengera ana omwe ali ndi zaka zosakwana 3, pali malangizo osiyana. Achinyamata amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni komanso zinthu zina. Koma chilichonse chikuyenera kufanana ndi kuchuluka kwa zolimbitsa thupi kwa achinyamata.
Chakudya cha mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa kamodzi kamodzi pakadutsa masiku 10 mpaka 14 panthawi yopuma. Poona mwana kunyumba, kuwerengera kwamunthu payekha kumalimbikitsidwa malinga ndi zaka zake, kuchuluka kwa zolimbitsa thupi ndi thupi.
