Glucose ndi m'gulu la monosaccharides, ndiye kuti ndi shuga wosavuta. Thupi, monga fructose, lili ndi fomula C6H12O6. Zonsezi ndizoyenda zokha ndipo zimasiyana wina ndi mzake pakukonzedwa kwa malo.
Glucose m'Chigiriki amatanthauza "shuga wa mphesa", koma mutha kupeza osati mphesa zokha, komanso zipatso zina zokoma komanso uchi. Glucose amapangidwa chifukwa cha photosynthesis. Mu thupi la munthu, chinthucho chimakhala ndi zochuluka kwambiri kuposa zovuta zina zosavuta.
Kuphatikiza apo, ma monosaccharides otsala omwe amadyedwa ndi chakudya amasinthidwa m'chiwindi kukhala glucose, womwe ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri la magazi.
Zofunika! Ngakhale kuperewera pang'ono kwa glucose kumatha kupangitsa munthu kuti azikomoka, kuyamba kuchita mantha, ngakhale kufa.
Glucose monga gawo lopangidwira limatenga nawo mbali pakapangidwe ka polysaccharides, makamaka:
- wowuma;
- glycogen;
- cellulose.
Ikalowa m'thupi laumunthu, glucose ndi fructose zimatengedwa mwachangu kuchokera kumimba yamagazi ndikulowetsa m'magazi, omwe amawanyamula ziwalo zonse ndi minyewa.
Kugawanika, glucose imatulutsa adenosine triphosphoric acid, yomwe imapatsa munthu 50% ya mphamvu zonse zofunika kuti akhale ndi moyo.
Ndi kufooka kwenikweni kwa thupi, glucose amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala omwe amathandiza:
- kuthana ndi zizindikiro za kuchepa magazi kapena kuledzera;
- limbitsa diuresis;
- thandizirani ntchito ya chiwindi, mtima;
- kubwezeretsa mphamvu;
- chepetsani zizindikiro za kudzimbidwa: nseru, kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba.
Kufunika kwa shuga kwa kagayidwe koyenera ka chakudya
Zakudya zonse zomanga thupi m'thupi zimawonongeka. Gawo limodzi limalowetsedwa m'magazi ena, enawo amasinthidwa kukhala malo ena osungirako mphamvu - glycogen, yomwe, ngati pakufunika, imasungidwanso mpaka glucose.
M'munda wazomera, wowuma amatenga gawo losungidwa. Pazifukwa izi, odwala matenda ashuga sayenera kudya masamba ndi zipatso zomwe zimakhala ndi wowuma kwambiri. Ngakhale wodwalayo sanadye maswiti, anangodya mbatata yokazinga - msinkhu wa shuga m'magazi ake unakwera kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti wowuma wasintha kukhala glucose.
Glycogen polysaccharide imapezeka m'maselo ndi ziwalo zonse za thupi. Koma malo ake osungirako bwino ali m'chiwindi. Ngati pakufunika kuwonjezera ndalama zamagetsi, glycogen, mphamvu, imaphwanya shuga.
Kuphatikiza apo, ngati pali kuchepa kwa mpweya, kuwonongeka kwa glycogen kumachitika mumsewu wa anaerobic (popanda kutenga mpweya). Njira yovuta chonchi imachitika mothandizidwa ndi masinthidwe 11 amitsempha yama cell. Zotsatira zake, kuwonjezera pa shuga, lactic acid imapangidwa ndipo mphamvu imamasulidwa.
Hemeni wa insulin, yomwe imayang'anira shuga m'magazi, imapangidwa ndi maselo a pancreatic beta. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa kuchepa kwamafuta mothandizidwa ndi insulin kumachepetsa.
Zomwe zimawopseza kusowa kwa shuga m'thupi
Lero ku pharmacy iliyonse mungagule glucometer. Ndi chida chodabwitsa ichi, anthu ali ndi mwayi wopimizira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi popanda kuchoka kunyumba.
Chizindikiro chotsika 3.3 mmol / L pamimba yopanda kanthu chimawerengedwa kuti ndichoperewera ndipo ndi mkhalidwe wa pathological wotchedwa hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia imatha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda a impso, matenda a impso, chiwindi, kapamba, hypothalamus, kapenanso kuperewera kwa vuto la m'thupi.
Zizindikiro za hypoglycemia:
- Kumva njala.
- Kugwedezeka ndi kufooka miyendo.
- Tachycardia.
- Zovuta zam'mutu.
- Kusangalala kwambiri kwamanjenje.
- Kuopa imfa.
- Kuwonongeka kwa chikumbumtima (hypoglycemic coma).
Odwala omwe ali ndi chibadwa cha hypoglycemia nthawi zonse azikhala ndi maswiti kapena chidutswa cha shuga.
Ngati zizindikiro zoyamba za hypoglycemia zimawonekera, kutsekemera uku kumayenera kudyedwa nthawi yomweyo.
Hyperglycemia
Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kulinso kwangozi. Inde, aliyense amadziwa matenda osokoneza bongo a matenda ashuga, koma si aliyense amene amamvetsetsa kuwopsa kwa matendawa.
Ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu ngati shuga yothamanga ili 6mmol / l ndikukwera.
Zizindikiro zina zokhala ndi matenda ashuga:
- Chilala chosasangalatsa.
- Ludzu losasunthika.
- Kukodza pafupipafupi.
- Kuchuluka kwa miyendo.
- Lethargy.
- Kuchepetsa thupi mwadzidzidzi.
Modabwitsa, ndi matenda a shuga, zimachitika motere: m'magazi mumakhala magazi ochulukirapo, ndipo maselo ndi minyewa zimasowa.
Izi ndichifukwa cha mavuto okhala ndi insulin. Matenda a Type 1 ndi 2 ndi oopsa kwambiri kwa anthu chifukwa cha zovuta zake, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimamupha.
Chifukwa chake, kupatula, anthu azidya moyenerera ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Kupanda kutero, mutha kupeza khungu, nephropathy, kuwonongeka m'mitsempha ya bongo ndi malekezero otsika, mpaka ku gangrene komanso kudulanso zina.
