M'zaka zaposachedwa, ziwerengero zamankhwala sizosangalatsa, chifukwa ochulukirapo omwe timathandizana nawo anayamba kudwala matenda a chithokomiro.
Monga lamulo, uku ndikuphwanya ntchito za thupili komanso kusakwanira kwa mahomoni. Cholinga chachikulu cha zinthuzi ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa ayodini komanso kuwonongeka msanga kwa chilengedwe.
Chimodzi mwazomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri chimatchedwa hypothyroidism. Ndi matendawa, mahomoni kwa nthawi yayitali amapangidwa osakwanira.
Ngakhale kusamala ndi kubisika kwa chitukuko cha matendawa, madotolo amatsimikizira mitundu yake yosasamalidwa nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha zizindikiro zowoneka bwino, kukakamiza kufunafuna thandizo posachedwa.
Ndani amayendetsa matenda?
Mavuto omwewo ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro amatha kuchitika mosasamala kanthu za jenda ndi msinkhu wa munthu. Gulu lowopsa limaphatikizapo omwe adadwala kapena akudwala:
- endemic goiter;
- autoimmune chithokomiro;
- subacute chithokomiro.
Hypothyroidism imathandizidwa kwambiri ndikusagwira bwino kwa hypothalamus ndi gitu. Ngati pakufufuza kwamankhwala kutsika kwa kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kukhazikitsidwa, ndiye kuti zoyambitsa vutoli ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndikuwunika kowonjezera kwamagazi pamahomoni.
Zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko cha hypothyroidism
Mankhwala amadziwa hypothyroidism yamkati komanso yachiwiri.
Poyamba
Pankhaniyi, chiwonongeko chimangopezeka mu chithokomiro cha chithokomiro. Njira yothandizira matenda amtunduwu imayambitsa kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono pakupanga kwa mahomoni.
Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo.
Choyamba, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya neoplasms, matenda opatsirana, chifuwa ndi kutupa m'mimba ziyenera kudziwika.
Kuphatikiza apo, zofunika kwa hypothyroidism ndi zovuta za njira zochizira chifukwa:
- opareshoni;
- Chithandizo cha poyizoni khosi pogwiritsa ntchito ayodini;
- kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochulukirapo a ayodini;
- kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a radiation a khansa zotupa za ziwalo zomwe zimakhala pafupi ndi khosi.
Nthawi zambiri, mahomoni satulutsa zokwanira chifukwa cha hypoplasia. Matendawa amadziwika ndi kufalikira kwa chithokomiro chifukwa cha zolakwika pakukula kwa intrauterine. Izi zimachitika mwa ana kuyambira pakubadwa mpaka zaka 2.
Hypothyroidism ikhoza kukhala njira yofunika kwambiri kwa matenda ashuga!
Sekondale
Ponena za hypothyroidism yachiwiri, amatanthauza kusokonezeka mu zochitika za mahomoni olimbikitsa chithokomiro. Itha kukhala ndi chipinda chosakwanira kapena sichingakhazikitsidwe. Mulimonsemo, chiwalo chosasinthika sichitha kupatsa thupi thyroxine.
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa maselo a pituitary zimatha kukhala zovuta zamagulu:
- kuvulala
- neoplasms;
- magazi osakwanira;
- chiwonongeko cha autoimmune.
Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa hypothyroidism ya pulayimale ndi sekondale ndikumamatira pazithunzi zamankhwala zisonyezo zowonongeka kwa ziwalo zina zamkati zamkati, mwachitsanzo, gland ya adrenal ndi thumba losunga mazira. Poona izi, kuphwanya kwakukulu kumawonedwa:
- luntha lachepera;
- kusokonezeka kwa maliseche;
- tsitsi lambiri la thupi;
- chisokonezo cha elekitirodi.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti hypothyroidism ikhoza kubisika kumbuyo kwa "masks" ambiri. Ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa mahomoni, mwachitsanzo, azimayi, amakhala ndi nkhawa, amazunzidwa ndi kusowa tulo komanso mavuto ena ogona.
Ngati simuchiza matendawa, pakapita nthawi, matenda a intracranial oopsa amakhala ndi migraines yosalekeza imawonedwa.
Hypentroidism yachilendo imakhala ikuchitika mwatsatanetsatane wa thoracic ndi cervical osteochondrosis.
Nthawi zambiri, "masks" amtima wamatenda amapezeka: kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kolesteroli wamagazi ochepa komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Ndimayeso ati omwe amafunikira?
Monga lamulo, hypothyroidism imalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro. Vutoli limayambitsa kufooka kwa mphamvu zamagetsi. Chifukwa chake, choyamba, muyenera kuyesa mayeso a mahomoni.
Maphunziro azachipatala oterowo amathandizira kuzindikira koyenera ndikuyamba chithandizo chokwanira. Izi zikugwirizana ndi izi:
- ambiri mkhalidwe wodwala;
- gulu;
- kunyalanyaza matendawo.
Sichidzakhala chopupulika kuyesa mayeso apadera omwe angathandize kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro komanso kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwake.
Poyamba, adokotala amalimbikitsa kuperekera magazi a venous kuti aunikidwe. Ngati pali matenda, ndiye kuti mahomoni m'mudzimo amakhala ocheperako poyerekeza ndi chizolowezi chovomerezeka. Kwa bambo wathanzi, chizindikiro chovomerezeka chimachokera ku 9 mpaka 25 ml, komanso kwa mkazi kuyambira 9 mpaka 18.
Kufufuza kwa Ultrasound (ultrasound) sikungakhale kothandiza kwambiri. Malinga ndi zotsatira zake, adotolo azitha kuzindikira kupatuka kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro pazachikhalidwe ndikukhazikitsa kunyalanyaza kwa hypothyroidism.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chiwalocho chimatha kukulitsidwa pang'ono pa nthawi yakutha msambo komanso kusamba. Chizindikiro choterechi chimawerengedwa kuti ndi chizolowezi.
Mayeso a mahormoni amatha kukhala osiyanasiyana pamilandu. Wodwala amatha kupatsidwa magazi a TSH (mahomoni olimbikitsa a chithokomiro). Ndi kuchuluka kwake, titha kulankhula zochepetsetsa chithokomiro. Panthawi imeneyi, wodwala adzafunika kuti apitirize kuphunzira za triiodothyronine (T3) ndi thyroxine (T4).
Kutengera ndi zomwe zapezeka, endocrinologist imapereka mankhwala oyenera, omwe wodwalayo ayenera kutsatira chimodzimodzi. Kupanda kutero, kuchepa kwa mahomoni kumadwalanso. M'magawo apamwamba, myxedema coma imatha kukula.
Kodi kusanthula kumeneku kudzakhala kwodalirika?
Kuti mupeze zotsatira zolondola kwambiri masiku 30 lisanachitike tsiku la sampuli ya magazi kuti muyezedwe, mahomoni sayenera kuphatikizidwa ngati palibe malangizo ena a dokotala. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kusiya osachepera masiku atatu:
- kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi ayodini;
- ntchito zolimbitsa thupi;
- kusuta fodya komanso mowa.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti magazi a mahomoni amaperekedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu. Komanso, wodwalayo ayenera kupumula kwa theka la ora.
Kodi chiwopsezo cha hypothyroidism ndi chiyani?
Kugwira bwino ntchito kwa ziwalo zambiri ndipo pafupifupi masisitimu onse amthupi kumadalira magwiridwe antchito a chithokomiro. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyang'anira chithokomiro cha chithokomiro komanso ngati pali zizindikiro zowopsa, kuyesedwa ndi endocrinologist munthawi yake.
Hypothyroidism ndiowopsa kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto la matenda ashuga komanso mtima. Amayi oyembekezera ayenera kusamala makamaka.
Kuchepa kwa mahomoni kumakhudza kwambiri kukula kwa mwana wosabadwayo ndipo kungayambitse kupunduka kapena kubereka msanga.
Kuphatikiza apo, zovuta mu chithokomiro cha chithokomiro zimatha kubala.
Popita nthawi yonseyi matenda amtundu wa endocrine, amatha kuthekera kosintha kwa zinthu zina mthupi zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kusokonekera kwa mahomoni m'magazi. Pazifukwa izi, ndikofunikira kuyesa magazi kwa mahomoni panthawi.
