Insulin yachangu yaumunthu imayamba kugwira ntchito mkati mwa mphindi 30-45 pambuyo pa jakisoni, mitundu yamakono yotsalira ya insulin (Apidra, NovoRapid, Humalog) - ngakhale mwachangu, amafunika mphindi 10-15 zokha. Apidra, NovoRapid, Humalog - uyu si insulin kwenikweni yaumunthu, koma ma analogues ake abwino.
Komanso, poyerekeza ndi insulin yachilengedwe, mankhwalawa ndi abwino chifukwa amasinthidwa. Chifukwa cha machitidwe awo abwino, mankhwalawa, atalowa m'thupi, amachepetsa msanga kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Ma analulin obwera posachedwa-pang'onopang'ono adapangidwa kuti apangitse kuthamanga kwa shuga m'magazi. Vutoli limachitika nthawi zambiri pamene wodwala matenda ashuga amafuna kudya chakudya champhamvu kwambiri.
Pochita, mwatsoka, lingaliro ili silinadzilungamitse lokha, popeza kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zoletsedwa chifukwa cha matenda ashuga, mulimonse, kumadzutsa shuga.
Ngakhale mankhwalawa monga Apidra, NovoRapid, Humalog akupezeka m'manja mwa wodwalayo, wodwala matenda ashuga amayenera kutsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa. Ma enamel a Ultrafast amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zomwe zimafunikira kuti achepetse shuga msanga momwe zingathere.
Chifukwa china chomwe nthawi zina mumayenera kuti mupange insulin ya ultrashort ndi pamene sizingatheke kudikirira mphindi 40-45 musanadye, ndikofunikira kuti muyambe kupatsidwa insulin.
Mofulumira kapena jakisoni wa insulin musanadye chakudya chofunikira kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe amakhala ndi hyperglycemia atatha kudya.
Osati nthawi zonse ndi matenda ashuga, zakudya zamagulu ochepa zam'mimba komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo zimakhala ndi zotsatira zoyenera. Nthawi zina, njira izi zimapatsa wodwala nkhawa yochepa chabe.
Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 amapanga nzeru kungoyesa insulin yayitali pakanthawi kamankhwala. Zingakhale kuti kukhala ndi nthawi yopuma kuchokera pakukonzekera insulini, kapamba imakhudzidwa ndipo imayamba kudzipanga payokha ndikulimbikitsa kuzimitsa kwa glucose m'magazi popanda jakisoni woyamba.
Mulimonsemo matenda, lingaliro la mtundu wa insulin, kuchuluka kwake ndi maola ovomerezeka amapangidwa pokhapokha wodwalayo atadziyang'anira yekha shuga masiku osachepera asanu ndi awiri.
Kuti apange chiwembuchi, onse adokotala ndi wodwala ayenera kuchita ntchito molimbika.
Kupatula apo, mankhwala abwino a insulin sayenera kufanana ndi chithandizo chokwanira (jekeseni wa 1-2 patsiku).
Mofulumira komanso mankhwala a insulin
Ultrashort insulin imayamba kugwira ntchito yake kale kwambiri kuposa momwe thupi la munthu limayambira ndikusunga mapuloteni, ena omwe amasinthidwa kukhala glucose. Chifukwa chake, ngati wodwala amatsata zakudya zama carb ochepa, insulin yochepa, yoyendetsedwa musanadye, ndibwino kuposa:
- Apidra
- NovoRapid,
- Chichewa.
Mwachangu insulin iyenera kuperekedwa kwa mphindi 40-45 musanadye. Nthawi ino ndi yodziwika, ndipo kwa wodwala aliyense imakhazikitsidwa chimodzimodzi. Kutalika kwa zochitika zazifupi ma insulin pafupifupi maola asanu. Ndi nthawi imeneyi kuti thupi la munthu lifunika kugaya chakudya kwathunthu.
Ultrashort insulin imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosayembekezereka pamene shuga yotsitsidwa imafulumira kwambiri. Mavuto a shuga amakula munthawi yomwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumawonjezeka, motero ndikofunikira kuti achepetse ngati pakukula. Ndipo pankhaniyi, mahomoni a ultrashort amachita bwino.
Ngati wodwala akudwala matenda a shuga "ofatsa" (shuga amawoneka yekha ndipo zimachitika mwachangu), jakisoni wowonjezera wa insulin pamenepa safunika. Izi ndizotheka ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri.
Insulin yomaliza
Ma insulini othamanga kwambiri amaphatikizapo Apidra (Glulisin), NovoRapid (Aspart), Humalog (Lizpro). Mankhwalawa amapangidwa ndi makampani atatu omwe amapikisana nawo. Insulin yachilendo yamunthu ndiyifupi, ndipo ultrashort - awa ndi ma fanizo, ndiye kuti amawongolera poyerekeza ndi insulin yeniyeni ya anthu.
Chomwe chikuwongolera ndikuti mankhwalawa amachepetsa kwambiri shuga kuposa ochepa. Zotsatira zimachitika mphindi 5-15 pambuyo pa kubayidwa. Ma insulin a Ultrashort adapangidwa kuti azitha kuthandiza odwala matenda ashuga nthawi ndi nthawi kuti azidya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu.
Koma izi sizinakwaniritse. Mulimonsemo, chakudya chopatsa mphamvu zimachulukitsa shuga mwachangu kuposa momwe insulin yatsopano kwambiri yocheperako ingachezere. Ngakhale pakhale mitundu yatsopano ya insulin pamsika wamafuta, kufunikira kwa zakudya zamagulu ochepa a shuga kumakhalabe kofunikira. Iyi ndi njira yokhayo yopewera zovuta zazikulu zomwe zimabweretsa matenda obisika.
Kwa odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu 1 ndi 2, kutsatira zakudya zamagulu ochepa, anthu a insulin omwe amawoneka kuti ndi abwino kwambiri jakisoni asanadye, m'malo mwa mayeso a ultrashort. Izi zikuchitika chifukwa chakuti thupi la wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kudya michere yambiri, choyamba amadaya mapuloteniwo, kenako gawo lina limasinthidwa kukhala glucose.
Izi zimachitika pang'onopang'ono, ndipo zochita za ultrashort insulin, m'malo mwake, zimachitika mwachangu kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, ingogwiritsani ntchito insulin yochepa. Insulin yolowera iyenera kukhala mphindi 40-45 musanadye.
Ngakhale zili choncho, ma insulini othamanga kwambiri amathanso kukhala othandiza kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe amaletsa kudya zakudya zamagulu ochepa. Wodwala akazindikira kuchuluka kwa shuga kwambiri akamatenga glucometer, pamenepa ma insulini okhazikika kwambiri amathandiza kwambiri.
Ultrashort insulin imatha kukhala yothandiza musanadye chakudya m odyera kapena paulendo pomwe sipangakhale njira yodikirira mphindi 40-45.
Zofunika! Ma insulin afupiafupi amayenda mwachangu kwambiri kuposa apafupipafupi. Pankhaniyi, milingo ya ultrashort analogues ya mahomoni iyenera kutsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi Mlingo wofupikitsa wa insulin wa anthu.
Kuphatikiza apo, mayesero azachipatala adawonetsa kuti zotsatira za Humalog zimayamba mphindi 5 kale kuposa momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito Apidra kapena Novo Rapid.
Zabwino ndi zoyipa za ultrafast insulin
Ma analogi apamwamba kwambiri a insulin (ngati akuyerekeza ndi mahomoni amfupi aanthu) ali ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zina.
Ubwino:
- Peak pachimake pa chochita. Mitundu yatsopano ya insulin ya ultrashort imayamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu - pambuyo pa jekeseni pambuyo pa mphindi 10-15.
- Kuchita mwachidule kukonzekera kwakanthawi kumapangitsanso kuti thupi lizikhala ndi chakudya chokwanira, pokhapokha ngati wodwalayo amatsata zakudya zochepa.
- Kugwiritsira ntchito insulin ya ultrafast ndikosavuta kwambiri pamene wodwala sangadziwe nthawi yotsatira chakudya, mwachitsanzo, ngati ali panjira.
Mothandizidwa ndi chakudya chamafuta ochepa, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti odwala awo, mwachizolowezi, azigwiritsa ntchito insulin yochepa anthu asanadye, koma mankhwalawo akhale ochepa pakakhala nthawi yapadera.
Zoyipa:
- Mwazi wamagazi umatsikira kuposa pambuyo pobayidwa jakisoni wa insulin yochepa.
- Ma insulin amafupikirako amayenera kuperekedwa kwa mphindi 40-45 musanayambe kudya. Ngati simumayang'anira nthawi yino ndikumayamba chakudyacho kale, kukonzekera kochepa sikungakhale ndi nthawi yoyambira, ndipo magazi ake amalumpha.
- Chifukwa chakuti kukonzekera kwa insulin kopambana kumakhala ndi nsonga zakuthwa, ndizovuta kwambiri kuwerengetsa moyenera kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amayenera kudyedwa nthawi ya chakudya, kotero kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikwabwinobwino.
- Zochita zimatsimikizira kuti mitundu yomaliza ya insulini sikhala yokhazikika pazotsika zamagazi m'magazi kuposa zazifupi. Zotsatira zake sizikulosera ngakhale atavulazidwa pang'ono. Palibe chifukwa cholankhulira pamlingo waukulu pankhaniyi.
Odwala ayenera kukumbukira kuti mitundu yomaliza ya insulin ndi yamphamvu kwambiri kuposa othamanga. 1 unit ya Humaloga ichepetsa shuga la magazi nthawi 2,5 mwamphamvu kuposa 1 unit ya insulin yochepa. Apidra ndi NovoRapid ndi pafupifupi 1.5 nthawi yayikulu kuposa insulin yochepa.
Malinga ndi izi, mlingo wa Humalog uyenera kukhala wofanana ndi 0,4 Mlingo wa insulin yofulumira, komanso mlingo wa Apidra kapena NovoRapida - pafupifupi mlingo wa ⅔. Mlingo uwu umawoneka kuti ndiwowonekera, koma mlingo weniweni umatsimikiziridwa muzochitika zonse zatsopano.
Cholinga chachikulu chomwe munthu aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga amayenera kuchita ndikuchepetsa kapena kupewa kupeweratu matenda a m'mimba. Kuti mukwaniritse cholinga, jakisoni musanadye uyenera kuchitika ndi nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti, dikirani nthawi ya insulini ndipo kenako yambani kudya.
Mbali inayi, wodwalayo amayesetsa kuwonetsetsa kuti mankhwalawa ayamba kutsika magazi mokhazikika panthawi yomwe chakudya chikuyamba kuchuluka. Komabe, ngati jakisoni wachita bwino pasadakhale, shuga m'magazi angachepe mofulumira kuposa chakudya chomwe chidzawonjezera.
Pochita, zatsimikiziridwa kuti kubaya insulin yayifupi kuyenera kuchitidwa mphindi 40-45 chakudya chisanachitike. Lamuloli siligwira ntchito kwa omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi mbiri ya matenda a shuga a gastroparesis (chapambuyo pang'onopang'ono atatha kudya).
Nthawi zina, komabe, odwala amapezeka omwe ma inshuwaransi amafupikiridwawo amakhala m'magazi makamaka pang'onopang'ono pazifukwa zina. Odwala amayenera kupanga jakisoni wa insulin pafupifupi maola 1.5 asanadye. Mwachilengedwe, izi ndizosokoneza. Zili kwa anthu oterowo kuti kugwiritsa ntchito ma ultrashort insulin analogu ndizofunikira kwambiri. Chothamanga kwambiri pa iwo ndi Humalog.
