Matenda a shuga ndi matenda ovuta omwe amakhudza dongosolo la endocrine la anthu. Chizindikiro cha odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amawaganizira kuti ndi shuga wambiri, omwe amawerengedwa kuti ndi chifukwa cha kusakhalapo kwathunthu kapena kusowa kwa insulini, komanso kusachita bwino pakulimbana ndi maselo amthupi.
Insulin ndi mahomoni opangidwa ndi kapamba. Amayankha ndipo amachititsa kagayidwe, i.e. chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni. Komabe, zochuluka zake zimafikira ndendende pakusinthana kwa shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, shuga amawoneka ngati gwero lalikulu lamphamvu.
Kufufuza shuga kumachitika pafupifupi minyewa yonse ndi ziwalo zonse zomwe zimagwira ntchito ya insulin. Ngati munthu ali ndi vuto la insulin, adotolo amafufuza matenda am'mimba a matenda oyamba, ngati pali zifukwa zotsutsana ndi insulin ndi maselo ena - ichi ndi matenda osokoneza bongo a mtundu wachiwiri.
Komabe, mulimonsemo, zenizeni za matendawa amakhalabe amodzi. Mwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga, shuga ochulukitsa amadzaza m'magazi osalowa m'maselo a thupi. Zinafika kuti ziwalo zonse, kupatula zomwe zimadziimira palokha, zimangokhala zopanda mphamvu.
Mosasamala mtundu wa matenda a shuga omwe akuwganiziridwa, kuyambika kwa matendawa kungathe kupewedwa. Gulu lamavuto limaphatikizapo magulu otsatirawa a anthu:
- Iwo omwe abale awo ali ndi matenda ashuga;
- Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kunenepa kwambiri ndi matenda a shuga kapena onenepa kwambiri;
- Ana obadwa ndi kulemera kosakwana 2,5 makilogalamu kapena kupitirira 4.0 kg. Komanso amayi a ana obadwa ndi kulemera kwama kilogalamu oposa anayi;
- Anthu azaka zopitilira 45;
- Anthu omwe moyo wawo ungatchulidwe;
- Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa, kuchokera ku kuwonongeka kwa shuga.
Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga ndi waukulu. Ndiamene amapezeka mu 95 peresenti ya milandu. Podziwa zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti kupewa koyambirira komanso kwachiwiri kwa matenda ashuga kumawerengedwa kuti ndi mwayi wopewa matendawa komanso zovuta zake zonse.
Ma phylactics amasiyana wina ndi mnzake chifukwa chakuti choyambirira ndi kuteteza matendawa kuti asayambenso, ndipo cholinga chachiwiri ndikupewa kupezeka kwamavuto omwe ali kale ndi ashuga.
Kupewa koyamba
Poyamba, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti masiku ano pali zida zofufuzira zokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha mthupi zomwe zimalola munthu wathanzi kwathunthu kuti azindikire mu magawo oyamba chizolowezero cha matenda ashuga 1. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa magawo omwe angalole kwa nthawi yayitali kuti achepetse kukula kwa matenda omwe amafunsidwa.
Kupewa koyamba matenda ashuga a 1 kumatanthauza zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Kuyamwitsa wakhanda kwa mwana kumachepera chaka. Izi ndichifukwa choti mwana amalandila matupi apadera oteteza thupi kudzera mkaka wa m'mawere, zomwe zimalepheretsa kukula kwa ma virus komanso matenda opatsirana. Komanso, ng'ombe lactose yomwe ili muzosakanikirana imatha kusokoneza ntchito za kapamba.
- Kupewa kwa chitukuko cha matenda aliwonse omwe angatengere, monga kachilombo ka herpes, rubella, fuluwenza, mumps ndi zina zambiri.
- Ana amafunikira kuphunzitsidwa kuyambira adakali achichepere kuti athe kulabadira pamavuto, komanso kuwazindikira.
- Zogulitsa zomwe zimakhala ndi zowonjezera zamtundu wazakudya zamzitini ziyenera kusiyidwa kwathunthu kuzakudya. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi siziyenera kukhala zachilengedwe zokha, komanso zamakhalidwe.
Kupewera kwa matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba kumayambira ndi kudya kwapadera. Pakadali pano, pakulimbikitsidwa kuti aliyense adye zakudya zopatsa thanzi, chifukwa kuphatikiza mafuta osavuta ochulukirapo komanso mafuta omwe amapezeka muzakudya zambiri kumabweretsa mavuto ambiri azaumoyo.
Zakudya zimawerengedwa kuti ndi gawo lofunikira la njira zopewera matenda, kuphatikiza, ndizofunikanso zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda ayambe kuyenda bwino. Cholinga chachikulu cha chakudyachi chimatchedwa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zili ndi chakudya. Komabe, imathandizanso kumwa nyama zamafuta, zomwe zimasinthidwa ndi mafuta azamasamba.
Zakudya za wodwala wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa masamba ndi zipatso acidic, zomwe zimakhala ndi CHIKWANGWANI kwambiri, chomwe chimalepheretsa chakudya cham'mimba. Komabe, zakudya zilizonse sizingagwire ntchito ngati munthu wakhazikika, amangokhala.
Ngati sizotheka kukaona malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, muyenera kungopatula ola limodzi la nthawi yoyenda tsiku lililonse ndi zinthu zamasewera, masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusambira kapena kupalasa njinga.
Kuphatikiza apo, kupewera koyambirira kwa matenda ashuga kumapangidwanso kuti munthu asakhazikike m'maganizo.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu omwe ali m'dera langozi ayenera kulumikizana ndi anthu abwino, achite zomwe amakonda ndikuyesera kupewa zovuta.
Kupewa kwachiwiri
Kupewa mavuto kumachitika ngati munthuyo ali kale ndi matenda ashuga. Zotsatira za matendawa zitha kukhala zosiyana kotheratu. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti matenda ashuga amawerengedwa ngati vuto lalikulu, chifukwa amabweretsa zovuta zazikulu:
- Matenda a mtima, kuphatikizira myocardial infarction, matenda a coronary, atherosulinosis, ndi ena.
- Diabetesic retinopathy, yomwe imadziwonetsa ngati kuchepa kwa masomphenya.
- Neuropathy, yomwe imakhazikika, khungu lowuma, kuchepa kwawo, komanso kukokana komanso kupweteka m'miyendo.
- Phazi la matenda ashuga, lomwe limawonetsedwa ndi zilonda za necrotic komanso zotupa pa mapazi.
- Nephropathy, kutanthauza kuphwanya impso ndi mawonekedwe a mapuloteni mumkodzo.
- Mavuto opatsirana.
- Comas.
Monga lamulo, zovuta zambiri zimapangika ndi mawonekedwe a insulin. Chifukwa chake, njira yoyamba yodzitetezera ndi kuwunika bwino, kuwunika shuga wamagazi, komanso kutsatira malingaliro aulendo wopita kwa endocrinologist, kumwa insulini mu mlingo woyenera ndi mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga.
Pofuna kupewa zovuta zomwe zimakhudza mtima wamtima, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kolesterol yamagazi, komanso kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Wodwalayo ayenera kuchotsa mafuta a nyama pachakudya chake, komanso kusiya zosokoneza bongo monga kusuta fodya komanso mowa.
Anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto amawonedwe, kuphatikizapo glaucoma, matenda amkati, ndi zina zotero. Izi pathologies zimatha kuchotsedwa pokhapokha poyambira kukula, chifukwa chake wodwalayo ayenera kulinganiza kukaonana ndi dokotala wamaso.
Kuwonongeka kulikonse pakhungu pofuna kupewa kuyambika kwa njira yodziwikiratu kuyenera kuthandizidwa ndi antiseptic.
Kuphatikiza apo, ukhondo wa matenda oyambitsidwa ndi thupi, komanso kuwunikira momwe mano alili ndi mkamwa, ulinso wazofunikira.
Zakudya
Chakudya chokhwima chomera chimafunikira, ngakhale utakhala kuti umaganizira za matenda ashuga, zomwe ndi kupewa matenda obwera chifukwa cha matendawa. Mitundu ina yonse yopanda chakudya chopangidwa mwaluso sichothandiza.
Munthu yemwe ali m'dera langozi kapena wodwala kale matenda ashuga ayenera kudya malinga ndi zakudya zopezeka m'thupi. Kumwa kwamafuta okwanira ndi zakudya zamafuta pang'ono kumachepetsedwa, kuphatikiza mitundu yonse ya mafuta, uchi, shuga ndi zina zambiri. Maziko a menyu azikhala zinthu zodzaza ndi ulusi wosungunuka, komanso ma carbohydrate ovuta.
Makonda ayenera kuperekedwa kwa nkhuku, nsomba zamafuta ochepa, zakudya zamasamba, komanso ma compote ndi mankhwala azitsamba popanda shuga wowonjezera. Chakudya chiziphikidwa, kudyetsa, kuwiritsa, koma osathira. Kupatula kwathunthu kuchokera ku menyu omwe mumafunikira zakumwa zochokera ku kaboni, maswiti, zakudya zam'malo mwachangu, chilichonse chamchere komanso chosuta.
Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi tomato, tsabola wa belu, nyemba, zipatso za zipatso, walnuts ndi rutabaga. Mitundu yatsopano imayenera kuwonjezeredwa ku mbale zilizonse. Ngati munthu wanenepa kwambiri, ayenera kuyiwala za zodyera pambuyo pa 6 madzulo, komanso kuchepetsa kumwa, mkaka ndi nyama, kuti achepetse kupanikizika.
Chifukwa chake, njira zodzitetezera ziyenera kutengera. Ngakhale zakudya sizithandiza kuteteza matenda ashuga, zimathandizira kwambiri, sizingatheke kuwonetsa zovuta zomwe zingayambitse imfa ya wodwala. Kanema yemwe ali munkhaniyi akuthandizani kumvetsetsa komwe kupewa matenda ashuga kuyenera kukhala.
