Shuga imatha kukhala yoyambira, yogawa m'mitundu iwiri, komanso yachiwiri. Matenda oyamba a shuga ndi matenda odalirika a inshuwaransi kapena osadalira insulini. Amayamba kudziimira pawokha.
Sekondale yokhala ndi matenda a shuga ndi chizindikiro chachiwiri cha matenda ena. Nthawi zambiri vutoli limawoneka motsutsana ndi maziko azovuta za kapamba kapenanso chifukwa cholephera kugwira ntchito kwa dongosolo la endocrine.
Komabe, matenda ashuga opatsirana siofala kwambiri. Kupatula apo, ndi 1% yokha ya odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matendawa.
Chithunzi cha chipatala cha matenda amtunduwu chimachoka ndiku chizindikiro cha matenda a shuga 1. Komabe, panthawiyi palibe autoimmune zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matendawa atukuke.
Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga umapezeka mwa anthu onenepa kwambiri. Matendawa amakula pang'onopang'ono, motero zimakhala bwino.
Zomwe zimayambitsa ndikudziwikiratu
Matenda a shuga a sekondale amachitika chifukwa chonyansa mu endocrine system komanso chifukwa chosagwira bwino ntchito kwa kapamba. Poyambirira, zomwe zimayambitsa shuga wambiri m'magazi zimayambira matenda angapo:
- Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome, momwe mumakhala kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a adrenocorticotropic.
- Acromegaly ndimatenda a anterior pituitary gland, amadziwika ndi kupanga kwakukulu kwa mahomoni okula.
- Pheochromocytoma ndi chotupa mu gland ya adrenal, momwe ma catecholamines, omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga, amatulutsidwa m'magazi.
- Matenda a Wilson - Konovalov - amadziwika ndi kusagwira bwino ntchito posinthana ndi mkuwa, chifukwa cha momwe amadziunjikira ziwalo zamkati.
- Hemochromatosis ndikuphwanya kagayidwe kazitsulo, chifukwa chomwe chimasonkhanitsidwa m'matumbo a ziwalo zamkati, kuphatikizapo kapamba.
- Cohn's syndrome ndimatenda omwe amakhudza ma grenal adrenal, momwe aldosterone imapangidwira kwambiri. Hormone iyi imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito shuga.
Komanso, mitundu yachiwiri ya matenda ashuga imabuka motsutsana ndi mavuto omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kapamba. Izi zimaphatikizapo zotupa - khansa, somatostinoma ndi lucagonoma.
Kuchotsa kwa chiwalo kapena kapamba, pancreatic necrosis ndi kapamba zimasokonezeranso kuchuluka kwa kugaya kwa shuga. Komanso, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga zimatha kuwonongeka kwa pancreatic kapena poyizoni pafupipafupi ndi zinthu zapoizoni.
Zomwe zimatsogolera pakupezeka kwa matenda ashuga ndi chibadwidwe. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi banja la odwala matenda ashuga amafunika kuwunika nthawi ndi nthawi.
Kukhala wonenepa kwambiri kumathandizanso kuti matendawo akule. Kupatula apo, zolakwika m'matumbo am'mimba zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa maid ndi cholesterol m'thupi. Poterepa, wosanjikiza wamafuta amapangika pa kapamba omwe amalepheretsa kugwira ntchito kwake.
Zinthu zotsatirazi zomwe zimasokoneza kayendedwe ka shuga mthupi ndizosagwira ntchito m'mimba.
Kulephera kwammimba kumathandizanso kuti zinthu ziziwoneka bwino.
Chithunzi cha kuchipatala
Malo otsogola a mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga amakhala ndi zizindikiritso za matenda omwe amayambitsa mawonekedwe ake. Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zimachitika monga kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumasintha.
Odwala omwe amadalira insulin adazindikira kuti panthawi yopanga matendawa anali ndi mawonekedwe awa:
- kamwa yowuma
- kupanda chidwi ndi malaise;
- kukodza pafupipafupi;
- ludzu.
Kumauma ndi kuwawa mkamwa kumabweretsa chifukwa choti munthu amakhala ndi ludzu pafupipafupi. Zizindikiro zotere zimawonekera ndi kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi, chifukwa chomwe impso zimathandizira.
Zofooka zimachitika chifukwa chogwira ntchito molimba ziwalo, zomwe zimathandiza kuti azivala mwachangu. Komanso, wodwalayo atha kukhala ndi chidwi chambiri. Chifukwa chake thupi limayesetsa kubwezeretsanso mphamvu, koma chodabwitsa cha matenda ashuga ndichakuti ngakhale atadya zakudya zopatsa thanzi kwambiri, wodwalayo amachepetsa thupi.
Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga zitha kuonekera kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa shuga kumakhala kwabwinobwino. Komabe, zitatha kupsinjika ndi katundu, zizindikiro zake zikukula kwambiri. Pakufunika kwakanthawi matenda ndi chithandizo chotsatira, matendawa amatenga mawonekedwe omwe amafunika insulin.
Chithandizo
Cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwalawa ndikuchotsa matenda omwe akutsogolera kapena chifukwa chomwe chinayambitsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chake, ngati mawonekedwe ake adayambitsa kulephera kwa impso, ndiye kuti dokotalayo amapereka mankhwala a hepatoprotectors ndi mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito chitetezo mthupi.
Ngati zifukwa zoyambitsira matendawa ndizonenepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti zakudya ndizofunikira. Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kudya chakudya chomwe chimathandizira njira zama metabolic ndikuchotsa shuga mthupi. Ndi zovuta ndi thirakiti la m'mimba, muyenera kudya moyenera ndikumwa mankhwala omwe amathandizira kukonza chimbudzi.
Mwakutero, chithandizo cha matenda ashuga achiwiri ndi ofanana ndi a matenda amitundu iwiri. Ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kutsatira kadyedwe. Pachifukwa ichi, mafuta osaposa 90 g ayenera kudya chakudya chimodzi.
Komanso p
Pamaso pachakudya chilichonse muyenera kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mkate. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa za shuga (koloko, tiyi, khofi, misuzi ndi shuga).
Monga chithandizo chamankhwala, dokotala atha kukulemberani kuchokera ku gulu la sulfonylureas (Diabeteson, Amaryl, Maninil). Mankhwala opangidwa mwatsopano omwe amakonzanso chidwi cha maselo kuti apange insulin akuphatikizira Pioglitazone, Avandia, Actos, ndi ena.
Mankhwala ophatikizidwa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matenda oyamba a shuga ndi mitundu ina ya matendawa ndi Glukovans, Metaglip, Glybomet. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga azikhala m'magazi mutatha kudya amaphatikiza dongo.
Monga mankhwala omwe amachedwetsa kugaya ndi kugaya chakudya m'matumbo, Acarbose, Dibicor ndi Miglitol amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwala othandizira odwala matenda ashuga, dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors, amathanso kukonzekera. Monga chowonjezera, physiotherapy ya matenda a shuga imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Physiotherapy ndikofunikira kuti pakhale matenda a shuga. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe akudwala matendawa amawonetsedwa mtundu womwewo wa katundu, monga:
- kukwera njinga;
- Kuyenda
- kusambira
- kuthamanga;
- aerobics.
Njira ndi mulingo wa katundu zimatsimikiziridwa ndi adotolo, kutengera zaka za wodwalayo, mawonekedwe ake a thupi komanso kupezeka kwa matenda olimba.
Koma pakuchotsa kapamba, njira zamankhwala zingasinthidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, jakisoni wa insulin amaperekedwa nthawi zonse kwa munthu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa matenda ashuga a matenda ozizira kumadalira kuchuluka kwa chitukuko cha matendawa. Ndi nthenda yofatsa yamatenda, chithandizo chimakhala ndikutsatira zakudya zinazake, kukhala ndi moyo wabwino komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Pakati pagawo la matendawa, ngati sizingatheke kutulutsa shuga, ndikofunikira kutsatira kadyedwe, masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusiya zizolowezi zoyipa. Koma panthawi imodzimodzi, mankhwala a antipyretic amaperekedwa kwa wodwala.
Pankhani ya matenda oopsa a shuga, mankhwalawo ndi omwewo. Komabe, insulin yokhazikika imawonjezeredwa kwa iye pamtundu wa mankhwala omwe adokotala adawauza. Kanema yemwe watchulidwa munkhaniyi akupitiliza kukamba za zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda ashuga.
