M'malo mwa insulin: ma fanizo a anthu pa matenda a shuga

Odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amasangalatsidwa ndi funso lomwe insulin analogue imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kutsitsa shuga.

Masiku ano, njira yodalirika yotereyi ndi yotchuka kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa cha zinthu monga:

1. Insulin ya mafakitale imawonetsa kukhathamiritsa kwambiri.
2. Mankhwalawa ndi otetezeka.
3. Ndiwosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.

Mankhwala amakono amakupatsani mwayi kusintha mlingo kutengera kusintha kwa chinsinsi cha mahomoni ndi thupi lokha.

Chofunikira kwambiri ndi funso lomwe limatanthauzira za insulin pochiza matenda a shuga. Odwala ambiri amadziwika posachedwa kapena kuchokera piritsi kupita jekeseni. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusankha mankhwala amakono komanso othandiza kwambiri a jakisoni.

Kuthanso kwa insulin kwa odwala omwe akutenga kale jakisoni wa mankhwalawa. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika ngati chithandizo chachitika ndi mankhwala akale. Chifukwa cha izi, zoyipa monga:

• Kuwonongeka kwakuthwa.
• Kuzindikira kwa ziwalo zonse zamkati.
• Amadumphadumpha pafupipafupi m'magazi a shuga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale hypoglycemia kapena hyperglycemia

Koma, zowona, ndi dokotala yekha yemwe amatha kupanga nthawi yokhayo, ayenera kupenda wodwalayo kwathunthu ndikupeza ngati pali zotsutsana ndi analogue inayake ya insulin.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mankhwala?

Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu pakusankha ma analogi a insulin ndi chinthu monga kuthamanga kwa zotsatira zakepi. Mwachitsanzo, pali ena omwe amachita mwachangu kwambiri ndipo jakisoni amayenera kuchitidwa mphindi makumi atatu kapena makumi anayi asanadye. Koma pali iwo omwe, m'malo mwake, ali ndi mphamvu yayitali kwambiri, nthawi imeneyi imatha kufikira maola khumi ndi awiri. Potsirizira pake, njira iyi ingapangitse kukula kwa hypoglycemia mu shuga mellitus.

Pafupifupi mitundu yonse yamakono ya insulini imagwira ntchito mwachangu. Wotchuka kwambiri ndi insulin yakwathupi, imagwira mphindi imodzi kapena yachisanu pambuyo pa jakisoni.

Mwambiri, ndikofunikira kuwunikira zabwino zotsatirazi zamakono:

1. Mayankho osavomerezeka.
2. Mankhwalawa amapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamakono wama DNA.
3. Mafuta amakono a insulin ali ndi mankhwala atsopano.

Chifukwa cha zonse zomwe zili pamwambapa, zinali zotheka kukwanitsa bwino bwino pakati pa chiwopsezo chokhala ndi spikes mwadzidzidzi m'magawo a shuga ndikupeza zizindikiro za glycemic.

Mwa mankhwala odziwika amakono amatha kuzindikira:

• Analog ya ultrashort insulin, yomwe ndi Apidra, Humalog, Novorapid.
• Yaitali - Levemir, Lantus.

Wodwala akakhala ndi vuto lililonse pambuyo pa jakisoni, adokotala akuwonetsa kulowetsanso insulin.

Koma muyenera kuchita izi pokhapokha poyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri ndikuyang'anira momwe wodwalayo akusamalirani.

Zambiri za Humalog (lispro ndi kusakaniza 25)

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazidaliro zotchuka kwambiri - ma analogues amadzi aanthu. Kuzindikira kwake kumachitika chifukwa chakuti imatengedwa mwachangu m'magazi a munthu.

Ndizofunikanso kudziwa kuti ngati mutaba jakisoni mwanjira inayake komanso muyezo womwewo, ndiye kuti maola 4 mutatha jakisoni, kupsinjika kwa mahomoni amabwereranso ku msika wake wapoyamba. Poyerekeza ndi insulin wamba, nthawi imeneyi imakhala yochepa kwambiri chifukwa nthawi imeneyi imatha pafupifupi maola 6.

China chomwe chalowa m'malo mwa insulin ya anthu ndichakuti chimanenedweratu momwe mungathere, kotero nthawi yosinthira imadutsa popanda zovuta ndipo ndizosavuta. Kutalika kwa mankhwalawa sikukutengera mlingo. M'malo mwake, ngakhale mutachulukitsa mlingo wa mankhwalawa, nthawi yamachitidwe ake imakhala yomweyo. Ndipo izi zimapereka chitsimikizo kuti wodwala sanachedwe glycemia.

Makhalidwe onse omwe ali pamwambapa amawapangitsa kukhala ofanana momwe angathere ndi insulin yaumunthu wamba.

Ponena za kusakaniza kwa Humalog 25, ziyenera kudziwika pano kuti izi ndi zosakanikirana za zinthu monga:

1. Unyinji wonenepa wa horosro (75%).
2. Insulin Humalog (25%).

Chifukwa cha gawo loyamba, mankhwalawa amakhala ndi nthawi yambiri yolumikizidwa ndi thupi. Mwa mitundu yonse ya insulin yomwe ilipo ya mahomoni amunthu, imapereka mwayi wambiri kubwereza momwe basal imapangidwira payokha.

Mahomoni ophatikizika nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe akuvutika ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matendawa. Mndandandandawu umaphatikizapo odwala omwe ndi okalamba kapena omwe ali ndi vuto la kukumbukira.

Izi ndichifukwa choti timadzi timeneti titha kuthandizira nthawi yomweyo tisanadye, kapena pambuyo pake.

Zoyenera kusankha - Apidra, Levemir kapena Lantus?

Ngati tizingolankhula za mahomoni oyamba, ndiye momwe zimakhalira mwachilengedwe zimafanana kwambiri ndi Humalog yomwe tafotokozazi. Koma ponena za mitogenic komanso metabolic zochita, ndizofanana ndi insulin yaumunthu. Chifukwa chake, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwanthawi yayitali. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti imayamba kuchita jakisoni mutayamba kubayidwa.

Monga momwe zimachitikira ndi Humalog, analog iyi ya insulin yamunthu nthawi zambiri imasankhidwa ndi anthu okalamba. Kupatula apo, imatha kumwedwa nthawi isanayambe kapena itatha.

Ponena za Levemir, imakhala ndi nthawi yayitali. Iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri pa tsiku ndipo kenako idzakhala yoyenera kusunga tsiku lonse tsiku.

Koma Lantus, mmalo mwake, amachita mwachangu kwambiri. Komanso, imasungunuka bwino m'malo okhala acidic pang'ono, imasungunuka m'malo osalowerera ndale kwambiri. Mwambiri, kufalitsidwa kwake kumatenga pafupifupi maola makumi awiri ndi anayi. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo amatha kubaya kamodzi kokha patsiku. Ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti ikhoza kudulidwira m'chigawo chilichonse cha thupi: m'mimba, mkono kapena mwendo. Nthawi yayitali ya kuchitapo kwa mahormoni ndi maora makumi awiri ndi anayi, ndipo okwera amakhala makumi awiri ndi zisanu ndi zinayi.

Lantus ali ndi izi:

1. Tiziwalo zonse zam'mthupi zomwe zimatengera insulin zimayamba kudya shuga bwino.
2. Amachepetsa shuga wamagazi.
3. Imachepetsa njira yogawa mafuta, mapuloteni, kotero chiwopsezo chowonjezera kuchuluka kwa acetone m'magazi ndi mkodzo umachepetsedwa.
4. Imalimbikitsa kagayidwe ka minofu yonse mthupi.

Kafukufuku onse akutsimikizira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mosalekeza malo a insulin yaumunthu kumapangitsa kuti kuthekera kwathunthu kutsanzira kapangidwe kazinthu zachilengedwe izi kamanoni m'thupi.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji?

Pakafunsidwa funso lomwe lingalowe m'malo mwa insulin mthupi, chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikuwunika wodwalayo ndikuwonetsa zonse zomwe zikuchitika pa matenda a shuga mellitus wodwala wina. Ndi zoletsedwa konse kusintha wogwirizira yemwe wasankhidwa kapena kusinthana ndi jakisoni mutamwa mapiritsi osapita kukaonana ndi dokotala.

Pambuyo pofunsidwa mozama, dokotalayo amatha kupereka chilolezo chake kuti asinthe mankhwalawo kapena kuwapatsa mankhwala kwa nthawi yoyamba.

Musaiwale kuti pakugwiritsa ntchito chida china, ndikofunikira kumuwunika wodwalayo pafupipafupi. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika pofuna kudziwa ngati kusintha kwamphamvu kwa thupi la wodwalayo kumachitika ndikumalandira jakisoni, ngati matenda enanso amakumana, komanso ngati pali vuto la hypoglycemia. Kuti atsatire zonsezi, wodwalayo ayenera kupita pafupipafupi kwa endocrinologist wake ndikudziwitsa momwe thanzi lake lilili.

Koma kupatula malangizo onse omwe ali pamwambawa, muyenera kuvomerezabe zakudya zoyenera nthawi zonse. Komanso khalani ndi moyo wathanzi. Kuyenda mokhazikika mumweya watsopano kumapangitsa matendawo kukhala athanzi, komanso kudzapangitsanso kupanga kwa insulin kwa thupi la wodwalayo palokha.

Posachedwa, pali maupangiri ambiri posankha zakudya zoyenera komanso zakudya zapadera zomwe zimathandizira kubwezeretsa kapamba ndi kukonza kupanga kwa mahomoni omwe tatchulawa. Koma, zoona, musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito malangizowo, muyenera kufunsa dokotala. Kanemayo munkhaniyi amafotokoza za insulin.