Kukula kwa shuga m'magazi ndi chizindikiro chofunikira chomwe chimafuna chisamaliro chapadera. Nthawi zambiri, kuphwanya koteroko kumadziwika mwangozi. Nthawi zina, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumawonetsedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Kutsitsa shuga m'magazi kumatha kuchitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, kudzera pakusintha kwa moyo. Madokotala akuti chithandizo cha matenda aliwonse sichingabweretse zotsatira zoyenera ngati zakudya sizitsatiridwa pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
Mothandizidwa ndi zakudya komanso mankhwala, nthawi yokwanira yokhala ndi shuga m'magazi imakhazikitsidwa. Zaka zaposachedwa, munthu aliyense wa 50 padziko lapansi ali ndi matenda a shuga. Ndi shuga wambiri, chakudya ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuteteza matenda a shuga komanso kukhazikika.
Zizindikiro za matenda ashuga ndi matenda okhudzana nawo
Matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba amachitika chifukwa kapamba amasiya kupanga insulini yokwanira. Izi matenda amawonetsedwa chifukwa cha njira ya pathological mu minofu ya tinyezi, ma cell ake β-amafa. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 amayamba kudalira insulini ndipo sangakhale moyo wopanda jakisoni.
Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa insulin m'magazi kumakhalabe kwabwinobwino, koma kulowa kwake m'maselo kumakhala kovuta. Izi ndichifukwa choti mafuta omwe amapezeka pamwamba pa maselo amadetsa nembanemba ndikulepheretsa zolandilira zomwe zimasunga mahomoni awa. Chifukwa chake, mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga sudalira insulin, ndiye kuti palibe chifukwa chobayira.
Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi kumachitika pamene mphamvu ya thupi yakuyamwa insulini italekeka. Chifukwa chakuti mahormoni sanagawidwe molondola, imakhazikika m'mwazi.
Zophwanya malamulo zotere nthawi zambiri zimalimbikitsidwa ndi:
- matenda a chiwindi
- cholesterol yayikulu
- kunenepa
- chifuwa chachikulu,
- chibadwire.
Madokotala amakhulupirira kuti shuga wabwinobwino wamwazi ndi 3.4-5.6 mmol / L. Chizindikiro ichi chimatha kusintha tsiku lonse, komwe ndi njira yachilengedwe. Ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa kuti zotsatirazi zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa shuga:
- mimba
- matenda oopsa.
Yemwe amatsatidwa ndimadwala osalekeza, kutopa ndi mantha nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi matendawa.
Ngati zinthu zoyenera zimatengedwa nthawi yomweyo, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa shuga kumabwezeretseka. Hyperglycemia ndiwowonjezera kuchuluka kwa shuga wopitilira 5.6 mmol / L. Zakuti shuga zimakwezedwa zitha kunenedwa ngati kuyezetsa magazi kambiri kuchitidwa kwakanthawi. Ngati magazi aposa 7.0 mmol, izi zimawonetsa matenda ashuga.
Ndi shuga ochulukirapo pang'ono, mumafunikira menyu tsiku lililonse.
Pali malo angapo omwe akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi:
- kukodza pafupipafupi
- kutopa
- kufooka ndi ulesi,
- kamwa yowuma, ludzu,
- chikhumbo chachikulu cha kuchepa thupi,
- kuchira kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mabala ndi mabala,
- kufooketsa chitetezo chokwanira,
- kuchepa kwa masomphenya
- Khungu.
Zochita zikuwonetsa kuti zizindikirazi zimawonekera, osati nthawi yomweyo. Ngati munthu waona zizindikirozi, ayenera kumayesedwa posachedwa kupewa matenda oyipa.
Malangizo ofunikira
Ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe mungadye komanso zomwe muyenera kupewa. Nthawi zambiri, chithandizo chamankhwala chimagwiritsidwa ntchito malinga ndi tebulo la chithandizo cha Pevzner No. 9. Zakudya izi zimapangitsa kuti:
- Sinthani magazi
- cholesterol yotsika
- Chotsani kudzikuza,
- kusintha magazi.
Zakudya zoterezi zimatanthawuza kuchepa kwa caloric kudya patsiku. Kuchuluka kwa mafuta a masamba ndi chakudya chamagulu pamenyu kumachepetsedwa. Ngati mutsatira pulogalamu yotere, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimalocha shuga.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zotsekemera pamisika ndi pamsika ili pamsika. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kusiyiratu cholesterol ndi zinthu zina zowonjezera. Odwala akuwonetsedwa mavitamini, lipotropic zinthu ndi fiber fiber. Zonsezi zili m'mizere, zipatso, tchizi komanso nsomba.
Kuti muchepetse shuga m'magazi, muyenera kutaya kupanikizana, ayisikilimu, muffin, maswiti ndi shuga. Kuphatikiza apo, simuyenera kudya tsekwe komanso nyama ya bakha.
Kupatula kuchakudya:
- mkaka wophika
- zonona
- nsomba zamtundu wamafuta
- zopangidwa ndi mchere
- ma yogurts okoma
- yophika mkaka wophika.
Shuga wapamwamba ndi contraindication kuti adye pasitala, mpunga, msuzi wama nyama ndi semolina. Palibe chifukwa chodya zokometsera ndi zokometsera, masamba osankhidwa, komanso zokometsera zosiyanasiyana.
Anthu omwe ali ndi shuga wambiri sayenera kudya mphesa ndi zoumba, komanso zipatso zotsekemera, kuphatikiza nthochi. Zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi misuzi yokhala ndi shuga ndizoletsedwa.
Menyu yokhala ndi shuga wambiri imaphatikizapo zinthu kuchokera ku mbewu zonse zamphesa, nyama yotsika ndi nsomba. Kuphatikiza apo, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri, mitundu yambiri yamafuta, mitundu yambiri ya chimanga iyenera kupezeka mu chakudya. Mutha kudya mazira ochepa.
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amafunika kudya kuchuluka kwa mkaka wokhala ndi mafuta ochepa. Zakudya zotsekemera ndizovomerezeka, koma ndimapuma ataliatali.
Zosinthazo ziyenera kukhala ndi masaladi atsopano, omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, komanso okometsedwa ndi mafuta a azitona, yogati yopangira tokha kapena zonona wowonda wowonjezera.
Zolemba pa zakudya
Odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kusankha pamasamba a sabata. Chakudya cham'mawa, mumatha kudya oatmeal ndi batala pang'ono. Komanso, odwala matenda ashuga amaloledwa kudya masangweji a mkate wa rye ndi tchizi chamafuta ochepa komanso tiyi wopanda mafuta. Pambuyo maola ochepa, munthu amatha kudya apulo kapena tchizi chamafuta.
Pa nkhomaliro, muyenera kuphika msuzi ndipo chachiwiri, mwachitsanzo, phala la buckwheat ndi cutlet ya nkhuku. Chakudya chamasana chimakhala ndi zipatso zosapsa. Chakudya chamadzulo, odwala matenda ashuga amatha kudya saladi wamasamba wokhala ndi nyama kapena nsomba, komanso tiyi kapena compote.
Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a munthu, ndikofunikira kuwerengera zakudya zam'kalori za tsiku ndi tsiku. Chakudya cham'mawa nthawi yoyamba yomwe mukufuna 8 koloko m'mawa. Zopatsa mphamvu zam'mawa koyamba ziyenera kukhala 20% ya zopatsa mphamvu za tsiku ndi tsiku, kuyambira 480 mpaka 520 kilocalories.
Chakudya cham'mawa chachiwiri chizichitika 10 koloko m'mawa. Zopatsa mphamvu zake zopatsa mphamvu ndiz 10% za voliyumu ya tsiku ndi tsiku, ndiye kuti, 240-260 kilocalories. Chakudya chamadzulo chimayamba cha 13 pm ndipo chimapanga pafupifupi 30% ya zopatsa mphamvu za tsiku ndi tsiku, zomwe ndi ofanana ndi 730-760 calories.
Zakudya zosafunikira kwa maola 16, chakudya cham'mawa chimakhala pafupifupi 10% ya zopatsa mphamvu za tsiku ndi tsiku, ndiye kuti, 250-260 calories. Chakudya chamadzulo - 20% ya calories kapena 490-520 calories. Nthawi ya chakudya chamadzulo ndi maola 18 kapena pang'ono pang'ono.
Ngati mukufuna kudya, mutha kupanga chakudya chamadzulo nthawi ya 20 pm. Pakadali pano, simungathe kudya zopitilira 260 kilocalories.
Ndikofunikira kuphunzira mwatsatanetsatane kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya zinthu zomwe zikuwonetsedwa pama tebulo a kalori.
Kutengera ndi izi, mndandanda wa sabata umapangidwa.
Gome 9 ya matenda ashuga 1
Anthu odwala matenda amtundu wa 1 amafunikira jakisoni wa insulin nthawi zonse. Wodwala amayenera kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa ma enzyme ndi shuga. Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira molakwika kuti ngati mumangopaka jekeseni wa insulin, kufunika kowunikira zakudya zanu kumazimiririka. Ndikofunikira kupanga zakudya zomwe zimachepetsa shuga.
Madokotala akuwunikira mfundo zoyambirira za zakudya zopatsa thanzi za mtundu woyamba wa shuga:
- Kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamasamba. Mashuga osavuta kudya saloledwa. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zabwino za odwala matenda ashuga,
- Chakudya chizikhala chambiri, koma chamtundu. Tsiku lomwe muyenera kudya pafupifupi nthawi 5-6,
- M'malo mwa shuga, wokoma amatengedwa,
- Zakudya zamafuta ochepa komanso zowonjezera zimawonetsedwa.
- Zogulitsa zonse ziyenera kuwiritsa, kuphika kapena kuwotchera,
- Kuwerengera magawo a mkate kumafunika.
Mutha kutsitsa shuga ngati mugwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga izi:
- Zipatso ndi zipatso,
- Zogulitsa chimanga
- Chimanga ndi mbatata
- Zogulitsa ndi sucrose.
Seaweed imapindulitsanso kwambiri kwa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2. Mutha kuphika misuzi ndi ma broth pa nsomba zonenepa kwambiri komanso nyama. Zipatso za acid zimaloledwa. Dokotala yekha yemwe amachititsa mankhwalawa amatha kumwa shuga.
Ndi chilolezo cha adotolo, mungathe kudya zakudya zamkaka. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kirimu wowawasa, tchizi ndi zonona sizikupezeka konse. Zonunkhira ndi msuzi siziyenera kukhala zowawa ndi zonunkhira.
Mpaka 40 g yamafuta masamba ndi mafuta amaloledwa tsiku lililonse.
Chakudya cham mkate
Zakudya zokhala ndi shuga wambiri ziyenera kuchepetsedwa kuwerengera magawo a mkate - XE. Gulu la chakudya kapena mkate ndiye kuchuluka kwa chakudya chodwala chomwe chimayang'ana pa index ya glycemic, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse zakudya za omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.
Misonkhano, mkate ndi wofanana ndi 10 g wa mkate wopanda ulusi kapena 12 g wokhala ndi ulusi. Ndi ofanana ndi 22-25 g mkate. Chipangizochi chimalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi pafupifupi 1.5-2 mmol / L.
Munthu wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa tebulo lapadera pomwe pali mitundu yonse ya mkate, zomwe ndi:
- Zipatso
- Zamasamba
- Zopangira buledi,
- Zakumwa
- Krupakh.
Mwachitsanzo, mu chidutswa cha mkate woyera ndi 20 g XE, chidutswa cha Borodino kapena rye mkate - 25 g XE. Pafupifupi 15 g mikate yopezeka ndi supuni:
- Oatmeal
- Utsi
- Mapira
- Buckwheat phala.
Kuchuluka kwa XE kumapezeka mu zinthu monga:
- Kapu ya kefir - 250 ml XE,
- Beets - 150 g
- Mandimu atatu kapena kagawo ka chivwende - 270 g,
- Kaloti atatu - 200 g,
- Makapu amodzi ndi theka a madzi a phwetekere - 300 g XE.
Gome lotere liyenera kupezedwa ndikupanga zakudya zanu pa icho. Kuti muchepetse shuga m'magazi, muyenera kudya kuyambira 3 mpaka 5 XE pa chakudya cham'mawa, chakudya chachiwiri - osapitilira 2 XE. Chakudya chamadzulo ndi nkhomaliro mulinso 3-5 XE.
Zosintha zachitsanzo
Zakudya Na. 1
Choyamba kadzutsa: 120 g ya tchizi chamafuta ochepa, 60 g a zipatso, kapu ya kefir.
Chakudya cham'mawa chachiwiri: 200 g ya phala ya chimanga, 100 g ya nkhuku yofinya, 60 g nyemba zowiritsa ndi apulo.
Chakudya chamasana: msuzi 250 ml mu msuzi wamafuta ochepa, 100 g ya nyama yophika, nkhaka, kapu ya tiyi yokhala ndi m'chiuno.
Zosadya: 150 g kanyumba tchizi casseroles, tiyi.
Chakudya choyamba: 150 g nsomba zothosi, 200 g masamba ophika, msuzi wa currant.
Chakudya chachiwiri: 200 ml ya yogati yachilengedwe ndi sinamoni.
Zakudya No. 2
Choyamba kadzutsa: 120 g ya oatmeal ndi yogurt, 60 g ya zipatso, khofi ndi mkaka.
Chakudya cham'mawa chachiwiri: 200 g ya phala la buckwheat, 100 g ya nyama yamchere yophika, 60 g ya nandolo yophika.
Chakudya chamadzulo: 250 ml ya borsch yotsika, 100 g ya yophika mwanawankhosa, phwetekere, zipatso ndi kapu ya kulowetsedwa ndi aronia.
Zosadya: 150 g mousse ndi kanyumba tchizi, kapu ya tiyi.
Chakudya chamadzulo choyamba: 150 g ya kalulu wowiritsa, 200 g wa masamba mphodza, msuzi wa rosehip.
Chakudya chachiwiri: 200 ml ya kefir yokhala ndi sinamoni. Kanemayo munkhaniyi ayankhula za zomwe ziyenera kukhala zakudya za anthu odwala matenda ashuga.
