Insulin ya odwala matenda ashuga amtundu woyamba, ndipo kawirikawiri, ndi mankhwala ofunikira. Imalowa m'malo mwa insulin ya mahomoni, yomwe kapamba amayenera kutulutsa zochuluka.
Nthawi zambiri, odwala amapatsidwa insulin yochepa komanso ya ultrashort, jekeseni omwe amaperekedwa pambuyo chakudya. Koma zimachitikanso kuti insulin yogwira ntchito yayitali ndiyofunika, yomwe ili ndi zofunika zina panthawi ya jakisoni.
Pansipa tikambirana mayina amalonda a insulin omwe amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali, momwe amapangira mankhwala ndi milandu ngati jakisoni wawo akufunika, komanso ndemanga ya odwala matenda ashuga pakugwiritsa ntchito insulin yayitali.
Wokhala insulin yayitali
Anthu odwala matenda ashuga a mtundu woyamba amapatsidwa insulini ngati insal insulin, ndipo wachiwiri monga mono-tiba. Lingaliro la basal insulin limatanthawuza insulin, yomwe imayenera kupangidwa m'thupi masana, mosasamala zakudya. Koma ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 shuga, si odwala onse omwe ali ndi kapamba omwe amatha kutulutsa timadzi tating'onoting'ono timene timatulutsa timadzi tambiri.
Mulimonsemo, mankhwalawa amtundu wa 1 amaphatikizidwa ndi jakisoni afupiafupi kapena owonjezera-a insulin. Jekeseni wambiri wa insulin amachitidwa m'mawa pamimba yopanda kamodzi, patsiku, zosakwana awiri.Mankhwala amayamba kugwira ntchito pambuyo pa ola limodzi mpaka atatu, amagwira ntchito kuyambira maola 12 mpaka 24.
Milandu pakakhala kofunikira kuti mupereke insulin yayitali:
- kuponderezana kwam'mawa kucha;
- kukhazikika kwa shuga m'magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu;
- chithandizo cha mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kuti asatenge kusintha kwa mtundu woyamba;
- mu mtundu woyamba wa shuga, kupewa ketoacidosis ndi kusungidwa pang'ono kwa maselo a beta.
Ma insulin owonjezera omwe amakhala osachita masewera anali ochepa posankha, odwala adalembedwa NPH-insulin yotchedwa Protofan. Imakhala ndi mtundu wamtambo, ndipo jekeseni isanayambe kugwedezeka. Pakadali pano, gulu la endocrinologists lazindikira motsimikiza kuti Protofan ili ndi vuto loyipa la chitetezo cha mthupi, ndikulimbikitsa kuti lipange ma antibodies a insulin.
Zonsezi zimabweretsa momwe ma insulin antibodies amalowera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yogwira ntchito. Komanso, insulin yomangidwa imatha kukhala yotakataka ngati izi sizifunikanso. Kuchitikaku kumakhala kotheka kukhala ndi chikhalidwe chofooka ndikupanga kulumpha pang'ono mu shuga, mkati mwa 2-3 mmol / L.
Izi sizimamvedwa makamaka ndi wodwala, koma, zambiri, chithunzi cha chipatala chimakhala chosatsutsa. Posachedwa, mankhwala ena apangidwa omwe samakhudza thupi la wodwalayo. Analogi
- Lantus;
- Levemir.
Amakhala ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino, safuna kugwedezeka pamaso pa jekeseni. Anulin yokhala ndi insulin ingagulidwe mosavuta pa pharmacy iliyonse.
Mtengo wapakati wa Lantus ku Russian Federation umachokera ku 3335 - 3650 rubles, ndi Protofan - 890-970 rubles. Kuunika kwa odwala matenda ashuga kumawonetsa kuti Lantus ali ndi vuto lofanana ndi shuga m'magazi tsiku lonse.
Asanapereke insulin yayitali, endocrinologist imafunikira kuti wodwalayo azilemba ndi magazi a shuga, omwe amapangidwa sabata limodzi mpaka atatu tsiku lililonse. Izi zikuwonetsa chithunzi chathunthu cha kulumpha m'magazi a magazi ndi kufunikira kwake, kapena kuthetsedwa kwa kusankha kwa insulin.
Ngati dokotala atakufotokozerani mankhwalawa osaganizira za chithunzi cha kuchuluka kwa shuga, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kulumikizana ndi endocrinologist wina.
Limagwirira zake ntchito yaitali insulin
Mankhwala omwe amagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali amaphatikiza kukonzekera kwa insulin yayitali komanso yayitali. Kuphatikiza apo, oyamba amayamba kugwira ntchito mthupi mkati mwa ola limodzi - maola awiri, mpaka kufika maola 4 - 11, nthawi yonse ya maola 9 - 12.
Mankhwala a nthawi yapakatikati amawayamwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo amakhala ndi mphamvu yayitali. Izi zimatheka chifukwa cha prolongator yapadera - protamine kapena zinc. NPH-insulin imaphatikizanso mu protamine ya kapangidwe kake kamapezeka mkaka wa nsomba mu gawo la stoichiometric.
Pamsika wa mankhwala a anthu odwala matenda ashuga, kukonzekera kwa insulin kwa nthawi yayitali kumaperekedwa:
- Insulin engineering insulin, mayina amalonda Protafan XM, Humulin NPH, Biosulin, Gansulin.
- Insulin yopanga yaumunthu - Humador, Biogulin.
- Chithandizo cha nkhumba cha monogi - Protafan MS;
- Insulin mu kuyimitsidwa pawiri - Monotard MS.
Mankhwala omwe akhala akuchita kwa nthawi yayitali amayamba kugwira ntchito yake mkati mwa maola 1.5 pambuyo pa jekeseni, nthawi yonse ndi maola 20 - 28. Komanso, mankhwalawa amagawa insulin m'thupi la wodwalayo momwemonso, zomwe zimakongoletsa chithunzi cha kuchipatala ndipo sizipangitsa kusintha pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa jakisoni wa insulin yochepa komanso yapamwamba.
Mankhwala omwe akhala akuchita kwa nthawi yayitali amaphatikizapo insulin glargine, yomwe imafanana ndi insulin ya anthu. Sichikhala ndi zochitika zapamwamba, chifukwa zimatulutsidwa m'magazi mosalekeza. Glargin ali ndi acid pH yoyenera. Izi sizimaphatikiza makina ake ophatikizidwa ndi ma insulin amafupifupi ndi a ultrashort, popeza mankhwalawa alibe pH yopanda malire.
Mankhwalawa a insulin nthawi zambiri amapezeka poyimitsa ndipo amaperekedwa ngati amkakamiza kapena kudzera m'mitsempha. Mayina Ogulitsa:
- Insulin Glargine Lantus.
- Chithandizo cha insulin
Pali contraindication amenewa jakisoni wa insulin glargine ndi khungu - matenda ashuga, chisanadze.
Pansipa pali malangizo atsatanetsatane ogwiritsira ntchito insulin Lantus.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa
Lantus Solostar 1 ml imakhala ndi insulin glargine mu kuchuluka kwa 3.63 mg, womwe ndi wofanana ndi 100 IU ya insulin ya munthu.
Zina zomwe zimaphatikizidwapo: glycerol, chloride ya sodium, sodium hydroxide, madzi a jakisoni.
M'mawonekedwe, ndimadzimadzi owoneka bwino, osapaka khungu la kulowetsa pang'onopang'ono mu minofu ya adipose ya wodwalayo. Mankhwala ali ndi mitundu ingapo yomasulidwa:
- Dongosolo la OpticClick, lomwe limaphatikizapo ma cartridge atatu 3 ml. Makatoni asanu phukusi limodzi.
- 3 ml OptiSet Syringe Mapensulo Insulin ikatha, mumangofunika kugula cartridge yatsopano ndikuyiika mu cholembera. Phukusi limodzi la makatoni, ma cholembera asanu.
- Lantus Solotar, ma cartridge atatu a 3 ml. Amayikidwa modabwitsa mu cholembera kuti agwiritse ntchito kamodzi, makatoni sanasinthidwe. Phukusi limodzi la makatoni, ma cholembera asanu, popanda singano zamajekeseni.
Lantus ndi mankhwala a gulu la pharmacotherapeutic a mankhwala antidiabetes. The yogwira thunthu wa Lantus - insulin glargine ndi analogue anthu insulin basal kanthu. Sungunuka kwathunthu m'magazi. Kuchita kwa insulin kumachitika mwachangu.
Mankhwala amakhudza thupi la wodwalayo:
- Amachepetsa magazi.
- Zimawonjezera kukhathamira kwa glucose ndikugwiritsa ntchito mwa minofu yam'magazi ndi minofu ya adipose.
- Imathandizira biotransfform ya glucose kukhala glycogen m'chiwindi.
- Mu minofu yamatenda, imawonjezera kupanga mapuloteni.
- Kuchulukitsa kwa lipid.
Ndi bwino kupanga jakisoni kamodzi patsiku, ndi endocrinologist wokhayo amene amapereka mlingo wa mankhwalawo, poganizira kuopsa kwa matendawa. Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi shuga omwewo, Mlingo amathanso kukhala osiyana, chifukwa cha zotsatira zosiyanasiyana pa thupi la wodwalayo komanso zolimbitsa thupi.
Lantus amangopatsidwa matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri, kwa akulu ndi ana opitirira zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa sikunayesedwe kwa ana ochepera zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Zotsatira zoyipa za insulin zimawonetsedwa makamaka pakukhazikitsa mlingo woyenera. Mitu ikuluikulu ndi:
- Hypoglycemia.
- Neuroglycopenia
- Malangizo oletsa Adrenergic.
Thupi lawo siligwirizana mu mawonekedwe a kuyabwa, kuwotcha ndi urticaria pamalo a jekeseni kumatha kukhalanso. Chizindikiro cha komweko chimatha mpaka masiku asanu ndi awiri ndipo chimadzichitira chokha.
Malangizo apadera: mankhwalawa sayenera kusakanikirana ndi mitundu ina ya insulin, chifukwa Lantus ili ndi acid p p. Jekeseni amayenera kuperekedwa nthawi yomweyo, osadya. Kanema yemwe ali munkhaniyi akukuuzani amene amasankhidwa kuti akhale ndi insulin.
