Matenda a shuga amatchedwa endocrine pathology, chifukwa cha omwe michere ya michere imawonedwa m'thupi la munthu. Pakadali pano, matendawa ndi osachiritsika, koma chithandizo chokwanira chimathandiza kukonza bwino, komanso kupewa mavuto.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zothandiza pochiza chithandizo chabwino ndi kudya kwa thanzi, kutsatira zomwe zimathandizira kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, komanso kupewa kupitilira kwa matendawa.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndikulimbikitsidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga kuti azikhala ndi moyo wakhama, kuti abweretse zolondola zolimbitsa thupi m'miyoyo yawo. Kuchita kumawonetsa kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse kumathandiza kulipirira matendawa.
Kodi tiyenera kuganizira chiyani memo popewa matenda ashuga? Kodi ndi mfundo ziti za zakudya zomwe odwala ayenera kutsatira, ndipo zakudya za shuga zimaphatikizapo chiyani?
Mawonekedwe a zakudya mu shuga
Ngozi yayikulu kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndi chakudya cham'mimba, zomwe zimapangitsa shuga kuwonjezeka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zakudya zapadera zimalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala.
Kuyambira zaka makumi awiri za zana lomaliza, tebulo nambala zisanu ndi zinayi lidapangidwa, omwe ndi malamulo ndi malingaliro zokhudzana ndi zakudya. Powona regimen iyi, ndikofunikira kudya nthawi zambiri, nthawi yomweyo m'magawo ang'onoang'ono.
Ndikofunikira kuti gawo lirilonse limaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwamagulu ochulukirapo amomwe amaphatikizidwira. Kuti achepetse kuwerengera, madokotala anayambitsa mawu monga mkate. Gulu limodzi la mkate limafanana ndi magalamu 12 a chakudya. Ndipo patsiku, ndizololeka kuti munthu wodwala matenda ashuga asamapatsenso 25 mkate.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ndi mtundu wa shuga wachiwiri, odwala ndi onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri, motero kudya No. 8 ndikulimbikitsidwa kwa odwala otere. Zimatanthawuza kuti kuchuluka kwambiri kwa zopatsa mphamvu patsiku sikoposa 1800 zopatsa mphamvu.
Kabuku kapadera kanapangidwira anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, omwe akuwonetsa zakudya zingapo zomwe zimaloledwa kudya:
- Porridge (barele, barele wa peyala, mapira, buckwheat).
- Zinthu za nyemba (nyemba ndi nandolo).
- Zinthu zophika buledi zokhala ndi chinangwa kapena kuwonjezera pa ufa wa buckwheat.
- Masamba (zukini, biringanya, kabichi, dzungu).
- Zipatso (malalanje, maapulo ndi ena).
Zinthu zonse zomwe zili pamwambazi zimatha kudyedwa tsiku lililonse, osachita mantha kuti glucose imadzuka kwambiri mutatha kudya. Kuphatikiza apo, amathandizira kukhutitsa thupi, kuthetsa kumverera kwanjala.
Ndi chisamaliro chapadera, tikulimbikitsidwa kudya mbatata, kaloti ndi beets, chifukwa zimakhala ndi wowuma kwambiri.
Matenda odwala matenda ashuga
Mutu wa matenda ashuga ndi nkhani yofunikira, popeza matendawa ali m'malo achitatu chifukwa cha kufala pakati pa anthu azaka zonse. Zokha, siowopsa pamoyo waanthu.
Komabe, matenda okoma amabweretsa zovuta zambiri, chifukwa chomwe munthu amatha kulephera kugwira ntchito, kulemala, ndi zina zambiri.
Ndi matenda a shuga, muyenera kuwona bwino kugona ndi kupuma. Zochita zonse zomwe zimafuna kukhala ndi thanzi labwino zimafuna kukhala ndi ndandanda yabwino. Kukwera m'mawa, kuphunzira kapena kugwira ntchito, jakisoni wa insulin, kudya chakudya ndi mankhwala, kupuma, kukagona - zonsezi zimachitika molingana ndi dongosolo linalake, lomwe siliyenera kusinthidwa.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndizichita kumapeto kwa sabata limodzi ndi phindu, ndikofunikira kupuma pantchito, ndikugwiritsa ntchito ntchito zakunja.
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, zinthu zotsatirazi zimaphatikizidwa pamankhwala:
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizira pakuyenda kwa metabolic mthupi, kumathandizira kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa shuga, kumachepetsa kufunikira kwa mahomoni, kuwongolera maphunziro a matendawa, ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito.
- Iyenera kusiya kumwa mowa, kusuta.
- Ngati wodwala amamwa mankhwala kuti achepetse shuga m'thupi, ndiye kuti ayenera kumwedwa panthawi yovomerezeka. Simungathe kuyimitsa pakumwa mankhwala ena ndi ena, sinthani mlingo ndi pafupipafupi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito.
- Sterilization pamafunika insulin. Mlingo wake umayenera kuwerengedwa mosamala, ndipo majakisoni amayenera kuchitika m'njira yoti jakisoniyo imayendetsedwa m'dera lomwelo osapitirira kamodzi pamwezi.
Odwala omwe ali kumbuyo kwa insulin mankhwala amatha kukhala ndi vuto la hypoglycemic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kufooka kwambiri, kunjenjemera mwamphamvu, kutuluka thukuta, kumva mwamphamvu njala.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zotsatira za vutoli ndi chakudya chosakonzekera, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa mahomoni omwe amaperekedwa, ndikuchita zolimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu. Kuti muthane ndi izi, ndikulimbikitsidwa kumwa tiyi wokoma, kudya maswiti kapena bun.
Zowonjezera Zokhudza Chikumbutso
Aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga, kuti asadwale matenda ake ndi zovuta zina zotheka, ayenera kutsatira malangizo omwe akatswiri amapanga kuti matenda asapitirire.
Njira yovuta yopatsirana, kuchuluka kwa insulini kapena jakisoni wake wosayenera, kuwonda kapena kuwonongera kwakuthupi, kuphwanya malamulo a tsiku ndi tsiku ndi zifukwa zina kungapangitse matenda, ndikuthandizira kukulira matenda a shuga.
Mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga umasiya chizindikiritso chake pa ntchito zamunthu. Mukamasankha ntchito, ndikofunikira kulingalira zoletsa zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa pazikhalidwe za matenda.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti matenda opatsirana samakhala ngati cholepheretsa moyo wabwinobwino, ku banja ndi maubale.
Malangizo kwa odwala matenda ashuga:
- Kuti muzindikire komanso kupewa kukula kwa matendawa ana anu, muyenera kupenda mwana wanu kangapo pachaka.
- Pofuna kupewa zovuta zamatenda, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mudzacheze dokotala pafupipafupi.
Mfundo zotsatirazi zimagwira ntchito monga chisonyezo cha matenda omwe adalipidwa: kukhazikika, kuchita bwino, kusowa ludzu kwamuma, kuwuma pamlomo wamkamwa, palibe chizindikiro cha kuwonongeka kowoneka, dongosolo lamkati lamanjenje.
Wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala naye nthawi zonse kapena kukhazikika pamalo opezeka "Khadi la wodwala lomwe lili ndi matenda a shuga", omwe amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala chadzidzidzi ngati akudwala.
Kupewa kwa mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga
Matenda a shuga a Mtundu woyamba ndi njira yomwe maselo a kapamba sapereka kuchuluka kwa insulini. Zinthu zakunja zimatha kudzetsa matendawa: matenda a autoimmune, kachilombo ka HIV ndi ena.
Kutengera ndi ziwerengero zochokera ku World Health Organisation, titha kunena kuti pakati pa odwala matendawa pali ana ambiri omwe sanalandire kuyamwitsa kuyambira pobadwa.
Izi zimachokera pamfundo yoti osakanikirana opanga zinthu amakhala ndi mkaka wazakudya za mkaka wa ng'ombe, zomwe zingasokoneze magwiridwe antchito a kapamba.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuyamwitsa kumathandizira kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mwana, chifukwa chake, kumachepetsa mwayi wa matenda opatsirana komanso ma virus. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kudyetsa kwachilengedwe kwa mwana ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yotetezera matenda ashuga 1.
Kwa ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo, ma pathologies a chilengedwe opatsirana amakhala owopsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, monga prophylaxis, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito ma immunostimulants ndi mankhwala ena kulimbitsa chitetezo chathupi.
Kupewa kwa mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga
Mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, opitilira 90% odwala ali ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda. Poyerekeza ndi zomwe zimachitika m'mbuyomu, mahomoni omwe amapangidwa ndi kapamba samadziwika ndi zofewa za thupi, chifukwa chake satenga nawo gawo pakugwiritsa ntchito shuga.
Zomwe zimayambitsa mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga zitha kukhala zotsatirazi: kunenepa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri nthawi iliyonse, moyo wokhalitsa, womwe umathandizanso kuti munthu atole mapaundi owonjezera, kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zakudya zambiri, shuga ndi mafuta.
Kuphatikiza apo, pali chinthu china chomwe chingayambitse kukula kwachiwiri kwa matenda ashuga. Asayansi akhazikitsa kuti mtundu wina wamtundu ungathe kupatsiridwa ndi cholowa, chomwe, mothandizidwa ndi zovuta zina, chimayambitsa kuphwanya magwiridwe antchito a kapamba.
Njira zopewera matenda ashuga zimaphatikizapo mfundo ziwiri:
- Zakudya zoyenera.
- Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zokwanira.
Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti katundu wochita masewera olimbitsa thupi amathandizira kusintha kwa metabolic mthupi, amathandizira kuti glucose adye, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amawonjezera chidwi cha minofu yofewa kupita ku insulin.
Ma memo a shuga sayenera kukhala osakhalitsa, koma njira ya moyo yomwe muyenera kutsatira.
Ndipofunika liti kuganizira za matenda ashuga?
Ngati munthu ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri kapena mapaundi owonjezera, omwe akhazikika m'dera la m'chiuno, ndiye kuti pali mwayi wokhala ndi matenda a shuga. Kuti mumvetsetse ngati munthu ali pachiwopsezo kapena ayi, muyenera kugawa m'chiuno ndi m'chiuno.
Pamene kwa amuna chiwerengerocho ndichoposa 0.95, ndipo kwa kugonana kwabwino kuposa 0.85, ndiye kuti anthuwa ali pachiwopsezo.
Gululi limaphatikizaponso azimayi omwe, munthawi yobereka mwana, amapeza oposa ma kilogalamu 17, pomwe iwo amabereka mwana yemwe kulemera kwake kumaposa ma kilogalamu 4. Ngakhale kulemera kumadzakhala kwabwinoko mwana akangobadwa, ndiye kuti patadutsa zaka 10-15 mwayi wopeza matenda a shuga suwulitsidwa.
Komabe, ngati mukuganiza za kuthekera kotereku akangobadwa mwana, pitani m'masewera, idyani moyenera komanso moyenera, ndiye kuti mungathe kubwezeretsanso magwiridwe antchito a metabolic ndikutchingira kukula kwa matenda.
Kupewa matenda ashuga ndi dalitsulo la thupi lonse. Njira yoyenera yodyetsera thanzi, zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi, kuwongolera kunenepa ndizofunikira kwambiri zomwe zingathandize kupewa zovuta zambiri za matenda. Akatswiri azikambirana popewa matenda a shuga mu kanema munkhaniyi.
