Matenda a shuga amakhudza tsiku lililonse anthu ambiri. Matendawa amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi.
Kukhazikitsa kukhalapo kwa matenda, ndikokwanira kudziwa zomwe zimatsatana ndi matendawa. Matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba amapezeka motsutsana ndi zovuta zamtundu wina zomwe zimachitika mu autoimmune system pomwe insulin siyipangidwa.
Koma zimachitika kuti njira yopanga mahomoni siyidodometsedwa, komabe, insulin sikuwoneka ndi ziwalo zathupi. Pankhaniyi, mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga umayamba.
Palinso mitundu ina ya matenda. Chimodzi mwazomwezi ndi matenda a shuga a gestational, omwe amapezeka nthawi yoyembekezera ndikusowa pambuyo pogwira ntchito.
Njira yachilendo yowonjezera shuga ndi matenda a shuga. Zimachitika pakagwiritsidwa ntchito majini, omwe amakhudza kupanga insulin. Koma momwe mungadziwire shuga kunyumba?
Zizindikiro zoyambira
Kuti muzindikire matenda a shuga muyenera kulabadira zizindikiro zake zingapo. Koma kuopsa kwa chiwonetserochi kumatengera zinthu zosiyanasiyana (matenda ophatikizika, zaka, kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga), zomwe ndizofunikanso kuziganizira.
Ngati pali matenda ashuga, mungadziwe bwanji kunyumba? Chinthu choyamba muyenera kulabadira pafupipafupi komanso kangati pokoka. Ngati kukakamira kumawonedwa pafupipafupi, ndipo mkodzo umachotsedwa wambiri, ndiye kuti pali vuto la hyperglycemia.
Ngati musintha kulemera, popanda kuchita khama lanu, ndiye kuti mwayi wokhala ndi matenda nawonso umakulanso. Mavuto azakudya za shuga atha kukhalapo chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa glucose.
Chizindikiro chinanso chomwe chimatsimikizira kupezeka kwa matenda ashuga ndicho machiritso atali a mabala ndi ngakhale mikwingwirima yaying'ono. Komanso, odwala amatenga matenda opatsirana.
Mu shuga, monga lamulo, wodwalayo amamva kufooka komanso kutopa. Nthawi zambiri masomphenyawa amachepa.
Komabe, zizindikilo zonsezi zimatha kuchitika mofatsa kapena mwamphamvu. Kuphatikiza apo, aliyense wodwala matendawa amakhala ndi zomwe ali nazo.
Chizindikiro choyamba cha matenda ashuga ndi ludzu lalikulu. Zikuwoneka motsutsana ndi kumbuyo kwa kusowa kwa mphamvu pamene thupi likuyesera kupeza chinyezi chokwanira.
Mutha kuyankhulanso za kukhalapo kwa matenda a hyperglycemia nthawi yanjala. Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, kuchuluka kwa insulin kumachepa, komwe kumayambitsa chidwi chambiri.
Mungamvetsetsanso ngati muli ndi matenda ashuga pazizindikiro izi:
- kusenda ndi kuyanika khungu;
- kukokana mu minofu ya ng'ombe;
- kamwa yowuma
- kusanza ndi mseru;
- dzanzi ndi kupweteka kwa manja;
- maphunziro a xanthoma;
- kuyamwa kwamtundu, pamimba, miyendo ndi mikono;
- kutupa;
- kufooka kwa minofu;
- kuchepa kwa tsitsi pamiyendo ndi kukula kwokhazikika pamaso.
Kuphatikiza apo, maphunziro a matendawa akuwonetsedwa mu NS ya anthu. Zotsatira zake, amakhala waukali komanso wosakwiya. Nthawi zambiri wodwala amakhala ndi nkhawa, chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga.
Zowopsa
Pafupifupi aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala ndi chifukwa chotithandizira. Chifukwa chake, kuti mudziwe bwino za kukhalapo kwa matendawa, kuphatikiza pazizindikiro, ndikofunikira kulabadira zowopsa.
Chifukwa chake, kuthekera kwa matenda ashuga kumachulukirachulukira ngati wachibale wawo ali kale ndi matendawa. Kunenepa kwambiri kumathandizanso kuti matenda ayambe kukula.
Kuphatikiza apo, atherosulinosis, yomwe imatsitsa ziwiya za kapamba ndi matenda a endocrine system (zolakwika ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, mavuto omwe amapezeka m'matumbo a gitu ndi adrenal gland) imabweretsa kukula kwa matenda a shuga.
Komanso, mawonekedwe a matenda oopsa a hyperglycemia amalimbikitsidwa ndi kusokonezeka m'magazi a lipoprotein, matenda a kapamba (khansa, kapamba) ndi matenda opatsirana ndi ma virus (rubella, chikuku, chikuku). Kulemba kosalondola kungathandizenso kukulitsa matendawa, momwe mumakhala kuchuluka kwa mafuta ochulukitsidwa omwenso amatsutsana ndi ulusi wocheperako wa fiber ndi coarse.
Chinthu chotsatira chomwe chikukulitsa mwayi wa matenda ashuga ndiko kupitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala angapo. Izi zikuphatikizapo Hypothiazide, Furosemide, Somatostatin, Prednisolone, ndi zina zotero.
Ngakhale mwayi wopeza matendawa umawonjezereka nthawi zina:
- kupsinjika kwakukulu ndi kupsinjika;
- kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo pa nthawi yoyembekezera kapena kubadwa kwa mwana wolemera kwambiri;
- mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa;
- matenda oopsa;
- moyo wosachita bwino.
Momwe mungamvetsetse mtundu wa shuga ndi zizindikiro?
Kuphatikiza kuzindikiritsa matenda a shuga okha, ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi funso, lingakhale mtundu wanji? Chifukwa chake, mu mawonekedwe oyamba (odalira insulin) matendawa, ambiri mwa zizindikiro zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa zilipo.
Kusiyanako kumangokhala mu kuchuluka kwa mawonetsedwe azizindikiro. Ndi matenda amtunduwu, pali ma spikes akuthwa m'magazi amwazi.
Mwa abambo ndi amayi, matendawa amakula mwachangu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikhala ndi vuto la kugona ndipo amatha kumapuma. Chinanso chowonetsera cha matenda am'mimba ndichothamanga thupi (mpaka 15 makilogalamu m'miyezi iwiri). Nthawi yomweyo, ntchito yogwira wodwala imachepa, amafunafuna kugona nthawi zonse ndipo akumva kufooka.
Gawo loyambirira la chitukuko cha mtundu woyamba wa shuga limawonetsedwa ndi njala yayikulu. Kenako, matendawa akamakula, matenda a anorexia amachitika. Zomwe zimayambitsa zimagona pamaso pa ketoacidosis, pomwe imaphatikizidwa ndi kupuma koyipa, kupweteka kwam'mimba, kusanza ndi mseru.
Kuphatikiza apo, mtundu woyamba wa shuga umapezeka kwambiri kwa odwala osakwana zaka 40. Akuluakulu nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa vuto lolakwika - matenda 2. Zotsatira zake, matendawa amakula mwachangu, zomwe zimatsogolera kuwoneka ketoacidosis.
Momwe mungadziwire mtundu wa matenda ashuga odwala azaka zopitilira 40? Inde, ambiri a m'badwo uno amakhala ndi nthenda yodziyimira payekha ya matenda.
Poyamba, kuzindikira kuti sizovuta sikophweka, chifukwa palibe chithunzi chamankhwala. Chifukwa chake, tanthauzo la matendawa limachitika ngati mumayesa magazi mosala kudya. Komabe, matenda a pathology amapezeka pafupipafupi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mavuto a kunenepa kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso ngati pali vuto la metabolic.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti shuga yachiwiri imakhala yokhala ndi ludzu komanso kusokonekera kosalekeza. Koma nthawi zambiri, odwala amadwala chifukwa choluma khungu pakhungu, mikono ndi miyendo.
Popeza matendawa nthawi zambiri amatenga mtundu wamphepete, omwe amadalira matenda a insulin amatha kupezeka pokhapokha patatha zaka zochepa mwangozi. Chifukwa chake, kupezeka kwa matendawa kungathe kuwonetsedwa ndi zovuta zake, zomwe zimapangitsa wodwala kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala kwathunthu.
Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe a retinopathy, opaleshoni ya mtima yapezeka ndi matenda ashuga, phazi la matenda ashuga, dokotala wochita opaleshoni, komanso stroko ndi mtima.
Zizindikiro
Momwe mungadziwire matenda a shuga kudzera poyesa? Masiku ano, pali mayeso angapo othandiza kudziwa ngati pali hyperglycemia wodwala kunyumba.
Kotero mulingo wa glucose amawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer. Kuphatikiza pa chipangizocho, zingwe zoyesera ndi lancet (singano yovulaza) imalumikizidwa.
Musanayambe phunziroli, muyenera kusamba m'manja kuti zotsatira zake zisasokonezedwe ndi zotsalazo za zakudya zotsekemera ndi zinthu zina zodetsa. Koma ndimawerenge ati omwe ndi abwinobwino?
Ngati kusala kwambiri kwamisempha ya magazi kuchokera 70 mpaka 130 mmol / L, ndiye kuti palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa. Maola 2 mutatha kulemba, zizindikiro ziyenera kukhala zosakwana 180 mmol / L.
Kodi mungadziwe bwanji shuga? Njira yodziwikirayi imakuthandizani kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa glucose mumkodzo, pokhapokha ngati kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, pamene ndende ya shuga imakhala yochepera 180 mmol / L, zotsatira sizotsimikizika.
Mutha kuonanso matendawa pogwiritsa ntchito zida za A1C. Imazindikira hemoglobin A1C, yomwe sayenera kupitirira 6%, ndipo imazindikira kuchuluka kwa glucose masiku 90 apitawa.
Koma kuti mutsimikizire bwino za matendawa, ndikofunikira kuti mukayezetse mayeso angapo, kuphatikizapo:
- kuyeserera kwa shuga;
- kuyezetsa magazi konsekonse kwa shuga;
- kutsimikiza kwa mulingo wa insulin, hemoglobin ndi C-peptide;
- kuyesa kwa mkodzo kwa matupi a ketone ndi shuga.
Mu kanema mu nkhaniyi, Elena Malysheva akufotokozera momwe angadziwire shuga kunyumba.
