Pofuna kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi a shuga, mumagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa shuga. Metformin imawonedwa ngati mankhwala abwino kwambiri ochepetsa matenda a glycemia.
Mankhwalawa ali ndi mitundu yambiri ya majenito komanso mitundu ya magulu. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi chidwi, koma bwanji ngati Metformin ali ndi zovuta? Inde, alipo.
Koma nthawi yomweyo ndikufuna kudziwa kuti zovuta zilizonse zimangopezeka ndi mlingo wosankhidwa bwino. Ngati dotolo asankha mlingo woyenera, ndipo asanawerenge mosamala mbiri yachipatala ya wodwalayo, ndiye kuti zotsatirapo zake zoyipa zimakhala pafupifupi ziro.
Mtengo ndi limagwirira ntchito ya mankhwala
Metformin ndi mankhwala amkamwa a hypoglycemic ochokera pagulu la Biguanide. Kodi mtengo wamankhwala ndi chiyani? Mu pharmacy, mtengo wamba wa Metformin ndi ma ruble 120-200. Paketi imodzi ili ndi miyala 30.
Yogwira pophika mankhwala ndi metformin hydrochloride. Mulinso zosakaniza zothandiza, monga E171, propylene glycol, talc, hypromellose, silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, wowonda chimanga, povidone.
Ndiye mankhwala akuphatikizidwa ndi metformin ndi ati? Ngati mukukhulupirira malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa, ndiye kuti chigawo chake chogwira ntchito chimachita motere:
- Amachotsa insulin kukana. Ichi ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amakana zotsatira za insulin. Izi ndi zopangidwa ndi kukula kwa hyperglycemic chikomokere ndi zina zofunika kwambiri.
- Zimathandizira kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa glucose m'matumbo. Chifukwa cha izi, wodwalayo samadumphadumpha mu shuga. Kutengera mlingo woyenera wa Metformin, kuchuluka kwa glucose kudzakhazikika. Koma pali mbali yolandila ndalama. Metformin hydrochloride kuphatikiza insulin mankhwala kungayambitse kukula kwa hypoglycemic chikomokere. Ndi chifukwa chake pogwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo mankhwalawa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito insulin, kusintha koyenera kungakhale kofunikira.
- Amalepheretsa gluconeogenesis m'chiwindi. Njirayi imayikidwa mmalo mwa glucose, omwe thupi limalandira kuchokera kwina mphamvu. Chifukwa cha kuchepetsedwa kupanga shuga kuchokera ku lactic acid, kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi zovuta zina za shuga zitha kupewedwa.
- Imachepetsa chilakolako. Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga ndi chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, mosiyana ndi momwe amakhalira pakudya, wodwala amalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira. Metformin ndiyopadera pamtundu wake, chifukwa imangothandiza kuti shuga azikhazikika, komanso kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chithandizo cha zakudya pofika 20-50%.
- Matendawa magazi m'thupi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito Metformin, kuchepa kwamlingo wa triglycerides ndi lipoproteins yotsika kumawonedwa.
Metformin hydrochloride imalepheretsanso njira ya peroxidation yamafuta. Uwu ndi mtundu wa kupewa khansa.
Zowonetsa ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito Metformin
Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito Metformin ndikoyenera? Ngati mukukhulupirira malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, mankhwalawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matenda a shuga a mtundu 2.
Komanso, mapiritsi angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati monotherapy kapena kuphatikiza mankhwala ndi othandizira ena a hypoglycemic. Mankhwala ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pothana ndi zakudya zomwe sizithandiza shuga.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti zomwe zikuwonetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa Metformin sikuti ndizochepa pamenepa. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza matenda a prediabetes ndi cleropolicystosis a thumba losunga mazira. Mwa zina mwa zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito, metabolic syndrome ndi kunenepa kwambiri zimadziwikanso, zomwe zimathandizira ndikupanga insulin.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji mulingo wa Metformin? Mlingo watsiku ndi tsiku wa Metformin amatha kusankhidwa yekhayo. Potere, adotolo ayenera kudziwa bwino zomwe adapeza mu mbiri, chifukwa wothandizirayo wa hypoglycemic ali ndi zotsutsana zingapo kuti agwiritse ntchito.
Ndikufuna kudziwa kuti Metformin imapezeka mu mitundu yambiri. Itha kukhala 1000, 850, 500, 750 mg. Kuphatikiza apo, pali mitundu ya mankhwala a shuga omwe ali ndi 400 mg ya metformin hydrochloride.
Nanga, ndi mlingo uti womwe ukhalabe wabwino? Mlingo woyambirira wa Metformin ndi 500 mg, ndipo pafupipafupi makonzedwe ake ndi katatu patsiku. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawo mukatha kudya.
Pambuyo pa milungu ingapo yamankhwala, mlingo wake umatha kusintha. Chilichonse chimadalira shuga. Glycemia tikulimbikitsidwa kuyesedwa tsiku lililonse pamimba yopanda kanthu. Pazifukwa izi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito glucometer.
Kodi Metformin amatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji? Sizingatheke kuyankha funsoli. Posankha kutalika kwa chithandizo, mikhalidwe ya munthu imakhudzidwa, makamaka, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kulemera ndi msinkhu. Chithandizo chake chimatha kutenga masiku 15, masiku 21, kapena “kupitilira” mwezi umodzi.
Mlingo wapamwamba wa Metformin ndi 2000 mg patsiku. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti munthawi yomweyo kugwiritsa ntchito insulin, mlingo uyenera kuchepetsedwa mpaka 500-850 mg patsiku.
Contraindication ndi mawonekedwe a mankhwalawa
Wothandizira aliyense wotsitsa shuga ayenera kusankhidwa mosamala, chifukwa ali ndi contraindication kuti agwiritse ntchito. Kunyalanyaza kuphunzira malangizowo sikungovomerezeka chifukwa izi zitha kupha.
Chifukwa chake, kodi Metformin ali ndi zotsutsana ndi chiyani? Kuphwanya malamulo mosamala kuti agwiritse ntchito ndikusakaniza kwa metformin hydrochloride kapena magawo othandizira a mankhwalawo.
Phatikizanipo zotsutsana:
- Pachimake kapena matenda acidosis.
- Posachedwa anavutika ndi myocardial infaration.
- Kulephera kwamtima kapena kosatha.
- Kukhalapo kwa mavuto a impso. Chipangizocho sichivomerezedwa kuti chizitengedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto laimpso.
- Ukalamba. Mankhwalawa sanatchulidwe kwa odwala matenda ashuga omwe zaka zawo ndi zopitilira 80.
- Kukhalapo kwa kulephera kwa chiwindi kapena matenda ena owopsa a hepatobiliary system.
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso kapena kudya zakudya zolimbitsa thupi, zomwe zimapereka kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kudya kwa caloric.
- Kuthetsa magazi chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa matenda opatsirana.
- Mowa
China chomwe chimatsutsa kwambiri ndi hypoxia, zilonda zam'mimba ndi zilonda zam'mimba.
Zotsatira zoyipa za Metformin
Zotsatira zoyipa za Metformin ndi ziti? Pali chinthu china monga chiwopsezo chofunikira cha othandizira a hypoglycemic, makamaka Metformin. Zimakhala ndi chiyani?
Chowonadi ndi chakuti ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 wodwala, wodwalayo ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu, ndipo makamaka kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomenecho. Ngati wodwala matenda ashuga amagwiritsa ntchito othandizira a hypoglycemic, ndikukhala pachakudya chokhazikika, ndiye kuti mwayi wokhala ndi hypoglycemia ndiwokwera kwambiri - kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga m'magazi.
Zina mwazotsatira zoyipa za Metformin zitha kusiyanitsidwa:
- Kuphwanya kwa hematopoietic dongosolo. Metformin akagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwayi wa thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, erythrocytopenia, granulocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, pancytopenia Koma ziyenera kudziwika kuti zovuta zonsezi ndizosinthika, ndikutsimikiza pambuyo pakuchotsedwa kwa mankhwalawo.
- Kulephera mu chiwindi. Amawoneka ngati kukula kwa chiwindi ndi hepatitis. Koma atakana Metformin, zovuta izi zimadzithetsa. Izi zikutsimikiziridwa ndikuwunika kwa madokotala ndi odwala.
- Kukhumudwa. Vutoli limachitika nthawi zambiri. Njira yeniyeni yokhazikitsira chisokonezo chaukonda motsogozedwa ndi metformin hydrochloride sichikudziwika.
- Zotupa pakhungu, erythema, urticaria.
- Lactic acidosis. Vutoli ndi loopsa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mlingo woyenera wosankhidwa, kapena wodwala matenda ashuga akamwa mankhwala omwe sanamwe.
- Kusokonekera mu ntchito yam'mimba. Mtundu wamavuto amtunduwu umawoneka wokwanira nthawi zambiri, monga zikuwonekera ndi kuwunika kwa odwala. Zovuta zam'mimba zomwe zimapangidwa m'mimba zimawonetsedwa ndi mseru, kusanza, kukoma kwazitsulo mkamwa, komanso kusowa kwa chilakolako chofuna kudya. Koma mwachilungamo ziyenera kudziwitsidwa kuti zovuta izi zimawonekera pazigawo zoyambirira zamankhwala, kenako ndikudzikonza.
- Kuchepetsa vitamini B12.
- Zofooka zambiri.
- Hypoglycemic chikomokere.
Ngati mavuto omwe ali pamwambawa akuwoneka, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a Metformin ndikuchita chithandizo chamankhwala.
Metformin
Metformin imachepetsa shuga. Koma mukamalankhula ndi mankhwala ena, mankhwalawa amawonjezera, kapena mosemphanitsa, amachepetsa mphamvu yake ya hypoglycemic.
Izi zimatha kubweretsa zovuta zina. Ndikufuna kudziwa nthawi yomweyo kuti zotsatira za hypoglycemic zimatheka kwambiri pophatikiza Metformin ndi zotumphukira za sulfonylurea. Pankhaniyi, kusintha kwa mlingo kumafunika.
Zotsatirazi zingathenso kukulitsa kwambiri zotsatira za Metogin:
- Acarbose.
- Mankhwala osokoneza bongo oletsa kuponderezana.
- Monoamine oxidase zoletsa.
- Oxytetracycline.
- Angiotensin-otembenuza enzyme zoletsa.
- Cyclophosphamide.
- Zothandiza pofikira.
- Beta blockers.
Corticosteroids, diuretics, analogues of samostanin amachepetsa mphamvu ya matenda a shuga ndi Metformin. Zinadziwikanso kuti zotsatira za hypoglycemic zimachepa ndikugwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo glucagon, mahomoni a chithokomiro, estrogens, nicotinic acid, calcium antagonists ndi isoniazids.
Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti cimetomedin, akamagwiritsa ntchito Metformin, amawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi lactic acidosis.
Ndi mankhwala ati omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi metformin?
Pochiza matenda a shuga, mankhwalawa monga Januvia nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa limodzi ndi Metformin. Mtengo wake ndi ma ruble 1300-1500. Chofunikira chachikulu cha mankhwalawa ndi sitagliptin.
Izi zimalepheretsa DPP-4, ndikukulitsa kuchuluka kwa GLP-1 ndi HIP. Mahomoni a banja la incretin amasungidwa m'matumbo kwa tsiku, pambuyo pake mlingo wawo umatuluka pambuyo chakudya.
Ma incretins ndi gawo limodzi lazinthu zofunikira pakuwongolera shuga homeostasis. Ndi misempha yokwezeka yamwazi, mahomoni ochokera m'banjawa amachulukitsa kaphatikizidwe ka insulin komanso katulutsidwe ka maselo a beta.
Momwe mungamwe mankhwalawo? Mlingo woyambira ndi 100 mg 1 nthawi patsiku. Komanso, dokotala yemwe akupezekapo ayenera kusankha mlingo woyenera. Kuwongolera kumaloledwa, makamaka ngati Januvia amagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi Metformin.
Zotsatira pa ntchito ya Januvia:
- Mtundu woyamba wa shuga.
- Chiwopsezo kwa opezeka mankhwala.
- Matenda a shuga ketoacidosis.
- Nthawi ya pakati ndi kuyamwa.
- Zaka za ana.
- Ndi kusamala pakulephera kwa chiwindi. Ndi vuto la hepatobiliary system, kuchepetsa mlingo kungakhale kofunikira. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi kafukufuku wofufuza, ndikuwunika kwa endocrinologists.
Kodi mankhwalawa ali ndi zovuta zake? Zachidziwikire, ali ndi malo oti akhale. Koma Januvia nthawi zambiri amayambitsa zovuta pamene mlingo umakwera mpaka 200 mg. Mukukhalabe ndi Mlingo wochepa, mwayi wazotsatira zake ndizochepa.
Malinga ndi malangizo, mukamagwiritsa ntchito mapiritsiwa, mavuto monga matenda a kupuma thirakiti, nasopharyngitis, kupweteka kwa mutu, kutsegula m'mimba, mseru, kusanza, arthralgia imatha.
Komanso, mwayi wokhudzana ndimomwe thupi limagwirira komanso hypoglycemia sitingadziwe.
Analogue yabwino kwambiri ya Metformin
Analogue yabwino kwambiri ya Metformin ndi Avandia. Wothandizira wa hypoglycemic ndi wokwera mtengo kwambiri - ma ruble 5000-5500. Paketi imodzi ili ndi miyala 28.
Yogwira pophika mankhwala ndi rosiglitazone. Avandia amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda amtundu wa 2 shuga. Komanso, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi Metformin, ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana.
Momwe mungasankhire nthawi yakumwa mapiritsi? Ziyenera kunenedwa nthawi yomweyo kuti mutha kumwa mankhwalawo musanadye kapena chakudya. Mlingo woyambirira ndi 4 mg wa tsiku patsiku la 1-2. Pambuyo pa masabata a 6-8, mlingo umatha kuwonjezeredwa chimodzimodzi kawiri. Kuwonjezereka kumachitika ngati 4 mg yachilengedwe matenda a shuga siwawonedwa.
Zotsatira zosagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwalawa:
- Mtundu woyamba wa shuga.
- Ziwengo magawo a mankhwala.
- Nthawi yochepetsetsa.
- Zaka za ana (mpaka zaka 18).
- Mimba
- Mtima wowonda kapena kulephera kwa impso.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito Avandia, zovuta zamagulu a kupuma kapena mtima zimachitika.
Palinso kuthekera kowonjezera thupi. Malangizowo amafotokozanso kuti mankhwalawa angayambitse magazi m'thupi, kuperewera kwa chiwindi ndi hypercholesterolemia. Koma kuwunika kwa odwala kumawonetsa kuti chithandizo chamankhwala chimalekeredwa bwino. Kanemayo munkhaniyi ayankhula za momwe Metformin imagwirira ntchito.
