Ngakhale kuchulukitsa kwa mbadwo watsopano wa antiseptic ndi antimicrobial othandizira, mitundu ina ya mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala kwazaka zambiri samataya kufunika kwawo chifukwa chogwira ntchito kwambiri. Tikulankhula za Dioxidin, wogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuchita opareshoni, otorhinolaryngological ndi zina zamankhwala.
ATX
J01XX.
Dioxidine imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuchita opareshoni ndi ENT.
Kutulutsa mafomu ndi kapangidwe kake
Mankhwala amapangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a mafuta ndi yankho lomwe limakhala ndi ntchito - hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide.
Njira Zothetsera
Dioxidin yankho limapezeka mu ma ampoules a 10 ndi 20 ml, omwe amapangidwa ndi galasi yowonekera. Mankhwala amtunduwu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakugwiritsa ntchito kunja, kulowetsedwa ndi kulowetsedwa mwachangu. Ikhoza kukhala ndi 5 ndi 10 mg ya mankhwala othandizira. Popanga yankho la mankhwala, madzi oyeretsedwa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito.
Mafuta
Mafuta a 5%, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito kunja, ali ndi 50 mg yogwira ntchito ndipo amapezeka mu chubu cha aluminium kapena kapu yagalasi yokhala ndi 30 ndi 100 g. Kukonzekeraku kumaphatikizanso macrogol, methyl paraben ndi nipazole, omwe ali ndi gawo lothandiza.
Mankhwalawa ali ndi mitundu ingapo yamasulidwe.
Njira yamachitidwe
Mankhwala ndi a gulu la antibacterial wothandizila ake. Chachikulu pharmacological zochita za mankhwala antimicrobial. Thupi lomwe lili gawo la dioxidine limagwira ntchito kwambiri motsutsana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabakiteriya, limawononga makhoma a maselo awo ndikuwatsogolera ku imfa ya othandizira.
Mankhwala amatha kuthana ndi staphylococci, streptococci, proteina, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ndi Escherichia coli, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a kamwazi, mitundu ina ya mabakiteriya a anaerobic, Klebsiella, Salmonella.
Pochiritsa zilonda zapakhungu, chida ichi chimalimbikitsa kuyeretsa mwachangu kwa bala kuchokera ku ma necrotic misa ndikuthandizira kuchiritsa kwa minofu.
Pharmacokinetics
Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kunja, mankhwalawa amapakidwa bwino kudzera pakhungu, mucous nembanemba ndikugundika m'magazi. Amathira mkodzo.
Mothandizidwa ndi mtsempha wa magazi, muyezo wazinthu zambiri umawonedwa patatha maola 1-2 mutalowa mu magazi. Mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imatha kwa maola 4-6. Kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi kwa nthawi yayitali, palibe phindu lililonse. Ma metabolites a mankhwalawa amachotsedwa kudzera mu impso.
Zizindikiro zogwiritsidwa ntchito
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pokhudzana ndi ntchito zakunja ndi makina akununkhira. Pa mtundu uliwonse wa mankhwalawo pali mndandanda wosiyana wazomwe mungagwiritse ntchito.
Chifukwa chake, kukhazikika kwa Dioxidin kumalimbikitsidwa kwa sepsis, njira zowonekera za purulent-yotupa, purizing meningitis.
Ntchito yakunja
Mafuta ndi yankho zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu izi:
- mankhwalawa pakhungu lowonongeka ndikuwotcha, mabala akuya momwe ma necrotic amapangidwira, komanso mafinya amkati (zotupa za khungu, phlegmon, osteomyelitis foci);
- kusazindikira mabala pambuyo opaleshoni;
- mankhwalawa a matenda a pakhungu omwe amapezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya staphylococci ndi streptococci komanso limodzi ndi mapangidwe a purustus p nkhope ma thupi ndi thupi.
- akungovutika ndi khosi la bakiteriya;
- mankhwalawa mankhwala a purulent matenda a kupuma dongosolo (sinusitis, kutupa kwa adenoids), khutu (otitis media);
- kutsuka kwamaso ndi conjunctivitis.
Intracavista kasamalidwe
Jekeseni wamkati mwa yankho amachitidwa mu urology, gynecology, opaleshoni ndipo amalembedwera njira zotupa za chiberekero, kukulira m'mimba komanso thoracic. Izi zikuphatikiza:
- pachimake purulent cholecystitis;
- peritonitis;
- purulent kutupa kwa serous nembanemba wamapapu (pleura);
- matenda a urogenital gawo la matenda chikhalidwe, limodzi ndi mapangidwe necrotic exudate mu patsekeke ndi ziwalo.
Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuthirira chikhodzodzo kuti tipewe kutukuka kwa matenda opatsirana ndi matenda otupa a kwamikodzo atatha kuchulukitsa.
Mankhwala ndi contraindicated ngati vuto la adrenal ntchito.
Contraindication
Mankhwala contraindicated pamaso pa tsankho kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za mankhwala ndi mkhutu adrenal ntchito.
Kodi mungatsegule bwanji?
Ngati zochulukirapo ndi yankho la Dioksidina zili ndi gawo lopendekera ndi dontho la utoto, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyika chikhalacho ndi chizindikiro cha inu, gwiritsani chotengera chihemacho ndi dzanja lanu, ndikumangirira kumtunda kwa chikutiracho ndi chala chanu, kuthyola chivundikirocho.
Kuti mutsegule chidebe chagalasi ndi yankho lomwe lili ndi mbali yayikulu yopanda chizindikiro, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito fayilo (imaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwalawo). Ndikofunikira kuyika fayiloyo pamtunda wokwanira ndikupanga kudula pang'ono pamwamba pagalasi. Pambuyo pa izi, ndikofunikira kukulunga khosi la chidebe ndi chopukutira, nsalu kapena ubweya wa thonje ndikuphwanya chimodzimodzi monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.
Kutenga?
Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwalawa zimatengera mtundu ndi mtundu wa matenda. Therapy ikuchitika motere:
- Mothandizidwa, pogwiritsa ntchito ma dontho. M'magawo a septic, 0,5% amagwiritsidwa ntchito, akuwukhira mu isotonic solution kuti mupeze osakanikirana osakanikirana a 0-0-0.2%. Mulingo wovomerezeka womwe wapezeka ndi 300 mg tsiku lililonse - 600 mg.
- Intracavista kasamalidwe. Zochizira zam'mimbamo za purulent, njira imodzi yokha ya Dioxidine imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imayendetsedwa popanda kulowetsedwa kumalo omwe ali ndi kachilombo pogwiritsa ntchito chubu yamadzi, catheter kapena jekeseni 1-2 kawiri pa tsiku. Mlingo watsiku ndi tsiku - osaposa 70 ml. Maphunzirowa ndi masiku 21. Ngati ndi kotheka, chithandizo chitha kupitilizidwa.
- Ntchito yakunja. Kuti muthane ndi mabala akuya, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ma compress kapena ma tampon omwe adalowetsedwa ndi 0,5-1% Dioxidine solution ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa bala tsiku lililonse kapena tsiku lililonse. Zilonda zapakhungu zodziwikiratu zimatha kuthandizidwa ndimafuta, ndikuyika ndi yochepa thupi ngakhale pamalo ovulala.
Ndi matenda ashuga
Mu shuga mellitus, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kunja - kuchiza zilonda zam'mimba ndi zotupa zina zapakhungu chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa metabolic. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chida ichi monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.
Ndi matenda a shuga, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kunja.
Khutu
Kwa otitis media, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizungulire yankho la 0,5% kapena 1% mu khutu ndi mphuno, mutatsuka khutu kuti lisawonongeke ndi thonje la thonje lomwe limanyowa mu hydrogen peroxide. Mlingo ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito zimatsimikiziridwa payekhapayekha.
M'mphuno
Ndili ndi mphuno yam'mimba yoyera mwa akulu, 0,5% ndi 1% yothetsera imatha kuthiridwa mu mawonekedwe amphuno (2-3 imatsikira katatu patsiku) kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutsuka kwammphuno. M'mbuyomu, sinuses iyenera kutsukidwa ndi ntchofu wambiri.
Ndi njira yovuta ya matenda opatsirana mu kupuma, dokotala amatha kuponya madontho ovuta, omwe ndi ophatikiza a dioxidine ndi mahomoni kapena vasoconstrictor. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kusakaniza 5 ml ya yankho la 1% la dioxidine, 5 ml ya 0.1% galazolin ndi 2 ml ya 0.1% dexamethasone.
Pakusamba mphuno, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yina yosapatsirana ya 0,5% kapena mankhwalawa pakamwa pa 10 mg yogwira ntchito, yomwe iyenera kusakanizidwa ndi mchere pamlingo wofanana.
Kuvulala
Mwa inhalations mu nebulizer, yomwe imachitika ndi mabakiteriya matenda am'munsi kupuma thirakiti, 1% yankho la dioxidine imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Iyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi sodium chloride muyezo wa 1: 4. Pa 1 inhalation, 4 ml yazotsatira zomwe zofunikira zidzafunika. Kutalika kwa gawo limodzi ndi mphindi 5-7.
Zotsatira zoyipa
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa yankho mu patali kapena mu mtsempha kumatha kukhala limodzi ndi zotsatirazi zoyipa:
- kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa thupi;
- kuzizira;
- kusanza, kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba;
- kudzipereka kwa minofu;
- mutu.
Matupi omaliza
Mothandizidwa ndi intagacavial komanso mtsempha wa magazi, khungu limayambitsa khungu. Kuyika kwina kwa mafuta ndi yankho kumatha kuyambitsa kuyabwa kwa khungu pamalo omwe amathandizidwa ndikukula kwa dermatitis dermatitis.
Dioxidine amatha kupuma kudzera mwa nebulizer.
Zokhudza mphamvu pakuwongolera njira
Mankhwala amatha kukhala ndi vuto pa kuthamanga kwa ma psychomotor komanso kutha kuyendetsa kayendedwe, kotero munthawi ya chithandizo muyenera kukana kuyendetsa galimoto kapena magalimoto ena.
Malangizo apadera
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawo pokhapokha ngati kugwiritsa ntchito ma antimicrobial othandizira sikubweretsa zotsatira.
Ngati wodwalayo wasokoneza ntchito yaimpso, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa amachepetsa.
Pochita ndi dioxidine, tikulimbikitsidwa kumwa mankhwala oletsa anti-allergic (antihistamines) ndi mankhwala okhala ndi calcium. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha mavuto.
Musanagwiritse ntchito yankho, onetsetsani kuti mulibe mpweya. Ngati pali makhiristo mumadzimadzi, muyenera kutentha kutentha ndi mankhwalawa mu madzi osamba. Kuwonongeka kwa makhiristo kumatanthauza kuti mankhwalawa ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kuyenderana ndi mowa
Popeza mankhwalawa ndi a gulu la maantibayotiki, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa sikuletsedwa kuphatikiza zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Mowa wa Ethyl samangolepheretsa mphamvu ya mankhwala oyambitsa matenda omwe ali m'gulu la mankhwalawo, komanso amachititsa kukula kwa zovuta zoyipa.
Gwiritsani ntchito pa nthawi yoyembekezera komanso mkaka wa m`mawere
Chifukwa cha kuwopsa kwa mankhwalawa komanso kuthekera kwake kulowa mu kayendedwe ka kayendedwe kazinthu, iwo amatsutsana kuti agwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa panthawi yopaka ndi kuyamwa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito chida ichi sikuletsedwa kuphatikiza zakumwa zoledzeretsa.
Mlingo wa ana
Ngakhale opanga amawonetsa m'mawu ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa kuti mankhwala amapangika ali mwana, ana nthawi zambiri amapereka mankhwala kwa odwala ang'onoang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, yankho mu mawonekedwe a yankho limalimbikitsidwa kuti likhazikitsidwe mu mphuno, khutu kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakumwa. Mafuta okhala ndi hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxi pafupifupi sagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ana.
Mukamachita mankhwala, muyenera kusankha kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa, chifukwa mankhwalawa ndi oopsa kwambiri. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupereke chisankho ku 0,5% yankho, mu 1 ml momwe muli 5 mg yogwira ntchito.
Pochizira matenda ammphuno, madontho awiri amomwe mankhwalawa amakhazikika mgawo lililonse la mphuno. Ndondomeko ikhoza kubwerezedwa katatu patsiku.
Poika mankhwala mu khutu, ngalande za khutu ziyenera kuyeretsa kaye sulufule ndi zinthu zina zosayenera pogwiritsa ntchito thonje lomwe limakwiriridwa ndi hydrogen peroxide. Mukachotsa ma sulufule a sulufule, muyenera kupukusa mutu wa mwana mbali imodzi ndikuyambitsa madontho awiri a njira ya Dioxidine mu khutu ndi pipette. Munjira yamatsenga yotupa, mankhwalawa amayenera kubwerezedwanso ku khutu linalo. Musanapereke mankhwalawa, onetsetsani kuti eardrum siidapangidwe mafuta.
Pakupumira, njira ya 0,5% ya dioxidine iyenera kusakanikirana ndi sodium chloride muyeso wa 1: 2. Kuti mupeze njirayi, muyenera 3-4 ml ya madzi. Kutalika kwa inhalation sikuyenera kupitirira 3 maminiti. Nthawi yayitali yovomerezeka ndi masiku 7.
Opanga mankhwalawa akuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito dioxidine sikulimbikitsidwa kwa ana, koma madokotala amawalembera.
Bongo
Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali, mankhwalawa amatha kukhala osakwanira (hypocorticism). Pankhaniyi, mankhwalawo amachotsedwa pomwepo, mwachangu, chithandizo chamankhwala chimagwiridwa pogwiritsa ntchito mahomoni othandizira.
Kuchita ndi mankhwala ena
Mankhwala amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi mitundu ina ya antibacterial.
Analogi
Mankhwala a antibacterial akuphatikiza:
- Dioxol (mafuta);
- Dioxisept (njira yothetsera ma dontho ndi makina olowerera);
- Voskopran (kuvala mafuta othiridwa ndi mafuta kuchokera ku Dioxidin mafuta);
- Dichinoxide (ufa wokonza mafuta ndi yankho la jekeseni);
- Dixin (yankho).
Kupita kwina mankhwala
Mutha kugula mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala olembedwa ndi dokotala.
Mtengo wa Dioxidine
Pafupifupi ma ruble 500 adzafunika kulipira kuti alongedze yankho la 0.5-1% mu mankhwala. Malo ena ogulitsa mankhwala amagulitsa ma payokha payekhapayekha (40-50 rubles pa 1 pc.). Chubu yokhala ndi mafuta okwera mtengo pafupifupi ma ruble 300.
Zosungirako za dioxidine
Dioxidine tikulimbikitsidwa kuti isungidwe m'malo ozizira, otetezedwa ku dzuwa.
Alumali moyo wa mankhwala
Wopanga akuwonetsa masiku otsiriza a mankhwalawa:
- yankho - zaka 2;
- mafuta - 3 zaka.
Pambuyo pakutsegulira, chidebe chagalasi chokhala ndi madzi amadzimadzi chitha kusungidwa mufiriji osapitilira masiku 7. Kuti mafuta, izi sizikugwira ntchito.
Ndemanga za madotolo ndi odwala pa dioxidin
A. A. Ivanov, katswiri wa ENT, Perm.
Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kwa odwala ake omwe amawonjezera suitis media komanso purulent sinusitis. Chipangizochi ndichotsika mtengo, chimathandiza msanga komanso moyenera, ngakhale ngati kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena apakhungu sikubweretsa zotsatira zabwino. Komabe, sindikukulangizani kugwiritsa ntchito mosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a dotolo, chifukwa ndi oopsa kwambiri ndipo amatha kuyambitsa zovuta.
Elena, wazaka 29, Moscow.
Dioxidine wathandizanso mwana wake wamwamuna chifukwa cha atitis ofunikira. Kuti tichotse matendawa, zimangotenga 1 ampoule yokha yamankhwala onse, motero ndiokwera mtengo. Kwa sabata logwiritsa ntchito yankho, ndikotheka kuchotsa zonse zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa.
Lisa, wazaka 31, Ekaterinburg.
Ndadziwa za Dioxidin kuyambira ndili mwana - amayi anga nthawi zonse ankawachitira mankhwalawa. Thandizo lalikulu. Tsopano nthawi zina ndimagwiritsa ntchito ndekha mwana wanga wamkazi akamakhala ndi snot yobiriwira chifukwa cha ma adenoids. Zimathandiza mwachangu komanso moyenera, koma pazifukwa zina sizikhala choncho.
