Metformin ndi mankhwala omwe amapangidwa ndi opanga mawonekedwe a mapiritsi okhala ndi mamiliyoni angapo a milligram of the main yogwira.
Mu msika wogulitsa, mankhwala amaperekedwa omwe ali ndi yogwira pawiri ya 500, 850 mg ndi 1000 mg.
Mapiritsi onse okhala ndi 500, 850 mg ndi 1000 mg amasiyana pakati pawo osati kuchuluka kwa zosakaniza zomwe zimagwira.
Mtundu uliwonse wa piritsi umayenera kusiyana pakati pawo mwa kujambulidwa pamankhwala.
Kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndi mafotokozedwe ake
Mapiritsi okhala ndi kuchuluka kwa gawo lalikulu la 500 mg ali ndi mtundu woyera kapena pafupifupi. Kunja kwa mankhwalawo kumakutidwa ndi membala wamakanema, womwe umakhala ndi "93" mbali imodzi ya mankhwalawo ndi "48" mbali inayo.
Mapiritsi a 850 mg ndi chowulungika komanso filimu. Pamaso pa chigobacho, "93" ndi "49" alembedwa.
Mankhwalawa, okhala ndi kuchuluka kwa 1000 mg, amakhala ozungulira bwino komanso wokutidwa ndi filimu yamafuta omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ziwopsezo mbali zonse ziwiri. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zotsatirazi zalembedwa pa chipolopolo: "9" kumanzere kwa zoopsa ndi "3" kumanja kwa zoopsa mbali imodzi ndi "72" kumanzere kwa zoopsa ndi "14" kumanja kwa zoopsa mbali inayo.
Chofunikira chachikulu cha mankhwalawa ndi metformin hydrochloride.
Kuphatikiza pazomwe zimapangidwira, mapangidwe a mankhwalawa amaphatikizapo othandizira, monga:
- povidone K-30;
- povidone K-90;
- silicon dioxide colloidal;
- magnesium wakuba;
- hypromellose;
- titanium dioxide;
- macrogol.
Mankhwalawa adapangira kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito pakamwa ndipo ali m'gulu la Biguanides.
Dziko lomwe adachokera ndi Israeli.
Pharmacodynamics ndi pharmacokinetics a mankhwalawa
Kugwiritsa ntchito Metformin kumathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi a shuga amtundu wachiwiri. Kuchepa kwa ndende kumachitika chifukwa cha kuletsa kwa ma bioprocesses a gluconeogeneis m'maselo a chiwindi ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya bioprocesses pamagwiritsidwe ake a maselo a minofu yotengera insulin. Izi zimakhala ndi minofu yolimba ndi adipose.
Mankhwala alibe tanthauzo bioprocesses kuwongolera kaphatikizidwe wa insulin mu pancreatic beta maselo. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa sikumupangitsa kuti mumvetsetse za hypoglycemic. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumakhudzanso bioprocesses yomwe imachitika pa lipid metabolism, pochepetsa zomwe zili triglycerides, cholesterol ndi lipoproteins yotsika mu seramu yamagazi.
Metformin imakhala ndi zolimbikitsa pazomwe zimachitika mu intracellular glycogeneis. Zokhudza intracellular glycogeneis ndi activation ya glycogenitase.
Mankhwala atalowa m'thupi, Metformin imangotsala pang'ono kulowa m'magazi kuchokera m'mimba. The bioavailability wa mankhwalawa kuchokera 50 mpaka 60 peresenti.
Pazipita ndende ya yogwira amapezeka mu madzi am`magazi 2,5 pambuyo kumwa mankhwala. Patatha maola 7 mutatha kumwa mankhwalawa, kuyamwa kwa mankhwala opakidwa pang'onopang'ono kuchokera m'magazi kumatha, ndipo mankhwala omwe amapezeka m'madzi amayamba kuchepa. Mukamamwa mankhwalawo ndi chakudya, mayamwidwe amachepetsa.
Pambuyo polowera mu plasma, metformin sikugwirizana ndi mapuloteni omaliza. Ndipo amagawidwa mwachangu mthupi lonse.
Kuchoka kwa mankhwalawa kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito impso. Metformin imachotsedwa osasunthika m'thupi. Hafu ya moyo wa mankhwalawa ndi maola 6.5.
Zizindikiro ndi contraindication kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa
Chizindikiro chogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa Metformin mv ndi kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga mwa munthu, omwe sangathe kulipidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya komanso zolimbitsa thupi.
Metformin mv Teva ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhazikitsa monotherapy, komanso ngati imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta kuchita.
Pochita mankhwala ovuta, ma hypoglycemic othandizira pakamwa kapena insulin angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Milandu ikuluikulu yomwe imamwa mankhwalawa ndi iyi:
- Kukhalapo kwa hypersensitivity ku gawo lalikulu la mankhwala kapena pazinthu zothandizira.
- Wodwala ali ndi matenda a shuga a ketoacidosis, diabetes kapena preca.
- Kuwonongeka kwa impso kapena kulephera kwa aimpso.
- Kukula kwa pachimake zinthu, pomwe kuwoneka kuphwanya kugwira ntchito kwa impso ndikotheka. Zinthu ngati izi zimaphatikizira kuchepa madzi m'thupi komanso hypoxia.
- Kukhalapo kwa thupi kuwonetseredwa kwamatenda owopsa komwe kumayambitsa mawonekedwe a minofu hypoxia.
- Kuchita maopareshoni ambiri.
- Wodwala amakhala ndi vuto la chiwindi.
- Kupezeka kwa uchidakwa wodwala mwa wodwala.
- Mkhalidwe lactic acidosis.
- Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa maola 48 asanafike ndi maola 48 mayeso atachitika pogwiritsa ntchito ayodini.
- Sibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa maola 48 asanafike ndi maola 48 atachitidwa opaleshoni, yomwe imayendera limodzi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni yayikulu.
Kuphatikiza pa zochitika izi, mankhwalawa sagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha zakudya zamafuta ochepa komanso ngati wodwala akudwala matenda ashuga osakwana zaka 18.
Mankhwala ndi oletsedwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakubala mwana kapena poyamwitsa.
Mukakonzekera kutenga pakati, Metformin MV Teva imasinthidwa ndi insulin ndipo matenda a shuga akuphatikizidwa ndi insulin. Munthawi ya bere ndi nthawi yoyamwitsa, wodwalayo amayang'aniridwa ndi achipatala.
Ngati kuli kofunikira kumwa mankhwalawa panthawi yoyamwitsa, ndikofunikira kusiya kuyamwitsa.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa
Pakukhazikitsa mankhwala a Metformin Teva, malangizowo ndi okwanira ndipo amafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane malamulo ovomerezeka ndi mulingo, omwe amalimbikitsidwa kuvomerezeka.
Mankhwalawa amayenera kumwedwa pakudya kapena pambuyo pake.
Mlingo woyambirira wa mankhwalawa amatha, kutengera kufunika kwake, amasiyana 500 mpaka 1000 mamililita kamodzi patsiku. Ndi bwino kumwa mankhwalawa. Pakakhala zotsatirapo zoyenera za kumwa mankhwalawo patatha masiku 7-15, mlingo wa mankhwalawa, ngati pakufunika, utha kuwonjezeredwa mpaka 500-1000 milligrams kawiri pa tsiku. Ndi makonzedwe awiri a mankhwalawa, mankhwalawa amayenera kumwedwa m'mawa ndi madzulo.
Ngati ndi kotheka mtsogolo. Kutengera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi la wodwalayo, mlingo wa mankhwalawo ukhoza kuwonjezereka.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito yokonza mlingo wa Metformin MV Teva, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchotse kuyambira 1500 mpaka 2000 mg / tsiku. Kuti atenge kumwa kwa Metformin MV Teva kuti asakwiyitse wodwala kuti asatengere m'matumbo am'mimba, mulingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku umalimbikitsidwa kuti ugawidwe magawo awiri mpaka atatu.
Mulingo wovomerezeka wa Metformin MV Teva ndi 3000 mg patsiku. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku uyenera kugawidwa pawiri.
Kukhazikitsa kuwonjezeka kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku kumathandizira kukometsa kwa m'mimba kwa mankhwalawa.
Mukasinthana ndi mankhwala ena omwe ali ndi vuto la hypoglycemic kupita ku Metformin MV Teva, muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwalawa kenako ndikuyamba Metformin.
Mankhwala a Metformin MV Teva angagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi imodzi ndi insulin ngati gawo limodzi la mankhwala othandizira. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa limodzi, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito insulin kwa nthawi yayitali. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma insulin kwa nthawi yayitali limodzi ndi Metformin kumakuthandizani kuti mukwaniritse bwino mphamvu ya thupi.
Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa, kuyezetsa magazi pazomwe zili ndi shuga kumafunika, mlingo wa mankhwalawa umasankhidwa aliyense payekha.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kuchiza odwala okalamba, mlingo wa mankhwalawa patsiku suyenera kupitirira 1000 mg patsiku.
Zotsatira zoyipa ndi zovuta za bongo
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, mavuto ena amatha kuwonekera m'thupi la wodwalayo.
Kutengera pafupipafupi kwa zomwe zimachitika, zotsatira zoyipa zimagawika m'magulu atatu: nthawi zambiri - kuchuluka kwake kumapitilira 10% kapena kuposerapo - kawirikawiri - izi zimachokera ku 1 mpaka 10%, osati kawirikawiri - zochitika zazotsatira zimachokera ku 0.1 mpaka 1%, kawirikawiri - zovuta zoyambira zimachokera ku 0,01 mpaka 0,1% ndipo kawirikawiri zomwe zimachitika ndizotsatira zimakhala zosakwana 0.01%.
Zotsatira zoyipa mukamamwa mankhwalawa zimatha kuchitika pafupifupi mthupi lililonse.
Nthawi zambiri, maonekedwe a kuphwanya lamulo chifukwa chomwa mankhwalawa akuti:
- kuchokera ku dongosolo lamanjenje;
- m'mimba;
- mu mawonekedwe a thupi lawo siligwirizana;
- kuphwanya kagayidwe kachakudya njira.
Kuchokera kumbali ya dongosolo lamanjenje lamkati, zotsatira zoyipa zimawonekera pakukhumudwa.
Mukamamwa mankhwalawo m'matumbo am'mimba, mavuto ndi zovuta zotsatirazi zitha kuchitika:
- Kuchepetsa mseru
- Zilango zakusanza.
- Ululu pamimba.
- Kuchepetsa chidwi.
- Kusokonezeka kwa chiwindi.
Thupi lawo siligwirizana nthawi zambiri limakhala mu erythema, kuyabwa pakhungu ndi zotupa pakhungu.
Dokotala akuyenera kufotokozera odwala matenda ashuga momwe amamwe Metformin kuti apewe zoyipa. Osowa kwambiri, odwala omwe amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali amatha kukhala ndi B12 hypovitaminosis.
Pogwiritsa ntchito Metformin pa mlingo wa 850 mg, kukula kwa zizindikiro za hypoglycemic sikuwonetsedwa mwa odwala, koma nthawi zina lactic acidosis imatha kuchitika. Ndi kukula kwa chizindikiro chosavomerezeka ichi, munthu amakhala ndi zizindikiro monga:
- kumva mseru;
- kufuna kusanza;
- kutsegula m'mimba
- kutsika kutentha kwa thupi;
- kupweteka pamimba;
- kupweteka kwa minofu;
- kupuma msanga;
- chizungulire komanso chikumbumtima.
Kuti muchotse bongo mopitirira muyeso, muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwalawo ndikugwirira ntchito yodziwitsa.
Mndandanda wa mankhwalawa, mtengo wake ndi kuwunika kwake
Mapiritsi ogulitsa m'mafakitale amagulitsidwa m'makatoni, ndipo chilichonse chimakhala ndi matuza angapo momwe mapiritsi amafuta amadzaza. Chithuza chilichonse chimanyamula mapiritsi 10. Katemera wa makatoni, kutengera kunyamula, atha kukhala ndi matuza atatu mpaka 6.
Sungani mankhwalawo pamtunda osapitirira 25 digiri pamalo amdima. Alumali moyo wa mankhwala ndi zaka 3.
Sizingatheke kugula mankhwalawo pawokha m'masitolo, chifukwa kutulutsidwa kwa mankhwala kumachitika pokhapokha ngati mumalandira mankhwala.
Ndemanga za odwala omwe adagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mankhwalawa akuwonetsa kuyenera kwake. Odwala ambiri amasiyira ndemanga zabwino za mankhwalawo. Kuwunikira kuwunika koyipa nthawi zambiri kumayenderana ndi kuwoneka kwa zoyipa zomwe zimachitika ndikuphwanya malamulo ovomerezeka komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya fanizo la mankhwalawa. Zodziwika kwambiri ndi:
- Bagomet.
- Glycon.
- Glyminfor.
- Glformin.
- Glucophage.
- Langerine.
- Metospanin.
- Metfogamma 1000.
- Metfogamm 500.
Taccena Metformin 850 ml imadalira malo ogulitsa mankhwala ndi dera lomwe likugulitsidwa ku Russian Federation. Mtengo wapakati wa mankhwalawo mumasamba ocheperako umachokera ku 113 mpaka 256 rubles.
Kanemayo munkhaniyi akufotokoza za Metformin.
