Masiku ano ku Russia oposa 10 ml a anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amalembetsedwa. Matendawa amatuluka motsutsana ndi maziko a kusowa kwa insulin komwe kumachitika mu njira za metabolic.
Kwa odwala ambiri, insulin tsiku lililonse imawonetsedwa kwa moyo wonse. Komabe, masiku ano pamsika wazachipatala zoposa 90% yazokonzekera zonse za insulin sizipangidwa ku Russian Federation. Kodi izi zikuchitika chifukwa chiyani, chifukwa msika wopanga insulin ndiwopindulitsa kwambiri komanso umalemekezedwa?
Masiku ano, kupanga insulin ku Russia mthupi ndi 3.5%, ndipo mwa ndalama - 2%. Ndipo msika wonse wa insulin ukuyerekeza madola 450-500 miliyoni. Mwa kuchuluka kumeneku, 200 miliyoni ndi insulin, ndipo ena onse amawonongedwa (pafupifupi miliyoni 100) ndi mapiritsi a hypoglycemic (130 miliyoni).
Opanga Ma insulin
Kuyambira 2003, mbewu ya insulin Medsintez idayamba kugwira ntchito ku Novouralsk, pomwe lero imapanga pafupifupi 70% ya insulini yotchedwa Rosinsulin.
Kupanga kumachitika mnyumba 4000 m2, yomwe imakhala ndi 386 m2 chimbudzi. Komanso, mtengowo uli ndi malo oyeramo ukhondo D, C, B ndi A.
Wopanga amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamakono komanso zida zaposachedwa kuchokera kumakampani odziwika bwino ogulitsa. Izi ndi zida zama Japan (EISAI) zaku Germany (BOSCH, SUDMO) ndi zida zaku Italy.
Mpaka chaka cha 2012, zinthu zofunika pakupanga insulin zidapezeka kunja. Koma posachedwa, a Medsintez, adapanga mtundu wake wa mabakiteriya ndikutulutsa mankhwala ake omwe amatchedwa Rosinsulin.
Kuyimitsidwa kumapangidwa m'mabotolo ndi makatiriji amitundu itatu:
- P - njira yothandizira kusintha majini a anthu. Kugwiritsa ntchito pambuyo pa mphindi 30. pambuyo makonzedwe, nsonga ya kugwiriridwa kumachitika patatha maola 2-4 jekeseni ndi kumatenga mpaka maola 8.
- C - insulin-isophan, cholinga cha sc makonzedwe. Hypoglycemic effect imachitika pambuyo pa maola 1-2, kuphatikiza kwakukulu kumafikiridwa pambuyo pa maola 6-12, ndipo nthawi yayitali imatha mpaka maola 24.
- M - anthu a magawo awiri a Rosinsulin a sc sc. Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya shuga kumachitika pakatha mphindi 30, ndipo kuchuluka kwambiri kumachitika maola 4 mpaka 12 ndipo kumatenga mpaka maola 24.
Kuphatikiza pa mitundu iyi ya Mlingo, Medsintez amatulutsa mitundu iwiri ya zolembera za syinsulin za Rosinsulin - zapamwamba komanso zosinthika. Ali ndi njira yawoyokhayo yomwe imakupatsirani mwayi kuti mubwezereni mlingo wapitawo ngati sunayikiridwe momwe ungafunikire.
Rosinsulin ali ndi ndemanga zambiri pakati pa odwala ndi madokotala. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati pali matenda a shuga 1 kapena mtundu 2, ketoacidosis, chikomokere kapena gestational matenda ashuga. Odwala ena amati atayambitsidwa, amalumpha m'magazi a shuga, ena odwala matenda ashuga, m'malo mwake, amatamandanso mankhwalawa, ndikutsimikizira kuti amakupatsirani mwayi wotsimikiza glycemia.
Komanso, kuyambira 2011, chomera choyamba chopanga insulin chidayambitsidwa ku Oryol Region, chomwe chimachita mkombero wathunthu, ndikupanga zolembera zodzala ndi zotsekemera. Ntchitoyi idakhazikitsidwa ndi kampani yapadziko lonse Sanofi, yomwe imagulitsa kwambiri mankhwala omwe amachiza matenda a shuga.
Komabe, mbewuyo siipanga zinthuzo zokha. Mwanjira youma, thupilo limagulidwa ku Germany, pambuyo pake mahomoni amtundu wa anthu, mawonekedwe ake ndi mbali zothandizira zimasakanikirana kuti apeze kuyimitsidwa kwa jekeseni. Chifukwa chake, kupanga kwa insulin yaku Russia ku Orel kumachitika, pomwe ma insulin amakonzekera mwachangu komanso nthawi yayitali amapangidwa, mtundu womwe umakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse za nthambi ya Germany.
WHO ikulimbikitsa kuti mayiko omwe ali ndi anthu opitilira 50 miliyoni azikonzekera okha kupanga mahomoni. Izi zikuthandizira odwala matenda ashuga kuti asamavutike kugula insulin.
Kuphatikiza apo, insulin imapangidwa ndi Geropharm, mtsogoleri wopanga mankhwala opangidwa ndi majini ku Russia. Kupatula apo, wopanga yekhayo ndi amene amapanga zinthu zapakhomo m'njira zamankhwala ndi zinthu.
Mankhwalawa amadziwika ndi aliyense amene ali ndi matenda ashuga. Izi zikuphatikiza Rinsulin NPH (mphamvu yapakatikati) ndi Rinsulin P (zochita zazifupi). Kafukufuku wachitika pofuna kutsimikizira momwe mankhwalawa amagwiridwira ntchito, pomwe kusiyana kwakukulu kunapezeka pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a insulin ndi mankhwala akunja.
Chifukwa chake, odwala matenda ashuga amatha kudalira insulin yaku Russia popanda kuda nkhawa ndi thanzi lawo.
Kodi mankhwala achilendo angalowe m'malo mwa insulin yanyumba?
Kuzungulira kwathunthu kwa kupanga mankhwala opangidwa ndi majini kukhazikitsidwa pamaziko a Moscow Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences ku Obolensk. Koma izi ndizopangira magetsi ocheperako, kuphatikiza apo, malonda amapakidwa m'matumba osavomerezeka omwe sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba. Komanso, kampaniyo siyipanga mankhwala omwe amakhala ndi tanthauzo osatha.
Ponena za Medsintez ndi Pharmastandart, opanga insulin awa amalongedza katundu wogulitsa kunja. Mitengo yawo imakhala yofanana ndi mtengo wa chinthu chakunja.
Komabe, masiku ano makampani ena opanga mankhwala ku Russia ali okonzeka kugwira nawo ntchito yonse yopanga insulin. Amakonzedwanso kuti amange chomera kudera la Moscow, komwe mankhwala apamwamba komanso amakono azidzapangidwa omwe azithandiza odwala matenda ashuga. Chifukwa chake, kwa chaka chimodzi wopanga amapanga zinthu 250 makilogalamu.
Amaganiziridwa kuti kupanga kwa insulin yopanga tokha kudzakhala mu 2017. Izi zimalola kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga azigula insulin yotsika mtengo kwambiri. Palinso maubwino ena opanga mankhwala apakhomo:
- Choyamba, mbewu zamankhwala zimayamba kupanga mahomoni amtundu wa nthawi yayitali komanso wa ultrashort.
- M'zaka 34 zotsatira, akukonzekera kukhazikitsa mzere wokwanira maudindo onse anayi.
- Timadzi timeneti timapezeka m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana - ma syringes osinthika komanso otayika, zolembera, mabotolo ndi makatoni.
Koma izi ndi zazitali. Chifukwa chake, insulin ku Russia sichitha posachedwa kusintha mankhwala omwe atengedwa kunja.
Pakadali pano, Novo Nordisk (43.4%), Eli Lilly (27,6%) ndi Sanofi-Aventis (17.8%) amakhalabe makampani otsogola pamisika yapadziko lonse ndi Russia.
Pharmstandard ali m'malo achinayi pamndandandawu (6%), pomwe opanga ena amangogwira 3% yokha ya insulin ku Russia.
Kutumiza kunja kwa insulin yaku Russia kupita ku Europe
Kuyambira mu 2016, kampani Sanofi (France) ili ndi mwayi wotumiza mankhwala aku antiidiabetes ku Russia. Kupanga kwa insulin kumachitika m'chigawo cha Oryol ku chomera cha Sanofi-Aventis Vostok.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti gawo lachitatu la msika wa insulin (18.7%) ndi malo a Sanofi Russia. Nthawi yomweyo, mkulu wa bungwe, a Victoria Yeremina, akuti anthu ashuga omwe akukhala ku Russia alibe nkhawa, chifukwa zinthu zomwe zimagulitsidwa ku Russia sizikucheperako, ngakhale kuti insulini idakwera.
Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kowonjezereka kwa kuchuluka kwa ntchito. Inde, fakitale ya Sanofi Oryol ili ndi zida zaposachedwa kwambiri komanso matekinoloje opangidwa mwaluso. Chifukwa chake, dzina la insulin Glargin Lantus waku Sanofi amatenga gawo lalikulu pakugulitsa insulin mumsika waku Russia.
Chifukwa chake, insulin idzakhala yoyamba ya zinthu za ku Russia za Sanofi kuti zizitumizidwa kunja. Kwa kampani yaku France, yankho lotere ndilabwino komanso lopindulitsa pachuma, popeza zovuta zisanachitike, mtengo wopanga mankhwala ku Europe ndi Russia udalinso wofanana, koma pambuyo pake kupanga insulini kudakhala kotsika mtengo ndi 10-15%. Ndipo kuchuluka kwa zochulukitsa kumachepetsa mtengo wa zopanga.
Kanemayo munkhaniyi akukamba za kupanga insulin ku Russia.
