Malinga ndi zomwe boma linanena, pafupifupi, aliyense waku Russia amadya mpaka kilogalamu imodzi ya shuga pa sabata. Kutenga shuga wambiri chonchi, thupi limakakamizidwa kuti lizigwiritsa ntchito calcium yambiri, motero, pakapita nthawi, chinthuchi chimatsukidwa kuchokera m'mafupa, ndikuyamba kuwonda. Njira ya pathological imathandizira kukulitsa mafupa, imachulukitsa mwayi wa miyendo.
Ndi matenda a shuga, odwala ambiri amaletsedwa kudya shuga, komabe, pamene gawo la matendawa limakhala lofatsa, wodwalayo amaloledwa kuphatikiza shuga pang'ono m'zakudya. Zochuluka zomwe zimaloledwa kudya patsiku zimatsimikiziridwa ndi adotolo, pafupifupi tikulankhula pafupifupi 5% ya mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse azakudya zonse.
Ziyenera kudziwitsidwa pompopompo kuti ndizovomerezeka kudya zinthu zotere pokhapokha ngati shuga ali pachiwopsezo. Kupanda kutero, mafuta osavuta othandizira amayenera kusiyidwa kwathunthu.
Vuto lina lomwe munthu wodwala matenda ashuga angakumane nalo ndi kuwola kwa mano, ngakhale kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono kwa kudya shuga pamodzi ndi hyperglycemia kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa enamel ya mano.
Kodi shuga ya nzimbe ndi chiani
Izi ndi sucrose yosapangidwa momwe zosungunulira za zitsulo zopopera zimapezeka, chifukwa chomwe shuga amapeza pang'ono. Kusiyana pakati pa nzimbe ndi kuti mumakhala madzi ambiri kuposa mitundu ina ya shuga. Ma Molass amapereka kukoma kwa malonda, ndipo zomwe zili ndi shuga zimachokera ku 90 mpaka 95 g pa 100 magalamu. Izi zimasiyanitsa shuga wa nzimbe ndi shuga woyengedwa bwino, yemwe ali ndi 99% sucrose.
Zinyalala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazomera, pali chidziwitso chakuti ma antioxidants ndi mavitamini amapezeka mu shuga pang'ono, koma ndizovuta kuti thupi kugaya zakudya zotere.
Ngakhale dokotala ataloleza kugwiritsa ntchito shuga pang'ono za nzimbe, wodwalayo ayenera kusankha mitundu yake yapamwamba kwambiri. Posachedwa, nsomba zambiri zamalonda zawoneka pamsika, zomwe zimapangidwa chifukwa cha shuga woyengedwa, komwe ma molass amangowonjezeredwa. Shuga "wamandayo" mu shuga ndi wowopsa ngati shuga wokhazikika, popeza ndi shuga woyengetsa, mulibemo zinthu zomwe zingakhale zothandiza mwa iwo.
Kunyumba, kusiyanitsa shuga ndi nzimbe ndi zoyera ndikosavuta:
- ikasungunuka m'madzi ofunda, sucrose yoyera imayamba;
- ma molasses amasintha msanga kukhala madzi, nthawi yomweyo amawaza ndi mawonekedwe.
Mukasungunula nzimbe zachilengedwe, sizichitika kwa iye.
Sayansi yamakono sikuti malonda amtunduwu ali ndi zabwino kapena mawonekedwe apadera, koma ali ndi sucrose pang'ono. Choyang'anitsitsa tiyenera kudziwa zomwe zili pazodetsa zoyipa.
Palibe kusiyana kwakukulu pamagwiritsidwe ake; mu shuga, shuga nzimbe imadyedwa mwa kuwongolera mosamala zopatsa mphamvu ndi mlingo.
Kodi vuto la shuga ndi chiyani?
Shuga, nzimbe zokha, zimasungidwa mu chiwindi mu mawonekedwe a glycogen. Mkulu wake ukakhala wokwezeka kwambiri kuposa wabwinobwino, shuga umayikidwa mu mawonekedwe amafuta, nthawi zambiri odwala matenda ashuga amakhala ndi mafuta ochuluka pamimba ndi m'chiuno. Pamene wodwala akudya chakudya chambiri chamafuta, thupi lake limakulirakulira.
Shuga yamtundu uliwonse imayambitsa kusowa kwa chakudya chabodza; izi zimayenderana kwambiri ndi kudumphadumpha m'magazi a shuga, kudya kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri kwamtsogolo.
Kuphatikiza apo, shuga imakhudza mkhalidwe wa khungu la wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zoterezi, makwinya atsopano amawonekera ndipo omwe analipo amawonjezereka. Komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumayambitsa zotupa zosiyanasiyana za pakhungu zomwe ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti muchiritse.
Zakhala zikuchitika mobwerezabwereza kuti mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, shuga amakhala omwe amachititsa kuti mavitamini asakwanitse, makamaka gulu B, zomwe ndizofunikira pakudya kokwanira kwa zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi chakudya:
- wowuma;
- shuga.
Ngakhale kuti shuga mulibe vitamini B, kagayidwe kabwinobwino sikotheka popanda iyo. Kuti muchepetse shuga komanso nzimbe, mavitamini B amayenera kutengedwa pakhungu, mitsempha, minofu ndi magazi, chifukwa thupi limakhala lodzaza ndi vuto la zinthuzi mkati. Ngati wodwala matenda ashuga sangapangire kuchepa, kuchepera kumangokulira tsiku lililonse.
Pogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri shuga, ndimadwala omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi vuto la shuga; amathanso kudwala kwambiri chifukwa cha mantha, kuwonongeka kooneka, komanso kugunda kwa mtima.
Kuphatikiza pa hyperglycemia, odwala matenda ashuga amawopsezedwa ndi zovuta zamtundu uliwonse zamatenda, minofu matenda, kutopa kosatha komanso kuwonongeka kwa ntchito yam'mimba.
Zina zomwe muyenera kudziwa
Madokotala akutsimikiza kuti zochulukitsa zamavuto omwe amapezeka shuga atatha kudya sukadakhala kuti izi zikadaletsedwa.
Anthu odwala matenda ashuga akamadya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu zamagalimoto, kuperewera kwa vitamini B sikumapezeka, chifukwa thiamine yofunikira pakuchepa kwa shuga ndi wowuma amapezeka mu chakudya chotere. Ndi chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha thiamine, kagayidwe kamunthu kamafalikira, ziwalo za m'mimba zimagwira ntchito moyenera, wodwalayo sakudandaula za matenda a anorexia, ali ndi thanzi labwino kwambiri.
Ndizodziwika bwino kuti pali mgwirizano wapakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito shuga mu shuga ndi vuto la mtima. Mafuta, ngakhale nzimbe, amachititsa kuti misempha ya mtima ikhale, imasokoneza kuchuluka kwa madzi, ndipo ngakhale kumangidwa kwamtima kumatheka.
Kuphatikiza apo, shuga amachepetsa mphamvu zomwe munthu amapereka. Ambiri odwala matenda ashuga amakhulupirira molakwika kuti shuga yoyera ndiye gwero lalikulu lamphamvu kwa thupi. Pali mafotokozedwe angapo pa izi:
- palibe thiamine mu shuga;
- pali mwayi wa hypoglycemia.
Ngati kuchepa kwa thiamine kuphatikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwazinthu zina za mavitamini B, thupi silitha kumaliza kutsekeka kwa mafuta, mphamvu zake sizikhala zokwanira. Zotsatira zake, wodwalayo amatopa kwambiri, ntchito yake imachepa.
Pambuyo pakuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kuchepa kwake kumayang'aniridwa kwambiri, komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwachilengedwe kwa insulin. Zotsatira zake, glycemia imachitika mu shuga ndi matenda oopsa: kutopa, ulesi, kusamva bwino, kuyamwa kwambiri, mseru, kusanza, kunjenjemera kwa malekezero apamwamba komanso otsika. Kodi ndizotheka pankhaniyi kunena kuti shuga amaloledwa kukhala ndi matenda ashuga?
Mu kanema mu nkhaniyi, Elena Malysheva amalankhula za kuopsa kwa nzimbe.
