Insulin Gensulin N: nthawi ya zochita ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala

Gensulin ndi yankho la jakisoni wa matenda a shuga. Mankhwala ndi contraindicated ngati mukumvera kwambiri zigawo zikuluzikulu, komanso hypoglycemia.

Gensulin H ndi nthawi yayitali insulin yaumunthu. Mankhwalawa amapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zopangira ma genetic. Gensulin H imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera kagayidwe ka glucose.

Njira ya Gensulin N ndi yoyera, kupumula kumakhazikika ndi mpweya woyera, pamwamba pake ndimadzimadzi opanda mtundu.

Pharmacology ndi kapangidwe

Gensulin H ndi insulin yaumunthu yomwe imapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamakono wa DNA. Mankhwalawa amakhala ngati kukonzekera kwa insulin komwe kumachitika nthawi yayitali.

Mankhwalawa amalumikizana ndi ma cell a cytoplasmic akunja kwam cell. Kuphatikizidwa kumapangidwa komwe kumakumbutsa, komanso kapangidwe ka michere ina yofunika, yomwe ndi:

• pyruvate kinase,
• hexokinase
• glycogen synthetase.

Zochita za kukonzekera kwa insulin zidzakhala zazitali ndi kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe. Kuthamanga uku kumatengera nyengo monga:

1. Mlingo
2. dera ndi njira yoyendetsera.

Zochita za bizinesiyo zisintha. Komanso, izi zimagwira ntchito kwa anthu osiyanasiyana, komanso ku mayiko a munthu yemweyo.

Mankhwala ali ndi mbiri yeniyeni yochitapo kanthu. Chifukwa chake, chidachi chimayamba kugwira ntchito patatha ola limodzi ndi theka, mphamvu yake yokwanira imakwaniritsidwa panthawi ya maola 3-10. Kutalika kwa mankhwalawa ndi maola 24.

The zikuchokera mankhwala lili 100 IU anthu recombinant insulin pa 1 ml. Othandizira ndi:

• metacresol
• glycerol
• protamine sulfate,
• zinc oxide
• phenol
• sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate,
• madzi a jakisoni
• hydrochloric acid mpaka pH ya 7.0-7.6.

Mfundo yogwira ntchito

Gensulin H amalumikizana ndi ma cell membrane receptors. Chifukwa chake, zovuta za insulin receptor zimawonekera.

Kupanga kwa AMP mu maselo a chiwindi kumachuluka kapena maselo am'matumbo amalowa m'maselo, insulin receptor complex imayamba kulimbikitsa zochitika mkati.

Kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi kumayambika:

1. kuchuluka kwa maselo
2. kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi minofu,
3. mapuloteni kaphatikizidwe
4. activation of lepogis,
5. glycogeneis
6. kutsika kwa chiwindi ndi chiwindi.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa

Mlingo wa mankhwalawa amatsimikiza ndi dokotala aliyense payekhapayekha. Kutengera ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, poganizira zomwe munthu ali nazo.

Zilonda mu ntchafu ndizabwino kwambiri, ndipo insulin imatha kubayidwa m'matako, khoma lamkati lakumbuyo, komanso minyewa ya brachial. Kutentha kwa kuyimitsidwa kuyenera kukhala kutentha kwa chipinda.

Malo a jakisoni amayambitsiridwa kachakumwa ndi mowa. Ndi zala ziwiri, pindani khungu. Chotsatira, muyenera kuyika singano pamtunda wa madigiri 45 m'munsi mwa khola ndikupanga jekeseni wa insulin.

Simufunikanso kuchotsa singano kwa pafupifupi masekondi 6 pambuyo pa jekeseni kuti mutsimikizire kuti mankhwalawo amathandizidwa kwathunthu. Ngati pali magazi m'malo a jakisoni, mutachotsa singano, ikani nyaliyo ndi chala chanu. Nthawi iliyonse tsamba la jakisoni lisinthidwa.

Gensulin N amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala a monotherapy komanso mu zovuta zovuta zokhala ndi insulin yochepa - Gensulin R.

Mu cartridgeges pali mpira wawung'ono wagalasi, womwe umathandiza kusakaniza yankho. Simuyenera kuchita kugwedeza katoni kapena botolo mwamphamvu, chifukwa izi zingayambitse kupangika kwa thovu, zomwe zimasokoneza kusonkhetsa ndalama molondola.

Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuwonekera kwa malonda mu makatiriji ndi mbale.

Sizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ngati muli ndi ma flakes kapena tinthu tating'ono tofewa timakhoma kapena pansi pa chidebe.

Zizindikiro ndi contraindication

Insulin Gensulin silingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati pali chidwi chochulukirapo, komanso hypoglycemia.

Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera pa mitundu ya shuga ndi mitundu 1 ndi 2.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali izi:

• gawo la kukana mankhwala a hypoglycemic,
• kukana pang'ono kwa mankhwala a hypoglycemic,
• maulendo apawiri,
• machitidwe
• matenda ashuga chifukwa cha mimba.

Zotsatira zotsatirazi ndizodziwika:

1. thupi lawo siligwirizana: kupuma movutikira, kutentha thupi, urticaria,
2. hypoglycemia: Kugwedezeka, kugwedezeka, mutu, mantha, kusowa tulo, kukhumudwa, kukwiya, kusayenda, kusawona bwino komanso kulankhula, hypoglycemic coma,
3. diabetesic acidosis ndi hyperglycemia,
4. kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kowonekera,
5. kuyabwa, hyperemia ndi lipodystrophy,
6. ngozi ya chikomokere
7. immunological zochita ndi anthu insulin;
8. kuchuluka kwa antibody titer ndi kuchuluka kwa glycemia.

Kumayambiriro kwa zamankhwala, pamakhala zolakwika zoyesa komanso edema, ndizakanthawi.

Njira ya jakisoni mukamagwiritsa ntchito insulin m'mbale

Kubayira insulini, ma syringe apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutengera kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zaphatikizidwa. Ndizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma syringes omwe amapanga komanso mtundu. Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana calrigation wa syringe, poganizira kuchuluka kwa insulin.

Kukonzekera jakisoni kuli motere:

• chotsani kapu yotetezera ya aluminiyamu ku flaon,
• samizani nkhumba ya botolo ndi mowa, osachotsa nkhumba ya mphira,
• piritsitsani mpweya mu syringe womwe umagwirizana ndi mlingo wa insulin,
• ikani singano mu cholembera, kuti mupeze mpweya,
• lembani botolo ndi singano mkati (kutha kwa singano ndikuyimitsidwa),
• tengani mulingo woyenera wa mankhwala mu syringe,
• Chotsani thovu
• tsatirani kulondola kwa njira ya insulin ndikumachotsa singano mu vial.

Mlingo uyenera kuperekedwa mwachindunji. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera:

1. gwiritsirani khungu ndi mowa pamalo opaka jekeseni,
2. kutenga khungu m'manja mwanu,
3. ikani singano ya syringe ndi dzanja linalo pakona madigiri 90. Muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti singano idayikiridwa kwathunthu ndipo ili mkati mwa khungu.
4. kuyang'anira insulin, kukankha piston mpaka pansi, ndikuwonetsa mankhwalawo pasanathe masekondi asanu,
5. chotsani singano pakhungu pakunyamula swab ya mowa pafupi. Kanikizani swab kumalo komwe jekeseni kwa masekondi angapo. Osatupa malo opaka jekeseni,
6. Popewa kuwonongeka kwa minofu, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito malo osiyanasiyana jakisoni aliyense. Malo atsopanowa akuyenera kukhala osachepera masentimita angapo kuchokera pambuyomu.

Njira Yogwiritsira Ntchito Cartridge In injion

Makatoni okhala ndi insulin Gensulin N amafunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito zolembera, mwachitsanzo, Gensupen kapena cholembera cha Bioton. Munthu wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kuphunzira mosamala malangizo ogwiritsa ntchito cholembera chotere ndikutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo ake.

Chida cha cartridge sichilola kusakanikirana ndi ma insulini ena mkati mwa cartridge. Makatoni opanda kanthu sayenera kudzazidwanso.

Muyenera kulowa muyezo wa insulin, womwe adapangidwa ndi dokotala. Tsamba la jakisoni liyenera kusinthidwa kuti malo amodzi asagwiritsidwe ntchito koposa nthawi 1 pamwezi.

Mutha kusakaniza jakisoni wa Gensulin P ndi kuyimitsidwa pang'ono kwa Gensulin N. Lingaliro lotere lingachitike ndi dokotala. Pokonzekera osakaniza, insulini yokhala ndi nthawi yayifupi, ndiye kuti Gensulin P, iyenera kusankha woyamba mu syringe.

Kubweretsa chisakanizocho kumachitika monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Chizindikiro cha bongo ndi kupangika kwa hypoglycemia. Zosakaniza za shuga kapena zomata zimatha kutengedwa pakamwa pochiza matenda ofatsa Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kuti muzinyamula maswiti, shuga, chakumwa chokoma, kapena makeke pafupipafupi.

Zokhudza kagayidwe kazakudya zimatha kupezeka, zomwe zimafotokozedwa mu kusapeza bwino kwa munthu. Nthawi zina, akhoza kukhala:

• vuto la hypoglycemic: kupweteka mutu, khungu pakhungu, kuchuluka thukuta, palpitations, kugwedezeka kwamphamvu, kusakhazikika kosakhazikika, kumva njala yayikulu, paresthesia pamlomo wamkamwa,
• chifukwa cha hypoglycemia, kukomoka kumatha kupangika,
• Zizindikiro za hypersensitivity: Nthawi zina, edema ya Quincke ndi zotupa pakhungu, komanso kuwopsa kwa anaphylactic,
• zimachitika mu gawo la makonzedwe: hyperemia, kuyabwa, kutupa, ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali - lipodystrophy mu shuga mellitus m'malo a jekeseni.

Ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa ndende ya glucose, komanso ngati munthu wasokonezeka, ndikofunikira kupangira 40% shuga pamitsempha. Mukakhala ndi chikumbumtima, muyenera kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi.

Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti muchepetse mobwerezabwereza hypoglycemia.

Malangizo apadera

Ndende ya magazi imatha kuchepetsedwa ngati munthu wasamutsidwa kuchokera ku insulin ya nyama kupita ku insulin ya anthu. Kusamutsaku kuyenera kukhala koyenera nthawi zonse ndikuchitika pokhapokha poyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala.

Chizolowezi chopanga hypoglycemia chingachepetse munthu kuyendetsa magalimoto, kumathandizira m'njira zina. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amalangizidwa kuti azinyamula shuga pafupifupi 20 g nthawi zonse.

Mlingo wa insulin umasinthidwa:

1. matenda opatsirana
2. kusokoneza chithokomiro,
3. Matenda a Addison
4. hypopituitarism,
5. CRF,
6. matenda ashuga mwa anthu opitilira 65.

Hypoglycemia ikhoza kuyamba chifukwa:

• insulin
• m'malo mankhwala
• kupsinjika kwakuthupi
• kusanza ndi kutsegula m'mimba
• matenda omwe amachepetsa kufunika kwa insulin,
• Matenda a chiwindi ndi impso,
• mogwirizana ndi mankhwala
• kusintha kwa jakisoni malo.

Pa nthawi yobereka komanso nthawi yayitali atabereka, kufunika kwa insulini kumatha kuchepetsedwa. Panthawi yoyamwitsa, muyenera kumayang'aniridwa tsiku lililonse kwa miyezi ingapo.

Hypoglycemic zotsatira za mankhwala ukuwonjezeka ndi sulfonamides, komanso:

1. Mao zoletsa
2. kaboni anhydrase zoletsa,
3. ACE zoletsa, NSAIDs,
4. anabolic steroids
5. bromocriptine
6. manzeru
7. onjezerani
8. ketoconazole,
9. mebendazole,
10. theofylline
11. cyclophosphamide, fenfluramine, Li + kukonzekera, pyridoxine, quinidine.

Analogi ndi mtengo

Mtengo wa mankhwalawa umatengera mlingo komanso wopanga. Pa intaneti amagulitsa mankhwalawa mtengo wotsika poyerekeza ndi malo ogulitsa mankhwala.

Mtengo wa Gensulin N umasiyana kuchokera 300 mpaka 850 rubles.

Zotsatira za mankhwalawa ndi:

1. Biosulin N,
2. Tilembere N,
3. Protamine insulin mwadzidzidzi
4. Insuman Bazal GT,
5. Insuran NPH,
6. Rosinsulin C,
7. Insulin Protafan NM,
8. Protafan NM Pofikira,
9. Rinsulin NPH,
10. Humodar B 100 Rec.

Mankhwalawa ali ndi ndemanga zabwino kuchokera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu woyamba 1.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito insulin adayikidwa mu kanema mu nkhaniyi.