Matenda a endocrine omwe amasokoneza mchere wamadzi, lipid ndi carbohydrate metabolism amatchedwa shuga mellitus. Pathology imadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ndende yamagazi, mkhalidwe womwe umadziwika kuti hyperglycemia.
Matenda a shuga amatha kukhala amtundu woyamba, pakakhala kusowa kwathunthu kwa insulin, ndi mtundu wachiwiri, momwe chidwi cha minofu yamthupi posinthira kwa mahomoni, kuchepa kwa insulin kumakhala kofanana.
Pali mitundu ina ya matenda ashuga, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kubadwa kwa majini, matenda a kapamba, njira zopatsirana. Matenda oyembekezera omwe ali ndi pakati amapezekanso.
Mosasamala mtundu wamatenda, wodwalayo amawonetsedwa zakudya zowonjezera, zimathandizira kubweretsa ziwonetsero zamagulu a mankhwalawa kuti ziwonjezere kuchuluka. Kumayambiriro komwe matendawa, chifukwa cha chakudya chokha, ndizotheka kukhalabe ndi glycemia pamlingo wamba, osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Koma mukudwala kwambiri:
- Zakudya ndizofunikanso;
- zimathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala.
Endocrinologist amalimbikitsa kuti odwala ake azitsatira dongosolo lazakudya lotchedwa tebulo nambala 9. Chakudyacho chinapangidwa ndi wasayansi wotchuka wa Nutrition Institute M. Pevzner, zomwe amapeza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulikonse kwazaka zambiri.
Cholinga chachikulu cha matenda ashuga chimatheka ndi choletsa chachikulu pazosankha zamafuta. Gawo No. 9 likuthandizira onse kuchiza kwa matenda a shuga 2 komanso kupewa.
Zolemba pa zakudya
Zakudya 9 za anthu odwala matenda ashuga zimakhazikika pakudya koyenera komanso kosakhazikika, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu, komanso kupatula zakudya zokazinga. Izi ndizofunikira, chifukwa kuchuluka kwamafuta ndi chakudya chamafuta kumakhudza thanzi laumoyo, kukulitsa nthawi ya matendawa.
Cholinga chachikulu cha zakudya zamankhwala ndikubweretsa kuchuluka kwa shuga mumagazi, komabe, pakukonzekera menyu, pamafunika kuganizira michere yothandiza, popanda kuchitira zinthu zofunikira.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupatula shuga yoyera muzakudya, gwiritsani ntchito malo ake (mwachilengedwe), muchepetse mchere, mafuta ndi mafuta olemera mwa cholesterol.
Zakudya 9 za 2 matenda a shuga zimapereka:
- kudya mapuloteni okwanira;
- kugwiritsa ntchito mavitamini olemera makamaka mu ascorbic acid;
- kukana kwathunthu kusuta, zakudya zokometsera, mowa.
Ndikofunikira kudya chakudya m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, moyenera amadya kangapo patsiku la 5-6 patsiku.
Mwambiri, menyu tsiku ndi tsiku a hyperglycemia amayenera kupita ku izi: chakudya (300-340 g), mafuta a nyama (55 g), mafuta a masamba (25 g), mapuloteni a nyama (50 g), protein protein (40 g), mchere wa tebulo (12 g). Ponena za mchere, pali malo ena m'malo mwake ndi sodium yochepa, motero ndikofunikira kudya chinthu choterocho.
Wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukumbukira kuti 12 g ya chakudya chamagulu ndi 1 mkate unit (XE). Pazinthu zilizonse, muyenera kuwerengera chakudya cham'mimba ndikuwamasulira ku XE.
Glycemic index (GI) yamalonda ndiyofunikanso, mutha kuiwona pagome lapadera.
Zomwe sizingadye matenda ashuga
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuphika kuchokera ku zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mavitamini okwanira ndi zinthu zomwe zimalimbikitsa kuperewera kwamafuta bwino. Muyenera kulabadira kanyumba tchizi, tchizi, zitsamba, masamba atsopano, oatmeal, mafuta a azitona owonjezera amkazi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba ndi nyama. Zakumwa zimaloledwa kumwa osazaza, zimatha kukhala misuzi, decoction wa zipatso zouma, zakumwa za zipatso ndi tiyi wobiriwira.
Endocrinologists amati ndi mtundu wa shuga wachiwiri ndikofunikira kuphatikiza rye, chinangwa, mkate wa tirigu wa gawo lachiwiri muzakudya, amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito mtanda wopanda mafuta. Chakudyacho chimakonzekera kuphika supu zamasamba, nyama yopendekera ndi msuzi wa nsomba, okroshka, borsch, soups omwe ali ndi chimanga chololedwa ndi masamba a nkhuku.
Nyama yophika iyenera kudyedwa: ng'ombe, nyama yamwana wamphongo, nkhumba, nkhumba yoyamira, mwanawankhosa. Kuchokera nyama zoterezi ndizotheka kuphika soseji ya matenda ashuga. Nsomba zam'chitidwe zophika mu phwetekere, tebulo nambala 9 limakupatsani mwayi kuti nthawi zina mumagwiritsa ntchito hering'onoting'ono pang'ono, zofunikira kuchokera ku nsomba zosakhwima.
Pazakudya ziyeneranso:
- mkaka
- zopangidwa mkaka;
- mafuta ochepa wowawasa zonona;
- ghee ndi batala;
- tchizi (wopanda mchere komanso wopanda mafuta);
- mazira (osaposa yolk imodzi patsiku).
Porridge amathanso kudyedwa monga: buckwheat, barele la ngale, barele, oat, mapira. Ndikwabwino kudya masamba ambiri, izi zithandiza popanga masamba a masamba.
Pofuna kuti musakweze shuga, muyenera kudya masamba, akhoza kuwiritsa, kuwuphika kapena kungokhala ophika. Wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti chakudya chimapezeka mumasamba, ndiye mitundu iyi ya masamba imadyedwa pang'ono. Mwachitsanzo, poganizira kuchuluka kwa chakudya, mbatata, kaloti owiritsa ndi beets, nandolo zobiriwira zamkaka zimadyedwa.
Odwala ambiri amayamika saladi wamasamba, zakudya zam'nyanja, msuzi wamafuta ochepa (kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa misuzi ya zokometsera za mpiru, horseradish).
Pazakudya, akuwonetsedwanso kuphatikiza zipatso, zipatso zotsekemera ndi zowawasa, zochepa za uchi wanyuchi. Ngati odwala matenda ashuga akufuna kudya confectionery, muyenera kusankha zinthu zopangidwa pamaziko a shuga. Izi zitha kugulidwa m'masitolo akuluakulu m'madipatimenti azakudya kapena kukonzekera palokha, onetsetsani kuti mukuwona glycemic index yamagawo omwe amapezeka.
Ndi matenda a shuga a 2, gome lachisanu ndi chinayi limaletsa kumwa:
- mowa
- mafuta msuzi;
- mtanda wa batala;
- pasitala, mpunga, msuzi wamkaka ndi semolina;
- nkhuku mafuta, nyama, zakudya zamzitini.
Kuletsa kofananako pakudya ndi mtundu 1 shuga.
Madokotala amalangiza kusiya nsomba zamchere, zonona, zosuta, mafuta am'chitini, kuzifutsa, masamba amchere amtundu uliwonse.
Simungadye mkaka wokazinga wowotchera, zonona, tchizi zamchere, mkaka wophika, ma curds okometsedwa. Ndibwino kumwa zakumwa zotsekemera, mandimu, kudya kupanikizana, zipatso zouma (zouma, deti, nkhuyu) ndi hyperglycemia. Ban nthochi, maswiti ndi mphesa, nyama ndi mafuta ophikira.
Matebulo okhala ndi zizindikiro za GI ndi zinthu zoletsedwa akhoza kutsitsidwa pa intaneti.
Maphikidwe a shuga
Ndibwino kuti shuga adye zidutswa za nthunzi, mbale zotere zimakhutiritsa thupi la wodwalayo ndi kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a nyama ndipo sizingayambitse mavuto a kapamba.
Pophika, muyenera kutenga 200 g ya nyama, pogaya ndi blender kapena nyama chopukusira. Ndikofunika kugula nyama, osati nyama yokonzekera. Poterepa, wodwala akuwonetsetsa kuti amadya zomwe waloledwa.
Mkaka, zilowerere 20 g wa zopangira, kuphatikiza ndi nyama, nyengo pang'ono ndi mchere ndi tsabola wakuda. Cutlets amapangidwa kuchokera ku minced nyama, yophika mu uvuni kwa mphindi 15 (kutentha 180 degrees). Gawo limaloledwa kuthira batala pang'ono.
Chakudya chabwino ndi msuzi wa dzungu, chifukwa chake kukonzekera ndikofunikira kutenga zotsatirazi:
- 400 g dzungu;
- 50 g kaloti;
- 50 g udzu winawake;
- 50 g anyezi.
Masamba amadulidwa mu cubes, kuyikika mu poto, kutsanulira 1.5 malita a madzi, wiritsani kwa mphindi 25 pambuyo kuwira. Masamba omalizidwa adaphwanyidwa mu blender, owazidwa ndi mchere kulawa, ndikuthira m'mbale. Kusintha kukoma, ndikofunika kuwonjezera kirimu wowawasa wopanda mafuta.
Chodyanso china chomwe chimagwirizana bwino ndi chakudya patebulo la 9 ndikutulutsa. Pukusani maapulo 70 otsekemera okoma, 130 g wa zukini, onjezerani 30 ml ya mkaka wopanda mkaka, supuni 8 za ufa (makamaka coarse), dzira la nkhuku. Kusakaniza kumayikidwa mu kuphika, kuphika mu uvuni kwa mphindi 20.
Nthawi zina mumatha kulowa maswiti popanda shuga. Pazakudya za tebulo nambala 9, mutha kupanga chitumbuwa cha lalanje. Orange imodzi yophika kwa mphindi 20, kuloledwa kuziziritsa, kuchotsa mafupa, kupera pa blender. Chotsatira, muyenera kumenya dzira ndi sweetener mu blender, nyengo kuti mulawe ndi mandimu, onjezerani zest pang'ono, 100 g ya almond nati. Misa:
- sakanizani;
- kuphatikizidwa ndi misa ya lalanje;
- kuthira mu nkhungu;
- Mphindi 40 kuphika mu uvuni (kutentha 180 madigiri).
Maphikidwe osavuta oterewa safunikira kuphika kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo angakope akatswiri ashuga azaka zilizonse. Nayi chakudya patebulo 9 lokhala ndi matenda ashuga a 2.
Zosankha sabata
Mwa ichi, mutha kuwona mndandanda wazakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku za anthu odwala matenda ashuga, zakudya zimagawidwa mu zakudya zisanu. Chakudya cham'mawa, nkhomaliro, idyani chakudya chopitilira 200 g, masana 400 g, chakudya chamadzulo masana 150, komanso chakudya chamadzulo mpaka 300. Mukamapanga mapulani a zakudya, GI yazogulitsa idatengedwa. Kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimaperekedwa kumavomerezeka ndi pafupifupi onse odwala matenda ashuga. Mukamatsatira malangizo a madokotala, tebulo la anthu odwala matenda ashuga lidzakhala ngati izi.
Lolemba: zipatso zokhala ndi mafuta ochepa kanyumba tchizi; mafuta ochepa kefir; kabichi woluka wopanda batala, msuzi wamasamba, mwanawankhosa wophika; nkhaka ndi kabichi saladi; masamba ophika ndi uvuni, nsomba yophika.
Lachiwiri: phala la buckwheat; maapulo compote yopanda shuga, borsch, nyama yophika kapena yonyowa; decoction a zouma rosehip zipatso, masamba saladi, nsomba chofowoka.
Lachitatu:
- mapira mapira, apulo watsopano;
- lalanje limodzi;
- tsabola wokhazikika, okroshka;
- karoti ndi saladi udzu winawake;
- mwanawankhosa ndi masamba (mutha kuphika).
Lachinayi: omelet ochokera azungu awiri azizungu, yogurt yopanda phindu; khutu, goulash wa nyama, barele la ngale; kabichi wodula, wodula nkhuku kudula.
Lachisanu: kanyumba tchizi casserole; kulowetsedwa kwa rosehip; msuzi wa phwetekere, makeke amtundu wa nsomba, kelp saladi (seaweed); Dzira la nkhuku saladi wa masamba, nkhuku yophika.
Loweruka: tchizi chochepa chamafuta ndi zipatso zatsopano; nkhuku yokazinga; msuzi wa bowa, saladi wa nkhaka ndi tomato; nkhuku zodyera nkhuku; shrimp yophika ndi nyemba zobiriwira.
Lamlungu:
- peyala imodzi, phala la chinangwa;
- dzira;
- Turkey ndi mphodza zamasamba;
- vinaigrette;
- mphodza ndi masamba.
Ngati tebulo 9 la anthu odwala matenda ashuga limayang'aniridwa mosamalitsa, wodwalayo angadalire kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kusintha kosakhalitsa. Ndi kunenepa kwambiri, tebulo la matenda ashuga limathandizira kuchepetsa kunenepa, kuwonjezera mphamvu.
Popanda contraindication, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuphatikiza tebulo lachiwiri ndi masewera, kuyenda kosangalatsidwa ndi mpweya wabwino. Mikhalidwe imeneyi ikakwaniritsidwa, shuga imatha kuwongoleredwa moyo.
Pazokhudza malamulo a zakudya No. 9 za odwala matenda ashuga adzauza vidiyo iyi.
