Chaka chilichonse, ma endocrinologists amawona zovuta za momwe angachepetsere zoopsa zomwe zingayambitse matenda obwera chifukwa chodwala matenda amtundu woyamba kapena mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda. Matenda ngati amenewa amakhudza thupi, mosasamala kanthu kuti wodwalayo ali ndi zaka zingati.
Nthawi zambiri, mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda umapezeka - shuga yemwe amadalira insulin, munthu wodwala sagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a insulin, koma amatsatira zakudya zochiritsika zosafunikira. Nawonso odwala matenda ashuga, akaphunzira za momwe matendawo amakhudzidwira m'thupi, nthawi zambiri amadabwa kuti amakhala ndi matenda ashuga a mtundu wa 2.
Endocrinologists sangapereke yankho lenileni komanso losatsutsika kufunsoli, chifukwa cha omwe odwala amawonetsa kudabwitsidwa ndi kusakhulupirira kwa dokotala. Pakadali pano, mutha kukhala ndi moyo wautali ngati mumatsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu, kupimidwa, kumadya moyenera ndikumakhala moyo wakhama.
Kodi anthu odwala matenda ashuga ali ndi zaka zingati?
Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka komwe amakhala ndi matenda ashuga, muyenera kuganizira mtundu wa matenda, kuuma kwa kukula kwake, kupezeka kwa zovuta. Malinga ndi ziwonetsero zakale, anthu omwe apezeka ndi matenda amtundu woyamba ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kufa msanga.
Poyerekeza ndi munthu wathanzi, zotsatira zakupha zimachitika kawiri kawiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati mwazindikira matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, munthu wodwala kwambiri ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi ukalamba nthawi 1.5.
Ngati anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga aphunzira za matendawa ali ndi zaka 14 - 35, amatha kukhala ndi insulin kwa zaka 50, ngakhale atatsatira zakudya zowonjezera zodwala ndikuyamba kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Chiwopsezo chawo cha kufa msanga ndi 10 peresenti poyerekeza ndi anthu athanzi.
Mulimonsemo, madokotala akutsimikizira kuti pali mayankho abwino kufunso "kuchuluka kwake amakhala ndi matenda ashuga." Munthu akhoza kupitiliza kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi ngati, atazindikira kuti wapezeka ndi matenda, ayamba kutsatira malamulo onse ofunikira - kulimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi, kutsatira zakudya zapadera, kumwa mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga.
- Vuto ndilakuti si onse endocrinologists omwe amapereka chidziwitso molondola momwe wodwala angathandizire. Zotsatira zake, vutoli limakulitsidwa, ndipo chiyembekezo cha moyo wa munthu chimachepa.
- Masiku ano, munthu atazindikira mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, amatha kukhala ndi zaka zambiri kuposa zaka 50 zapitazo. M'mazaka amenewo, chiwerengero cha anthu omwalira chimaposa 35%, pakadali pano, zizindikiro zotere zatsika mpaka 10 peresenti. Komanso, chiyembekezo chamoyo chambiri chinawonjezeka kangapo matenda a shuga a 2.
- Zomwezi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti mankhwala samayima. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga lero ali ndi mwayi wopeza insulini mwaulere posankha mtundu woyenera wa mahomoni. Pali mitundu yatsopano yamankhwala yogulitsidwa yomwe imathandiza bwino kulimbana ndi matendawa. Mothandizidwa ndi chipangizo chothandiza kunyamula cha glucometer, munthu akhoza kuyeserera payekha payokha kuti azikhala ndi shuga m'magazi kunyumba.
Mwambiri, matenda amtundu 1 amadziwika pakati pa ana ndi achinyamata. Tsoka ilo, pamsika uno, chiopsezo cha kufa chimakhala chambiri, chifukwa makolo samazindikira matendawa nthawi yake. Komanso, mwana nthawi zina amatha kutsatira payekha zakudya zoyenera, kuwunika kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Ngati mphindi yovuta yasowa, matendawa amapeza mphamvu komanso nthawi yayikulu matendawa imayamba.
Matenda a Type 2 amapezeka nthawi zambiri pakati pa anthu akuluakulu, ndikayamba kwa ukalamba.
Chiwopsezo cha kufa koyambirira chitha kuchuluka ngati munthu amakonda kusuta komanso kumwa mowa.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mtundu woyamba ndi wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga
Musanafunse funso kuti mutha kukhala ndi nthawi yayitali bwanji mutazindikira kuti muli ndi matenda ashuga, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kusiyana kwakukulu komwe kulipo pakati pa mankhwalawa ndi zakudya za mtundu woyamba komanso wachiwiri wa matenda. Matendawa nthawi iliyonse amakhala osachiritsika, muyenera kuzolowera, koma moyo umapitilira ngati mungayang'ane zovuta mosiyana ndi zomwe mukuchita.
Ngati matenda akhudza ana ndi achinyamata, makolo sangayang'anire matendawo nthawi zonse. Munthawi imeneyi, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndikusankha chakudya mosamala. Matendawa akakula, kusintha kumakhudza ziwalo zamkati ndi thupi lonse. Maselo a Beta amayamba kuphwanya, chifukwa chake insulin singathe kupanga bwino.
Mukakalamba, kulekerera kwa glucose kumayamba, chifukwa omwe ma cell a kapamba samazindikira insulin, chifukwa, shuga wamagazi amawonjezeka. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, ndikofunikira kuti musaiwale kudya molondola, kupita kumalo olimbitsa thupi, nthawi zambiri kuyenda mumlengalenga, ndikusiya kusuta ndi mowa.
- Chifukwa chake, wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kulandira matenda ake kuti adzithandize yekha kuti akhalenso ndi moyo wabwino.
- Muyeso wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa shuga uyenera kukhala chizolowezi.
- Pankhani ya shuga wodalira insulin, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupeze cholembera chapadera chomwe mungapangire jakisoni pamalo alionse abwino.
Zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala ndi moyo wazitali mu shuga
Palibe endocrinologist yemwe angatchule tsiku lenileni lomwe wodwalayo amwalira, popeza sizikudziwika momwe matendawa amayambira. Chifukwa chake, ndizovuta kunena kuti ndi anthu angati omwe amapezeka ndi matenda a shuga omwe amakhala. Ngati munthu akufuna kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa masiku ake ndikukhala ndi chaka chimodzi, muyenera kuyang'anira mosamala zinthu zomwe zimabweretsa imfa.
Ndikofunika kumwa pafupipafupi mankhwala omwe dokotala watchulidwa, kumwa mankhwala azitsamba ndi njira zina zochizira. Ngati simutsatira malingaliro a madokotala, tsiku lomaliza la odwala matenda ashuga ndi mtundu woyamba wa matenda atha kuchitika kale zaka 40-50. Choyambitsa chachikulu cha kufa msanga ndi kupezeka kwa kulephera kwa impso.
Ndi anthu angati omwe angathe kukhala ndi matendawa ndi chizindikiro cha munthu aliyense. Munthu amatha kudziwa nthawi yovuta ndikusiya kukula kwa matenda, ngati mumayezera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi glucometer, komanso kuyesedwa kwamkodzo wa shuga.
- Kutalika kwa moyo wa anthu odwala matenda ashuga kumachepetsedwa makamaka chifukwa chosintha mthupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti pa 23, dongosolo lokalamba pang'onopang'ono komanso losagonjetseka limayamba. Matendawa amathandizira kukulitsa kwakukulu kwa njira zowonongeka mu maselo ndi kusinthika kwa maselo.
- Kusintha kosasintha kwa matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri kumayamba zaka 23-25, pamene zovuta za atherosulinosis zikupita. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha stroke ndi gangore. Zoyipa zoterezi zitha kupewedwa ndikuwunika mayendedwe a magazi ndi mkodzo.
Wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira boma nthawi zonse, malamulowa ayenera kukumbukiridwa kulikonse komwe munthu ali - kunyumba, kuntchito, paphwando, paulendo. Mankhwala, insulin, glucometer ayenera kukhala ndi wodwalayo nthawi zonse.
Ndikofunikira kupewa zochitika zodetsa nkhawa, zokumana nazo m'maganizo momwe ndingathere. Komanso, musakhale ndi mantha, izi zimangokulitsa vutolo, zimaphwanya momwe mukumvera, zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwamanjenje ndi zovuta zamtundu uliwonse.
Ngati dotolo adazindikira matendawa, ndikofunikira kuvomereza kuti thupi silingathe kutulutsa insulin mokwanira, ndikuzindikira kuti tsopano moyo udzakhala pa ndandanda ina. Cholinga chachikulu cha munthu pakali pano ndikuphunzira kutsatira boma linalake ndipo nthawi yomweyo ndikupitilizabe kumva ngati munthu wathanzi. Kupatula kudzera m'malingaliro oterowo momwe moyo wautali ungakulidwe.
Kuchepetsa tsiku lomaliza momwe angathere, odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira malamulo okhwima:
- Tsiku lililonse, kuyeza shuga m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito electrochemical glucometer;
- Musaiwale za kuyeza kuthamanga kwa magazi;
- Pakapita nthawi, imwani mankhwala omwe adalembedwa ndi adokotala;
- Sankhani mosamala zakudya ndikutsatira regimen;
- Kwezani thupi pafupipafupi ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi;
- Yesani kupewa zopsinjika ndi zokumana nazo zamavuto;
- Khalani okonzeka kupanga bwino zochitika zanu zatsiku ndi tsiku.
Mukatsatira malamulowa, nthawi yomwe moyo udzakhala wolimba imatha kuchuluka, ndipo wodwala matenda ashuga sadzaopa kuti adzafa posachedwa.
Matenda a shuga - matenda akupha
Si chinsinsi kuti shuga yamtundu uliwonse imawerengedwa kuti ndi matenda akupha. Njira yotsogola ndikuti maselo a kapamba amayimitsa kupanga insulini kapena kupanga insulin yokwanira. Pakadali pano, ndi insulin yomwe imathandizira kuperekera glucose m'maselo kuti adye ndikugwira bwino ntchito.
Matenda akulu akayamba, shuga amayamba kudziunjikira m'magazi ambiri, pomwe simalowa m'maselo ndipo sawadyetsa. Zikatero, maselo omwe atha mphamvu amayesa kupeza glucose yemwe akusowa mu minofu yathanzi, chifukwa chomwe thupi limachepa pang'onopang'ono ndikuwonongeka.
Mwa odwala matenda ashuga, mtima wamagazi, ziwonetsero zam'magazi, dongosolo la endocrine limafooka poyambira, ntchito ya chiwindi, impso, ndi mtima zimawipira. Ngati matendawa anyalanyazidwa ndipo sanalandiridwe, thupi limakhudzidwa mwachangu komanso kwambiri, ziwalo zonse zamkati zimakhudzidwa.
Chifukwa cha izi, odwala matenda ashuga samakhala ocheperako kuposa anthu athanzi. Mtundu woyamba 1 ndi mtundu 2 wa matenda ashuga amatsogolera ku zovuta zazikulu zomwe zimadza ngati kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi sikuwongoleredwe ndikutsatira mwamphamvu malangizo akuchipatala atasiyidwa. Chifukwa chake, si ambiri odwala matenda ashuga omwe alibe chidwi amakhala ndi moyo zaka 50.
Kuti muwonjezere nthawi yayitali ya anthu odwala matenda a shuga omwe amadalira insulin, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito insulin. Koma njira yothanirana ndi matendawa ndikuyesetsa kupewa matenda ashuga ndikudya kuyambira pachiyambi pomwe. Kupewa kwachiwiri kumakhala munthawi yolimbana ndi zovuta zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga.
Kutalika kwa moyo ndi matenda a shuga akufotokozedwa mu kanema m'nkhaniyi.
