Gawo lalikulu la mankhwalawo ndi chachikulu yogwira mankhwala ndi metformin. Piritsi, ilipo mu mawonekedwe a hydrochloride.
Mankhwalawa amapangidwa ndi opanga mankhwala mwanjira ya piritsi. Mapiritsi amaikidwa m'matumba apadera ndipo amasindikizidwa ndi zojambulazo za aluminiyamu. Chotupa chilichonse chimasindikizidwa ndi mapiritsi 15 a mankhwalawo.
Mankhwala, kukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwala Glucofage kwa nthawi yayitali kumachitika m'makatoni okhala ndi matuza a 2 kapena 4. Aliyense phukusi la mankhwala Glucofage yaitali 750 ali ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, omwe amafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane magawo onse ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa pochiza matenda a shuga.
The zikuchokera mankhwala ndi zimakhudza thupi la odwala matenda ashuga
Chofunikira chachikulu - metformin, ndi gulu la gulu la Biguanide.
Gulu la Biguanide lili ndi kutchulidwa kwama hypoglycemic.
Kuphatikiza pa metformin hydrochloride, monga gawo logwira ntchito, mapiritsi amankhwala ali ndi mankhwala omwe amathandizira.
Zothandizira pazinthu izi zikuphatikiza izi:
- carmellose sodium;
- hypromellose 2910 ndi 2208;
- MCC;
- magnesium wakuba.
Mapiritsi a chophatikiza chachikulu chomwe ali ndi miligirama 750.
Mukamamwa mankhwala a Glucofage Long, chigawocho chimagwira kwathunthu kuchokera ku mawonekedwe a m'mimba m'magazi. Ngati mankhwalawa amatengedwa nthawi yomweyo ndi chakudya, mayamwidwe amachepetsa.
Pambuyo mayamwidwe, bioavailability wa phula pafupifupi 50-60%. Kulowa mu tiziwalo tathupi, metformin imagawidwa mwachangu mthupi lonse. Pa kayendedwe, mankhwala omwe amagwira ntchito samapangidwa ndi mapuloteni omwe amapezeka m'madzi a m'magazi.
Metformin simalimbikitsa kuphatikizika kwa insulin m'maselo a beta a kapamba, chifukwa cha ichi, kuyambitsa kwa mankhwala mthupi sikulimbikitsa kukula kwa zizindikiro za hypoglycemic.
Metformin imakhala ndi mphamvu yolimbikitsa maselo a minofu yotengera insulin. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amapanga pama cell, pali kuwonjezeka kwa chidwi cha maselo a cell ku insulin, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga azichotsa magazi.
Kuphatikiza apo, pali kuchepa kwa kaphatikizidwe ka shuga ndi maselo a chiwindi. Kuchepetsa kwa shuga m'magazi kumachitika chifukwa cha kuletsa kwa glycogenolysis ndi gluconeogeneis.
Yogwira popanga imathandizira ntchito ya glycogen synthetase.
Kugwiritsira ntchito Glucofage kutalika mu shuga mellitus kumathandizira kukonza thupi kapena kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono.
Metformin imayendetsa kagayidwe ka lipid. Kutsegula kwa metabolidi ya lipid kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa zomwe zimakhala m'mafuta a cholesterol, triglycerides ndi LDL m'thupi.
Mapiritsi otsekemera otsekemera amadziwika ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa chogwira ntchito, izi zimapangitsa kuti zotsatira za mankhwalawa zimakhala kwa maola 7 mutatha kumwa mankhwalawo.
Zizindikiro ndi contraindication
Kumwa glucophage ayenera kukhalapo pamaso pa mtundu 2 matenda a shuga odwala omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri chifukwa choti sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chamagulu komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mwapadera.
Chithandizo cha mankhwalawa chikuchitika pang'onopang'ono ngati mukuchita mankhwalawa kapena mukumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena othandizira ena, kuphatikizapo mankhwala okhala ndi insulin.
Monga mankhwala ena ambiri, Glucophage 850 yachilendo kapena Glucofage 750 ya nthawi yayitali imakhala ndi zotsutsana.
Milandu yayikulu yomwe sioyenera kumwa ndi iyi:
- Kukhalapo kwa hypersensitivity kwa gawo lalikulu la mankhwalawo kapena magawo ena a mankhwalawa.
- Kupezeka mu thupi la zizindikiro za chitukuko cha ketoacidosis, precoma kapena chikomokere.
- Kusokonezeka kwa ntchito ya impso ndi chiwindi, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa magwiridwe antchito.
- Matenda ena pachimake kapena pachimake.
- Kupeza odwala omwe ali ndi kuvulala kwambiri komanso panthawi ya opareshoni.
- Wodwala ali ndi mtundu wosamwa wa kuledzera komanso kuledzera.
- Kuzindikiritsa Zizindikiro za lactic acidosis.
- Mukamagwiritsa ntchito chakudya chama hypocaloric kapena mukamachititsa maphunziro pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi ayodini.
- Zaka za munthu wodwala matenda ashuga ndizosakwana zaka 18.
Sindikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pambuyo pakubereka komanso pakubala mwana.
Kusamala makamaka kuyenera kuthandizidwa popereka mankhwala othandizira odwala okalamba omwe akuchita ntchito yayikulu, izi zimachitika chifukwa chakukula kwambiri kwa zizindikiro za lactocytosis mthupi.
Kuphatikiza apo, kusamala ndikofunikira pakumwa mankhwala othandizira amayi omwe akuyamwitsa.
Zotsatira zoyipa ndi bongo
Popereka chithandizo chamankhwala, mavuto amabwera mthupi la wodwalayo.
Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndi lactic acidosis, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi kuchepa kwa mayamwidwe a vitamini B12.
Kuphatikiza apo, maonekedwe osokoneza ma kayendedwe amanjenje samatsutsidwa. Zisokonezo izi zimawonetsedwa ndi kusintha kwa kukoma.
Pa gawo la m'mimba, zotsatirapo zoyipazi zingachitike:
- nseru
- kusanza
- kupweteka m'mimba;
- kutsegula m'mimba
- kusowa kwa chakudya.
Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira zoyipa kuchokera kuntchito ya m'mimba zimawonekera nthawi yoyamba ya mankhwala ndipo pamapeto pake zimatha pakapita nthawi.
Kuti muchepetse mavuto obwera chifukwa cha m'mimba, timalimbikitsidwa kumwa mankhwalawo ndi chakudya kapena tikangomaliza kumwa.
Nthawi zina, pamakhala kusintha pakati pa chiwindi ndi maonekedwe a khungu lawo.
Kulandiridwa kwa Metformin mu Mlingo osapitirira 85 g sikubvulaza anthu ndipo sikumupangitsa kukula kwa zizindikiro za hypoglycemia mthupi, pomwe wodwalayo amakhalabe akuonetsa zizindikiro za lactocytosis.
Pakakhala zizindikiro zoyamba za lactocytosis, muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwalawo ndikupempha thandizo kuchipatala kuchipatala kuti mumveke bwino za matendawo ndikuzindikira kuchuluka kwa lactate m'thupi la wodwalayo. Ngati ndi kotheka, kuchipatala, njira ya hemodialysis ndi chithandizo chamankhwala imachitidwa.
Kuti muchepetse kuthana ndi mavuto, nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kuti muzimwa mapiritsi a Xenical nthawi yomweyo ndi Glucofage Long. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito molumikizana ndi metformin.
Musanayambe kumwa Glucofage yayitali muyezo wa 750 mg kapena mawonekedwe ake, muyenera kuphunzira momwe mankhwalawo amafotokozera malinga ndi malangizo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa amawongolera kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa. Koma musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa, muyenera kufunsa dokotala wanu za mankhwalawo.
Malinga ndi malangizo, amamwa mapiritsi mkati mwakenthu, osafuna kutafuna. Kumwa mankhwalawa kuyenera kutsagana ndi kutsuka piritsi ndi madzi ochepa.
Nthawi yabwino kumwa mankhwalawa ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yamadzulo.
Malinga ndi malangizo, kusankha kwa mankhwalawa kumachitika ndi dokotala yemwe amaganizira zotsatira za mayeso ndi machitidwe a thupi. Posankha mlingo wa kumwa mankhwalawo, dokotala yemwe amathandizira mankhwalawa amaganizira zomwe zimawonetsa mu chakudya cham'magazi a wodwalayo.
Glucophage kutalika kwa 750 mg ndi mankhwala pawiri ndi pakamwa. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, Mlingo wokhazikitsidwa ndi dokotala wopezekapo uyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndipo magawo a shuga omwe amapezeka m'madzi a m'magazi amayenera kuwunikidwa nthawi zonse.
Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amayamba ndi mlingo wa 500 mg, kawirikawiri, mankhwalawa amayamba ndi mlingo wa 850 mg.
Mankhwala amatengedwa katatu patsiku chakudya. Mlingo utha kupitilizidwa ngati pakufunika.
Mlingo wa mankhwala womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhazikitsa khola lamthupi ndi 1500-2000 mg patsiku.
Zikakhala kuti zakonzedwa kuti zisamutse wodwala kuti atenge Glucofage, ndiye kuti othandizira ena a hypoglycemic ayenera kusiyidwa.
Kugwirizana kwa Glucophage Long ndi mankhwala ena
Glucophage Long ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo la mankhwala othandizira kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala okhala ndi insulin. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa limodzi ndi jakisoni wa insulin, mulingo wotsatira uyenera kusankhidwa molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi kusinthasintha kwake.
Sizikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pochita maphunziro a thupi pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi ayodini. Maphunziro amenewa asanachitike, oyang'anira Glucofage ayenera kuyimitsidwa maola 48 isanachitike ndikuyambiranso kutenga masiku awiri atatha mayeso.
Pochiza wodwala Glucophagem Long pomwe amamwa mankhwala osakhudzana ndi hypoglycemic kwenikweni, ndikofunikira kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi am'magazi.
Mankhwalawa ndi:
- Mankhwala a Hormonal.
- Tetracosactide.
- Beta -2-adrenergic agonists.
- Danazole
- Chlorpromazine.
- Zodzikongoletsera.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumafunikira kuwunikira kosalekeza momwe kuchuluka kwa shuga m'thupi kumasinthira, ndipo ngati chizindikirocho chikutsikira pansipa mulingo wovomerezeka, mlingo wa Glucofage uyenera kusinthidwa.
Kuphatikiza apo, kutenga ma diuretics osakanikirana ndi Glucophage kumatha kupangitsa kukula kwa lactic acidosis mthupi.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga mankhwala a sulfonylurea, acarbose, insulin, salicylates, zimachitika ndi kukula kwa zizindikiro za hypoglycemia m'thupi.
Mankhwala ngati Amiloride, Digoxin, Morphine, Procainamide, Quinidine, Quinine, Ranitidine ndi ena ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiritsa, pali mpikisano pakati pa metformin ndi mankhwalawa pamayendedwe a tubular, zomwe zimapangitsa kukulira kwa kuchuluka kwa Metformin.
Mtengo wa mankhwalawa, mawonekedwe ake ndi ndemanga zake
Kugulitsa mankhwalawa kumachitika m'mafakitoreti okha malinga ndi mankhwala omwe adokotala amapita.
Kuti musunge mankhwala, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito malo amdima komanso ozizira, omwe sangafikire ana. Moyo wa alumali ndi zaka zitatu.
Ikatha nthawi yosungirako mankhwalawo, ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Ikatha nthawi yosungiramo, mankhwalawo amachoka.
Mankhwalawa ali ndi mitundu yonse ya fanizo. Mankhwala a Analog ali ofanana momwe amapangira thupi.
Mankhwala otsatirawa ndi fanizo la mankhwala:
- Bagomet;
- Glycon;
- Glyformin;
- Glyminfor;
- Langerine;
- Metospanin;
- Methadiene;
- Metformin;
- Siafor ndi ena.
Mtengo wa Glucofage Long 750 makamaka zimatengera kuchuluka kwa ma CD ndi dera la Russian Federation komwe kugulitsa kwamankhwala kumachitika.
Mtengo wa phukusi lomwe limakhala ndi mapiritsi 30 a mankhwala m'matumba awiri amasiyana malinga ndi dera ladziko lonse kuyambira 260 mpaka 320 rubles.
Mtengo wa phukusi, womwe uli ndi mapiritsi 60 m'matumba anayi, umasiyana malinga ndi dera la Russian Federation, momwe limagulitsidwa pamtunda kuchokera 380 mpaka 590 rubles.
Nthawi zambiri, odwala amasiya ndemanga za Glucofage yayitali 750 mg. Izi ndichifukwa choti mankhwalawa ndiwothandiza kwambiri panthawi ya matenda a shuga 2. Nthawi zambiri, ambiri achire kwambiri zotsatira, kuwunika ndi kuwunika kwa odwala, zimatheka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawo pakatikati pa matendawa. Nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwunika kuti kumwa mankhwala kumatha kuchepetsa thupi kwa odwala onenepa kwambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2.
Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito Glucophage kutalika kwa matenda a shuga, ndiye musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa, muyenera kufunsa dokotala ndikuwunika thupi. Kutengera zotsatira za mayeserowa, dotolo wokhazikika azindikira kuti ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Katswiri mu kanema munkhaniyi anena za mfundo za Glucophage action.
