Glycated hemoglobin, ndi chiyani komanso momwe mungachepetse?

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa hemoglobin ya glycated ndikofunikira kwa iwo omwe akuyesera kuti adziwe ngati ali ndi matenda monga matenda a shuga, ndipo ndizomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwake. Ngati anthu atakayikirabe pang'ono matenda, muyenera kufunsa dokotala, kuti mumupime mayeso a kolesterol komanso shuga m'magazi, mumaphunzirira za hemoglobin ya glycated.

Kodi ndi chiani ndipo chifukwa chiyani chinthuchi chimapangidwa? Glycated hemoglobin imapangidwa m'thupi la munthu chifukwa cha zochita za mankhwala a glucose. Izi zimapangidwa m'chigawo chofiira cha cell pomwe hemoglobin ndi shuga zimamangika, kuchokera komwe zimalowa m'magazi.

Mosiyana ndi kuyeserera kokhazikika kwa shuga, magazi atachotsedwa mu chala, kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose m'miyezi inayi yapitayo. Chifukwa cha izi, adotolo amatha kuzindikira chizindikiro, kudziwa kukana kwa insulini komanso kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga. Mukalandira zikwangwani zabwinobwino, palibe chifukwa chodandaulira.

Kudziwa hemoglobin wa glycated

Anthu ambiri odwala matenda ashuga amakonda kudziwa kuti hemoglobin ndi glycated, pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yopezeka ndi matenda ashuga komanso chifukwa chiyani kuyesa kawiri ndikofunikira?

Kuyesedwa kofananako kwa magazi kumachitika pamaziko a Helo labotale komanso m'malo ena ena azachipatala. Kuwunikaku ndikolondola komanso kopindulitsa, kumatha kuwonetsa momwe mankhwalawa alili othandizira, ndikuwonetsetsa kwa matendawo.

Odwala amatenga magazi a glycated hemoglobin pakakhala kukayikira komwe kumayambira kukula kwa prediabetes kapena matenda a shuga. Kutengera ndi zotsatira zake, adotolo amatha kudziwa matendawa kapena kutsimikizira kuti palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa.

1. Glycated kapena glycosylated hemoglobin amatchedwanso HbA1C, hemoglobin a1c. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Kuphatikiza kofananako kwa hemoglobin ndi glucose kumapangidwa chifukwa cha glycosylation yopanda enzymatic. Vutoli likaphatikizidwa, hemoglobin imakhala ndi tizigawo ta HbA1 pomwe 80% ndi HbA1c.
2. Kusanthula kumeneku kumachitika nthawi zinayi pachaka, izi zikuthandizani kuti muzitsatira kusintha kosintha kwa chizindikiro cha shuga. Magazi a HbA1C glycated hemoglobin ayenera kumwedwa m'mawa wopanda kanthu. Pamaso pa kukhetsa magazi, komanso mutayika magazi, kafukufukuyu amalimbikitsidwa kuti azichitika pakangotha ​​milungu iwiri.
3. Ndikofunikira kuchita mawunikidwe pamaziko a labotale imodzi, popeza zipatala zitha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana, chifukwa zotsatira zomwe zimapezeka zimasiyana. Kuyesedwa kwatsiku ndi tsiku kwa hemoglobin ndi shuga kuyenera kuchitidwa osati kokha ndi anthu odwala matenda ashuga, komanso ndi anthu athanzi, izi zimathandiza kupewetsa kuchuluka kwa glucose, kuchepetsa cholesterol yamagazi ndikuwona matendawa kumayambiriro.

Kuzindikira ndikofunikira kuzindikira matenda ashuga kapena kuwunika matenda. Chifukwa cha zomwe mwapeza, wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kumvetsetsa momwe mankhwalawo amagwiritsidwira ntchito, ngakhale munthuyo atakhala ndi zovuta.

Mankhwala amakono, mogwirizana ndi World Health Organisation, adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito izi pozindikira matenda kuyambira 2011.

Ubwino ndi zoyipa za phunziroli

Ngati mukuwongoleredwa ndi kuwunika koyenera, mutha kumvetsetsa Ubwino wa kusanthula koteroko. Poyerekeza ndi kupezeka kwa matenda a shuga, kuyezetsa magazi kwa HBA1C kuli ndi maubwino omveka. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amaloledwa kudya tsiku lotsatira, ndipo kafukufukuyu akhoza kuchitika nthawi iliyonse, mosasamala kanthu za kudya.

Chubu yoyeserera ndi magazi omwe adalandira amatha kusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali. Ngati kusala kwamisempha ya magazi kumasintha ndi nkhawa kapena matenda opatsirana, ndiye kuti hemoglobin imakhala ndi data yokhazikika ndipo siyisokonezeka. Pofuna kudziwa hemoglobin wa glycated, kukonzekera kwapadera sikofunikira.

Ngati Hb A1c glycated hemoglobin atakwezedwa, adokotala amatha kudziwa kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga kapena matenda a shuga koyambirira kwa matendawa, pomwe mayeso a shuga angawonetsetse kuchuluka kwa shuga.

Kuyesa magazi kwa shuga sikuwona nthawi zonse kumayambira kwamatenda, chifukwa chake mankhwalawa amachedwa kwambiri ndipo amakumana ndi zovuta zazikulu. Chifukwa chake, kuwunika kwa hemoglobin ya glycated, zotsatira zake zomwe zimawonetsedwa patebulo lapadera, ndizotsatira zamtundu wa 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 matenda a shuga. Komanso, kuphunzira kotereku kumakupatsani mwayi wowongolera othandizira.

• Zoyipa zakudziwikiratu zimaphatikizapo mtengo wapamwamba, mtengo wa ntchito zachipatala zotere ku chipatala cha Gemotest, Helix ndi mabungwe ofanana ndi ma ruble 500. Zotsatira za phunziroli zitha kupezeka m'masiku atatu, koma malo ena azachipatala amapereka idatha mu maola ochepa.
• Anthu ena amakhala ndi vuto lochepa pakati pa HbA1C komanso kuchuluka kwa shuga, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mtengo wa hemoglobin wa glycated nthawi zina umatha kupotozedwa. Kuphatikiza zotsatira zolakwika zolakwika zili mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi kapena hemoglobinopathy.
• Mbiri ya glycemic imatha kutsitsidwa ngati munthu tsiku lomwelo adatenga kuchuluka kwa vitamini C kapena E. Ndiye kuti hemoglobin imachepa ngati mupewa zakudya zoyenera musanayambe kuphunzira. Kusanthula kumawonetsa hemoglobin yokwanira, ngati chisonyezo cha mahomoni a chithokomiro m'thupi la shuga chikutsitsidwa, glucose amakhalabe wokhazikika.

Chowonongeka chapadera cha phunziroli ndikulephera kwa mautumiki m'malo ambiri azachipatala. Kuti muchite mayeso okwera mtengo, zida zapadera ndizofunikira, zomwe sizipezeka m'makliniki onse. Chifukwa chake, matendawo sapezeka kwa aliyense.

Kutukwana kwa zotsatira zakuzindikira

Mukamafufuza za zomwe mwapeza, ma endocrinologists a Helix Center ndi mabungwe ena azachipatala amagwiritsa ntchito tebulo la ma glycosylated hemoglobin. Zotsatira zakuzindikira zimatha kukhala zosiyanasiyana, kutengera zaka, kulemera ndi thupi la wodwalayo.

Ngati chizindikirocho chatsitsidwa ndipo ndi 5 1, 5 4-5 7 peresenti, kagayidwe kake mthupi kamakhala osakhudzika, matenda a shuga m'magazi sanadziwike ndipo palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa. Pamene glycated hemoglobin ndi 6 peresenti, izi zikuwonetsa kuti chiopsezo chotenga matendawa chikuwonjezeka. Ndikofunika kutsatira zakudya zapadera kuti muchepetse shuga.

Glycated hemoglobin wa 6.1-6,5 peresenti akuti munthu ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda amtundu 1 kapena matenda a shuga 2. Ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya zophatikiza kwambiri, idyani moyenera, onetsetsani zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo musaiwale zochepetsa shuga zolimbitsa thupi.

1. Ngati chizindikiro chowonetsa ndichoposa 6.5 peresenti, matenda a shuga amapezeka.
2. Kuti atsimikizire matendawa, amapita kukayezetsa magazi, kutsimikizira kumachitika ndi njira zachikhalidwe.
3. Pochepetsa kuchuluka komwe chipangizocho chikuonetsa, ndiye kuti mwina simungakhale ndi matenda.

Mwanjira ina, HbA1c yabwinobwino imaganiziridwa ngati ikuchokera 4-5 1 mpaka 5 9-6 peresenti. Ziwerengero zoterezi zimatha kukhala mwa wodwala aliyense, mosatengera zaka komanso jenda, ndiye kuti kwa munthu wazaka 10, 17 ndi 73, chizindikiro ichi chikhoza kukhala chomwecho.

Ngati manambala agwera kunja kwa mzerewu, munthuyo amaswa.

Hemoglobin wotsika komanso wapamwamba

Kodi index ya hemoglobin yotsika ikusonyeza chiyani ndipo mwina ndi chiyani chomwe chimayambitsa izi? Ngati mayesowo achitika ndipo chizindikirocho chikutsitsidwa, adokotala amatha kudziwa kukhalapo kwa hypoglycemia. Nthenda yofananira imachitika nthawi zambiri munthu akamakhala ndi chotupa cha kapamba, chifukwa cha izi, insulin imakhala ndi kuphatikizika.

Pakakhala kuchuluka kwa mahomoni m'magazi, kuchepa kwambiri kwa shuga kumachitika ndipo hypoglycemia imayamba. Wodwalayo amakhala ndi zizindikiro monga kufowoka, khungu, kuchepa mphamvu, chizungulire, kufupika, palpitations, kusiyanitsa kukoma ndi kununkhira, komanso pakamwa pouma.

Ndi kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa magwiridwe antchito, munthu akhoza kudwala komanso chizungulire, kukomoka kumachitika, chidwi chimalephera, munthu amatopa msanga, ndipo chitetezo chamthupi chimasokonekera.

Kuphatikiza pa kukhalapo kwa insulinomas, zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimatha kukhala zotsatirazi:

• Ngati munthu wodwala matenda ashuga popanda kumwa mankhwala akumwa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa shuga;
• Kwa nthawi yayitali, munthu amatsata zakudya zamafuta ochepa;
• Pambuyo pakuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa nthawi yayitali;
• Pankhani ya adrenal kusowa;
• Pamaso pa majini achilengedwe osowa, mwachitsanzo, kusalolera kubadwa kwa fructose, matenda a Forbes, matenda a Herce.

Choyamba, chithandizo chimakhala ndi kuwunikanso zakudya, ndikofunikira kuti mumadziwitse thupi ndi mavitamini ofunikira. Ndikofunikanso kuti nthawi zambiri muziyenda mumlengalenga ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Pambuyo pa mankhwalawa, muyenera kuyesedwanso kachiwiri kuti mutsimikizire kuti kagayidwe kazachilengedwe nkwabwinobwino.

Ngati mayesowo atawonetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu, izi zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Koma ngakhale ndi manambala otere, munthu samakhala ndi matenda ashuga ndi cholesterol yambiri.

1. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kagayidwe kosagwiritsa ntchito chakudya kagayidwe kake kazitha kugwirizananso ndi kulolerana kwa glucose, komanso kusokonezeka kwa glucose.
2. Matenda a shuga amakhalapo nthawi zambiri amapezeka ngati zotsatira za mayeso amodzi zimaposa 6.5 peresenti.
3. Dokotala amawulula prediabetes pomwe manambala ali pamtunda kuchokera pa 6.0 mpaka 6.5%.

Pambuyo pozindikira matendawa, wodwala matenda ashuga amayenera kuwonetsa mbiri ya glycemic, chifukwa, maola awiri aliwonse maola awiri, misempha ya shuga imayetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito electrochemical glucometer.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuyesa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol kumachitika. Pambuyo podziwitsa munthu za thupi, chithandizo choyenera chimadziwika.

Momwe mungayesere magazi

Amatha kutenga magazi kuti akafufuze kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin ya glycated m'chipatalacho pamalo omwe akukhalamo. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutengeranso mwayi kwa dokotala. Ngati matenda otere sanachitike kuchipatala chakumaloko, mutha kulumikizana ndi chipatala chapadera, mwachitsanzo, Helix, ndikuyezetsa magazi popanda kupereka.

Popeza zotsatira za phunzirolo zikuwonetsa shuga m'magazi m'miyezi itatu yapitayo, ndipo osati panthawi yanthawi yake, mutha kubwera ku labotale nthawi iliyonse, mosasamala kanthu za kudya. Komabe, madokotala amalimbikitsabe kutsatira malamulo achikhalidwe ndikupereka magazi pamimba yopanda kanthu kuti apewe zolakwika zosafunikira komanso kuwononga ndalama mosafunikira.

Kukonzekera kulikonse musanachitike phunziroli sikufunika, koma ndi bwino kusasuta kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi 30-90 musanapite kwa dokotala. Popeza mankhwala ena amatha kukhala ndi zotsatira za phunziroli, tsiku lisanafike osavomerezeka kuti atenge diuretic Indapamide, beta-blocker Propranolol, opioid analgesic Morphine.

• Magazi kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin yokhala ndi glycated nthawi zambiri amatengedwa kuchokera mu mtsempha, koma muzochita zamankhwala pamakhala luso pamene zinthu zachilengedwe zimapezeka kuchokera ku chala.
• Kuyesa kwa hemoglobin kwa glycated kumayenera kuchitika kamodzi kwa miyezi itatu. Atalandira zotsatira zake, matendawa amapezeka, pambuyo pake adokotala amafotokozera chithandizo chofunikira. Njira yodziwitsa za matenda oyamba ndiyofunika kwambiri kwa wodwalayo kuti akhale ndi thanzi labwino.

Chithandizo ndi kupewa

Asanatsikitse hemoglobin wa glycated, kuyesayesa kulikonse kuyenera kupangidwa kuti shuga asakhale ngati magazi. Kuti muchite izi, wodwala matenda ashuga ayenera kutsatira malangizo onse azachipatala, kudya moyenerera komanso kutsatira zakudya zina.

Ndikofunika kuti musaiwale za kudya kwakanthawi kwamankhwala komanso kuyang'anira insulin, kutsatira kugona ndi kukhala maso, maphunziro olimbitsa thupi. Kuphatikiza muyenera kudziwa mbiri yanu ya glycemic kuti mankhwalawa amachitika molondola.

Ma glucometer osunthika amagwiritsidwa ntchito pounikira magawo a glucose kunyumba. M'pofunikanso kukaonana ndi dokotala kuti muwone momwe masinthidwe akusinthira, kuyeza cholesterol ndikuwunika momwe mankhwalawa alili othandizira.

Mutha kuchepetsanso shuga pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala wowerengeka, omwe amalimbikitsidwa ndi madokotala ndikuwathandiza. Ichi ndi njira zochizira komanso zodzitetezera zomwe zimapangitsa munthu kukhala ndi vuto ndipo zitha kutsitsa magazi.

Kodi glycated hemoglobin auza katswiri mu kanemayu munkhaniyi.