Kasitomala ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri za endocrine m'thupi lathu, zomwe zimakhala ndi mbali zitatu - mutu, thupi ndi mchira. Imasunga mahomoni monga insulin, glucagon, somatostatin ndi pancreatic polypeptide. Awiri oyamba akukhudzidwa ndi kayendedwe ka kagayidwe kazachilengedwe.
Insulin imachepetsa shuga m'magazi, pomwe glucagon, m'malo mwake, imawonjezera. Chifukwa chake, pakalibe kapena insulin, matenda a shuga amakula. Ndizovuta izi, poyambirira, kuti kuchotsedwa kwa ndulu ndizowopsa.
Kuphatikiza pa mahomoni, kapamba amatulutsanso michere yam'mimba: alpha-amylase, yomwe imathandizira kuthana ndi mapuloteni, lipase, omwe amapukusa mafuta, ndi lactase, yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kuyamwa kwa shuga mkaka (lactose). Popanda iwo, chimbudzi chimachepa kwambiri, ndipo munthu samapeza michere yokwanira ndi mavitamini, makamaka osungunuka mafuta.
Somatostatin ndi mahomoni omasulira, kapena chowamasula, chomwe chimachepetsa mphamvu ya kukula kwa mahomoni m'thupi. Mu ana, amachepetsa mwachindunji kukula ndi kusasitsa kwa thupi, pomwe achikulire amalepheretsa kukula kwa acromegaly, matenda omwe ali ndi kukula kwamafupa komanso minofu yofewa mwa achikulire komanso anthu okhwima.
Chifukwa chiyani zikondazo zimatha kuchotsedwa?
M'matenda osiyanasiyana ndi matenda am'mimba, kapamba sangathe kugwira ntchito, chifukwa chake ayenera kuchotsedwa, pang'ono kapena kwathunthu.
Opaleshoni ndiyo njira yokhazikika kwambiri.
Njira zamankhwala zimapangidwira pokhapokha ngati mankhwalawa samapereka momwe akufunira.
Kuchotsa gland (kapena pancreatectomy) ndi ntchito yovuta, yomwe ingayambitse izi:
- mawonekedwe a cystic;
- kuvulala ziwalo;
- kutsekeka kwa zisa za ndulu ndi miyala (kawirikawiri - monga kuphatikiza cholecystitis)
- yotupa njira mu gland (pachimake kapena aakulu kapamba mu pachimake siteji;
- matenda a oncological (zotupa zoyipa);
- fistulas;
- pancreatic necrosis;
- kutulutsa magazi m'mitsempha;
- peritonitis;
- uchidakwa.
Choyambitsa chofala kwambiri chomwe chikutsogolera pancreatectomy ndi khansa. Zowopsa za Khansa:
- Kusuta
- Kudya mafuta ambiri komanso okazinga.
- Mowa
- Opaleshoni yam'mbuyo pamimba.
- Pancreatic necrosis;
Kuphatikiza apo, kukhalapo kwa chibadwa chamtsogolo kungayambitse khansa yapachifindi.
Kodi zikondamoyo zimayenda bwanji?
Mosakayikira, opareshoniyo ndi yovuta ndipo imafunikira chisamaliro chachikulu komanso chidziwitso cha opaleshoni. Popeza kuti gland ili kumbuyo kwa m'mimba, matumbo ochepa, ndi chiwindi, kulumikizana ndizovuta. Imachitika pogwiritsa ntchito laparoscopy.
Njirayi imakhazikitsidwa ndi chipinda chimodzi kapena zingapo zapadera m'matumbo a wodwalayo kudzera muzochitika zazing'ono kuti athe kudziwa bwino lomwe gulu lililonse (malinga ndi momwe limafotokozera, kapamba).
Pambuyo pa izi, mawonekedwe akulu amatha ndipo gawo lililonse la ndulu kapena zonse zimadulamo. Pazonse, kutalika kwa njirayi ndi pafupifupi maola 5.
Opaleshoniyo inali yovuta, chifukwa chake pamakhala chiopsezo cha zovuta za mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Nthawi yomweyo komanso atachitidwa opaleshoni, zotsatirazi zimatha kuchitika:
- magazi
- matenda pachilonda;
- chisokonezo cha seams;
- odwala ogona amatha kukhala ndi zilonda zowonjezera.
Vuto lalikulu kwambiri pambuyo pancreatic kuchotsa ndi mtundu 1 shuga. Amayamba chifukwa chakutha kwathunthu kwa kupanga insulin, i.e. kufooka kwathunthu kwa insulin. Mitundu yonse ya njira yogaya chakudya imasokonezedwanso chifukwa chosowa ma enzymes.
Mu nthawi yogwira ntchito, odwala amamva kufooka kwambiri, kuchepa thupi, mwina pamakhala kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ndi ziwiya zapafupi.
Mpaka pano, kudaliraku ndikabwino pa njira yoyenera yogwirira ntchito.
Kodi ndingakhale opanda kondomu?
Yankho la funsoli ndilomveka komanso losavuta: inde. Mankhwala amakono amathandizira kukhalabe ndi moyo popanda zikondamoyo za anthu omwe adachitidwa opareshoni pamwambapa, pamlingo wokwera kwambiri. Koma kuti thupi lizolowera moyo watsopano, malingaliro ena ayenera kutsatiridwa mosamalitsa.
Matenda a shuga akapezeka (ndipo amapezeka pafupifupi pafupifupi 100%), odwala amathandizidwa ndi insulin. Ndizofunikira chifukwa salinso ndi insulin. Mukakana izi, kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi kumakwera kwambiri, ndipo munthu amatha kufa mosavuta. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale ndi jakisoni wa mahomoni oyenera, shuga amayenera kuwunika pafupipafupi. Popita nthawi, mutha kuphunzira izi nokha pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer.
Popeza ndikofunikira kusunga chimbudzi, odwala amamuika mankhwala (Creon, Mezim, Pangrol) okhala ndi ma enzymes onse a pancreatic.
Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso mankhwala obwezeretsanso mahomoni ena, chakudya chokhwima chimayenera kutsatiridwa pambuyo pakuchita opareshoni. Zoletsedwa:
- Zonunkhira komanso zautsi.
- Amchere ndi osankhidwa.
- Zakudya zamafuta.
- Khofi ndi tiyi wamphamvu.
- Mkate wophika kumene.
- Mafuta okometsera amkaka kwambiri.
- Mbatata
- Zinthu kuchokera ku ufa.
- Zakudya zamafuta ochulukirapo.
- Mazira ambiri.
- Zakumwa zoledzeretsa.
- Mphepete ndi madzi okoma.
Chakudya chizikhala chopindika, chokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zatsopano zomwe zimakhala zamagulu pang'ono. Zakudya zimakhala zophika bwino, zopatsa kapena kuphika.
M'masiku oyamba pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya pancreatic, kumwa kokha kumalimbikitsidwa, ndi madzi akumwa okha osakhala ndi kaboni. Patatha masiku atatu, mutha kuyamba kudya zopukutira zakudya ngakhale kumwa tiyi, koma ziyenera kukhala zopanda mbiri.
Pambuyo pake, chakudyacho chimakulirakulira, ndipo odwala amaloledwa kudya sopo wowonda wopanda mafuta komanso mafinya omata. Kenako mutha kuyambitsa mkate wowuma wa tirigu, buluwheat ndi phala la mpunga.
Kenako mutha kuyesa nsomba zochepa (popanda njira yokazinga!), Masamba puree wokhala ndi madzi osasintha.
Chofunikira chazakudya pakatha nthawi yothandizira ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mchere ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, kuphatikizidwa kwa shuga mu mawonekedwe ake osadetseka.
Zotsatira za opareshoni
Pancreatectomy ndizovuta, zowopsa, koma zimachitika mdzina la kupulumutsa miyoyo. Ndipo kapamba ndizochepa mtengo kuti akhale ndi moyo. Inde, anthu ambiri zimawavuta kuzindikira.
Munthawi imeneyi ndi pomwe odwala amafunika kuthandizidwa ndi mabanja awo. Pokhala kuchipatala, amafunikira chisamaliro, chisamaliro, thandizo. Kufunsidwa kwa katswiri wama zamagetsi yemwe angafotokozere kuti moyo sutha padzakhala zothandiza kwambiri. Kupatula apo, awa ndi ena mwa magawo omwe mungasinthe ngati mungafune. Ndikofunikira kusunga chikhumbo cha wodwala kuti akhalebe ndi moyo, ngakhale atakumana ndi zovuta.
Popeza anthu onse omwe amachitidwa opaleshoni yokhala ndi matenda amtundu woyamba, amatha kukhala olumala chifukwa zovuta kapena kukulira kwa matendawa ndizotheka. Matenda a shuga ali ndi zovuta kuwonera (retinopathy), kuwonongeka kwa impso (nephropathy), komanso kukulira kwa mitsempha ya conduction (neuropathy). Zonsezi zimazindikira kuopsa kwa matendawa.
Kwa nthawi yayitali, odwala amatha kumva kupweteka kwambiri, ma painkillers amathandizira kuti athetse.
Zotsatira zomwe zimachitika mutachotsa kapamba, zimadalira kulondola kwakanthawi kolowera opaleshoni komanso ziyeneretso za dokotala yemwe akuchititsa izi.
Opaleshoni yamatenda akufotokozedwa mu kanema munkhaniyi.
