Chifukwa chiyani kudya zakudya zochepa zamafuta 1 ndi matenda ashuga a 2

M'nkhani ya lero, padzakhala chiphunzitso choyambirira. Kenako timayika chiphunzitsochi pofotokoza njira yabwino yochepetsera shuga m'magazi a 1 ndikuyimira matenda ashuga a 2. Simungangochepetsa shuga yanu kukhala yabwinobwino, komanso kukhalanso yokhazikika. Ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi moyo wautali komanso kupewa zovuta za matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti muvutike kuwerenga zolemba zakezo.

Timalimbikitsa kuwongolera matenda a shuga amtundu wa 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 wokhala ndi zakudya zamafuta ochepa, ndikuwonjezera ndi insulin yocheperapo ngati pakufunika. Izi zikutsutsana kwathunthu ndi njira zachikhalidwe zomwe zimagwiritsidwabe ntchito ndi madokotala.

Muphunzira:

• Idyani zakudya zamtundu wazakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zopatsa mphamvu, zomwe zimathandizadi ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba 1;
• Sungani shuga m'magazi anu mwachizolowezi, siyani kudumpha;
• Chepetsani mulingo wa insulin kapena musiye mtundu wa shuga wachiwiri;
• Nthawi zambiri amachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta za matenda a shuga;
• ... ndi zonsezi popanda mapiritsi ndi zakudya zowonjezera.

Simufunikiranso kutenga chikhulupiriro chamankhwala okhudzana ndi matenda a shuga omwe mungapeze m'nkhaniyi komanso ambiri patsamba lathu. Pimani shuga wanu wamagazi pafupipafupi ndi mita ya shuga m'magazi - ndipo muwone ngati malangizo athu akukuthandizani kapena ayi.

Kodi njira yowerengetsera kuwala ndiyotani?

Zochita zikuwonetsa zotsatirazi. Ngati mumadya chakudya chamagulu pang'ono, osaposa magalamu 6-12 panthawi imodzi, adzakulitsa shuga wamagazi a wodwala matenda a shuga ndi kuchuluka kolosera. Ngati mumadya zakudya zambiri nthawi imodzi, ndiye kuti magazi ake samangomuka, koma adzalumpha mosakonzekera. Mukaba jakisoni wa insulin yaying'ono, amachepetsa shuga m'magazi ndi zinthu zomwe zitha kunenedwa. Mlingo waukulu wa insulin, mosiyana ndi ang'onoang'ono, amachita mosayembekezereka. Mlingo waukulu womwewo wa insulin imodzi (zopitilira 7-8 majekeseni amodzi) azichita mosiyanasiyana nthawi iliyonse, pang'onopang'ono mpaka ± 40%. Chifukwa chake, Dr. Bernstein adapanga njira yodula matupi amtundu wa 1 komanso matenda a shuga 2 - kuti adye chakudya chochepa komanso opatsa mphamvu ndi insulin yaying'ono. Iyi ndiye njira yokhayo yokhazikitsira shuga wamagazi ndikulondola kwa ± 0,6 mmol / L. M'malo mwa chakudya, timadya mapuloteni opatsa thanzi komanso mafuta achilengedwe athanzi.

Njira zonyamula katundu zing'onozing'ono zimakuthandizani kuti muzikhala ndi shuga m'magazi 24 tsiku lililonse, monga momwe anthu athanzi labwino alibe shuga. Chofunikira kwambiri kuchitira izi ndikutsatira zakudya zamagulu ochepa. Popeza kulumpha kwa shuga m'magazi kumatha, odwala matenda ashuga mwachangu amatha msanga kutopa. Ndipo pakupita nthawi, zovuta zazikulu za matenda a shuga zimatha pang'onopang'ono. Tiyeni tiwone maziko oyambira momwe "njira zopepuka" zimamangidwira kuwongolera matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2 ndi mtundu wa 2. Mitundu yambiri yachilengedwe (yamoyo) ndi yama makina ili ndi gawo ili. Zimakhala zodziwikiratu m'mene kuchuluka kwa "zida zopangira" kuli kochepa. Koma ngati kuchuluka kwa magwero azinthu kuli kwakukulu, i.e., katundu pa dongosolo ndiwokwera, ndiye zotsatira za ntchito yake zimakhala zosakonzekera. Tilitchule kuti "lamulo loti lingachitike pazotsatira zochepa."

Choyamba tiyeni tilingalire za magalimoto monga chitsanzo cha njira iyi. Ngati magalimoto ochepa akuyenda nthawi yomweyo pamsewu, ndiye kuti onsewo adzafika komwe akupita munthawi yolosera. Chifukwa galimoto iliyonse imatha kuthamanga kwambiri, ndipo palibe amene amasokoneza. Kuthekera kwa ngozi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cholakwitsa madalaivala ndizochepa. Chimachitika ndi chiani ngati mutachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe amayenda munthawi yomweyo? Likukhalira kuti kuthekera kwa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ndi ngozi sizingowirikiza, koma kumachulukitsa, mwachitsanzo, kanayi. Zikatero, akuti zimachulukana kwambiri kapena zowonjezereka. Ngati chiwerengero cha omwe akuchita nawo gululi chikupitilira kuchuluka, ndiye kuti zizitha kuposa kuchuluka kwa anthu pamsewu. Panthawi imeneyi, kuyenda kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Kuthekera kwangozi ndizambiri, ndipo kupanikizika kwa magalimoto kumakhala kosapeweka.

Chizindikiro cha shuga m'magazi odwala matenda ashuga nawonso amachita chimodzimodzi. "Zinthu zoyambira" kwa iye ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya cham'mapuloteni komanso mapuloteni omwe amadyedwa, komanso mlingo wa insulin yomwe idayamba jekeseni posachedwa. Mapuloteni odya amawonjezera pang'onopang'ono komanso pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, timayang'ana kwambiri zamafuta. Ndi chakudya chamagulu omwe amawonjezera shuga m'magazi. Komanso, sikuti amangochulukitsa, koma zimayambitsa kudumphadumpha kwake. Komanso, kuchuluka kwa insulin kumadalira kuchuluka kwa chakudya. Mlingo wocheperako wama carbohydrate ndi insulin ndiwodziwikiratu, ndipo milingo yayikulu siyikudziwika. Kumbukirani kuti mafuta onenepa samachulukitsa magazi konse.

Kodi cholinga cha matenda ashuga ndi chiani?

Kodi chofunikira ndi chiani kwa wodwala matenda ashuga ngati akufuna kuwongolera matenda ake? Cholinga chachikulu cha iye ndikukwaniritsa kulosera kwadongosolo. Ndiye kuti, kuti mutha kuneneratu molondola kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, kutengera kuchuluka ndi zakudya zomwe mudadya komanso kuchuluka kwa insulin. Kumbukirani "lamulo loti lingachitike pazoyambira zochepa" zomwe takambirana pamwambapa. Mutha kukwaniritsa kulosera kwa shuga wamagazi mukamadya kokha ngati mutsatira zakudya zamafuta ochepa. Kuti muthandizire odwala matenda ashuga, tikulimbikitsidwa kupatula zakudya zamafuta ambiri (mndandanda wazakudya zoletsedwa), ndipo idyani zomwe zili ndi mapuloteni komanso mafuta achilengedwe (mndandanda wazakudya).

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani zakudya zamagulu ochepa zimapatsa shuga? Chifukwa choti zakudya zochepa zomwe mumadya, shuga wamagazi ochepa amakwera ndipo insulin yochepa imafunikira. Ngati insulin ingachepetse kwambiri, ndizodziwikiratu, ndipo chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia chimacheperanso. Ili ndi lingaliro lokongola, koma kodi limagwira ntchito? Yesani ndi kudzipeza nokha. Ingowerenga nkhaniyi kaye, kenako nkumachita :). Pangani kuyeza magazi anu ndi glucometer. Choyamba onetsetsani kuti mita yanu ndi yolondola (momwe mungachitire izi). Iyi ndiye njira yokhayo yodziwira ngati chithandizo cha matenda a shuga chikugwira ntchito.

American Diabetes Association, ndipo pambuyo pathu Unduna wa Zaumoyo wobadwira, ikupitiliza kulimbikitsa zakudya “zoyenera” zamagulu 1 ndi matenda ashuga a 2. Izi zikutanthauza chakudya chomwe wodwala amamwa pafupifupi magalamu 84 a chakudya nthawi iliyonse, i.e. zoposa 250 g zamankhwala tsiku lililonse. Webusayiti ya Diabetes-Med.Com imalimbikitsa mtundu wina wa zakudya zamafuta ochepa, osaposa 20-30 magalamu a chakudya tsiku. Chifukwa kudya "moyenera" sikothandiza ndipo sikulakwa kwambiri m'matenda a shuga. Potsatira chakudya chamafuta ochepa, mutha kukhala ndi shuga m'magazi musanadye kwambiri kuposa 6.0 mmol / L kapenanso osaposa 5.3 mmol / L, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi anthu athanzi.

Momwe michere imayambitsa kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi

85 magalamu a chakudya ndi za kuchuluka zomwe zimapezeka mu mbale ya pasitala yophika wamba. Tiyerekeze kuti mukuwerenga zambiri zokhudzana ndi zakudya zamafuta a pasitala. Ndikosavuta kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa pasta wouma yemwe muyenera kuyeza ndi kuphika kuti mudye 88 magalamu a chakudya. Makamaka ngati muli ndi muyeso wa kukhitchini. Tiyerekeze kuti muli ndi matenda a shuga 1, mumalemera pafupifupi 65 kg, ndipo thupi lanu silipanga insulini yokha. Pankhaniyi, zikuwoneka kuti 1 gramu yamatumbo imakweza shuga m'magazi anu ndi 0.28 mmol / L, ndi magalamu 84 a chakudya - motero, mwa 23.3 mmol / L.

Mwachidziwitso, mutha kuwerengera moyenera kuchuluka kwa insulini yomwe mungafunikire kuti mufatse "kuzimitsa" mbale ya pasitala ndi magalamu 84 a chakudya omwe muli. Mwakuchita izi, kuwerengera kotere kwa zakudya zamafuta ochulukirapo kumagwira ntchito molakwika. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa miyezo imaloleza kupatuka kwazomwe zimapezeka muzinthu ± 20% yazomwe zimalembedwa pamaphukusi. Choyipa chachikulu ndikuchita, kupatuka uku nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwakukulu. 20% ya 84 magalamu ndi chiani? Awa ndi pafupifupi magalamu 17 amafuta omwe amatha kukweza shuga m'magazi a "pafupifupi" mtundu 1 wa shuga wodwala ndi 4.76 mmol / L.

Kupatuka kotheka kwa ± 4.76 mmol / L kumatanthauza kuti mutatha kudya mbale yotsekera ndi "kubweza" ndi insulini, shuga yanu yamagazi imatha kukhala kuchokera kulikonse kuchokera ku hypoglycemia yayikulu kwambiri. Izi ndizosavomerezeka mwamagulu ngati mukufuna kuwongolera matenda anu a shuga. Kuwerengera pamwambapa ndikumakulimbikitsani kuyesa zakudya zamafuta ochepa a shuga. Ngati izi sizokwanira, werengani. Tionanso momwe kusiyanasiyana kwa zakudya zomwe zimakhudzana ndi zakudya zomwe zimadutsa komanso kusadziwika kwa kuchuluka kwa insulin.

Werengani zokhudzana ndi zovuta zamafuta ndi insulin pa shuga m'magazi zomwe zalembedwa:

Zakudya zamagulu m'zakudya za wodwala matenda a shuga a 2

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone chitsanzo china chomwe chili pafupi kwambiri ndi momwe ambiri owerenga nkhaniyi. Tiyerekeze kuti muli ndi matenda a shuga a 2 ndipo onenepa kwambiri. Zikondwerero zanu zimapitilizabe kupanga insulini, ngakhale sikokwanira kuti muchepetse shuga la magazi mukatha kudya. Mwawona kuti gramu imodzi ya chakudya chamafuta imawonjezera shuga m'magazi anu ndi 0.17 mmol / L. Kwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1, kupatuka kwa shuga pambuyo pakudya kwa pasitala kudzakhala ± 4.76 mmol / L, ndipo kwa inu ± 2.89 mmol / L. Tiyeni tiwone tanthauzo la izi.

Mwa munthu wochepa thupi wathanzi, shuga m'magazi atatha kudya sapitirira 5.3 mmol / L. Chithandizo chathu chotsatira chimakhulupirira kuti shuga imayang'aniridwa bwino ngati shuga atatha kudya sapitirira 7.5 mmol / L. Yang'anani shuga yanu yamagazi. Ndizachidziwikire kuti 7.5 mmol / L ndi pafupifupi 1.5 nthawi zambiri kuposa momwe munthu wathanzi amakhalira. Pazidziwitso zanu, zovuta za matenda ashuga zimayamba msanga ngati shuga m'magazi atatha kudya kupitirira 6.5 mmol / L.

Ngati shuga m'magazi atatha kudya limakwera kufika pa 6.0 mmol / L, ndiye kuti izi sizikuwopseza khungu kapena kuduladula mwendo, koma atherosclerosis imapita patsogolo mwanjira iliyonse, ndiye kuti, machitidwe a vuto la mtima ndi sitiroko amapangidwa. Chifukwa chake, chiwongolero chobadwa nacho cha shuga chitha kuganiziridwa ngati shuga ya m'magazi itatha kudya imakhala yotsika kuposa 6.0 mmol / l, komanso bwino - osapitirira 5.3 mmol / l, monga mwa anthu athanzi. Ndipo miyezo yovomerezeka ya shuga yam'mwazi ndiwokwera kwambiri kutsimikizira kusagwira ntchito kwa madokotala komanso ulesi wa odwala kuti azichita okha.

Ngati muwerengera kuchuluka kwa insulini kuti shuga m'magazi mutatha kudya ndi 7.5 mmol / L, ndiye kuti muvuto lalikulu kwambiri mumapeza 7.5 mmol / L - 2.89 mmol / L = 4.61 mmol / L Ndiye kuti, hypoglycemia sikukuwopsezeni. Koma takambirana pamwambapa kuti izi sizingaganizidwe kuti ndi njira yoyenera yosungira matenda ashuga, ndipo pakatha zaka zochepa muyenera kudziwa zovuta zake. Ngati mutaba jakisoni wambiri, poyesa kutsitsa shuga mpaka 6,0 mmol / l, ndiye kuti pali vuto lalikulu kwambiri, shuga wanu wamagazi adzakhala 3.11 mmol / l, ndipo iyi ndi hypoglycemia kale. Kapena, ngati kupatuka kwadzuka, ndiye kuti shuga yanu ikhale yopanda malire ovomerezeka.

Wodwala akangosintha zakudya zamagulu ochepa kuti azitha kuchepetsa matenda ashuga, ndiye kuti zonse zimasintha nthawi yomweyo. Kusunga shuga wamagazi mukatha kudya pansipa 6.0 mmol / L ndikosavuta. Kuchepetsa mpaka 5.3 mmol / L kumathandizidwanso ngati mugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zochepa zopatsa mphamvu ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mosangalala kuti muthane ndi matenda a shuga a 2. Pazovuta zovuta za matenda a shuga a 2, timawonjezera mapiritsi a Siofor kapena Glucofage, komanso jakisoni wa Mlingo wochepa wa insulin, pakudya ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Zakudya Zochepa Zopatsa Thupi za Type 1 ndi Matenda Awiri A shuga

Chifukwa chiyani zakudya zamagulu ochepa zimapatsa mphamvu kuthana ndi matenda a shuga:

• Pazakudya izi, odwala matenda ashuga amadya zakudya zochepa, chifukwa chake mthupi shuga sitha kukwera kwambiri.
• Mapuloteni azakudya amathandizanso shuga m'magazi, koma amawachita pang'onopang'ono komanso mosadukiza, ndipo amasavuta "kuzimitsa" ndi milingo yaying'ono ya insulin.
• Mwazi wamagazi umachita zinthu zodziwikiratu.
• Mlingo wa insulin umadalira kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe mumakonzekera kudya. Chifukwa chake, pazakudya zochepa zama carbohydrate, kufunika kwa insulin kumachepetsedwa.
• Pamene Mlingo wa insulin utachepa, chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia chimacheperanso.

Zakudya zamafuta ochepa zimachepetsa kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi kuchokera pa chandamale cha odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 kuchokera ku ± 4.76 mmol / L, omwe takambirana pamwambapa, mpaka ± 0.6-1.2 mmol / L. Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 omwe akupitiliza kupanga insulin yawoyokha, kupatuka kumeneku ndikocheperako.

Bwanji osangochepetsa gawo kuchokera pa mbale imodzi ya pasitala kupita ku mbale 0,5 za pasitala yemweyo? Izi ndi zoyipa, pazifukwa izi:

• Zakudya zamafuta ambiri zimapangitsa shuga m'magazi, ngakhale atadyedwa mosavomerezeka.
• Mudzakhala ndi kumva njala kosalekeza, chifukwa chomwe posachedwa mumatha. Palibe chifukwa chodzizunzira nokha ndi njala, mutha kubwezeretsa shuga m'magazi popanda izi.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi pang'ono ndizophatikiza nyama ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Onani mndandanda wazinthu zololedwa. Zakudya zomanga thupi zimachulukitsa shuga wamagazi mwamphamvu komanso mwachangu, chifukwa chake timayesetsa kuti tisamadye. M'malo mwake, timazidya pang'ono, zamtundu wathanzi komanso zokoma. Mapuloteni amawonjezeranso magazi, koma pang'ono ndi pang'ono. Kukula kwa shuga komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zamapuloteni ndikosavuta kulosera komanso kuzimitsa molondola ndi milingo yaying'ono ya insulin. Zakudya zamapuloteni zimasiya kumva kosangalatsa kwa nthawi yayitali, makamaka kwa anthu odwala matenda ashuga a 2.

Mwachidziwitso, wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kudya chilichonse ngati ayesa zakudya zonse ndi kakhitchini mpaka galamu yapafupi, kenako ndikuwerengera kuchuluka kwa insulini pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zalembedwa m'matebulo. Pochita izi, njira imeneyi sigwira ntchito. Chifukwa muma tebulo ndi pakukhazikitsa pazinthu zimangokhala zidziwitso zokha. Zowonadi, chakudya chamagulu ochulukirapo mu zakudya chimatha kukhala chosiyana kwambiri ndi muyezo. Chifukwa chake, nthawi iliyonse mukangoganiza zomwe mukudya, komanso momwe izi zingakhudzire shuga lanu lamagazi.

Zakudya zamagulu ochepa zama shuga ndi njira yeniyeni yopulumutsira. Ndizosangalatsa komanso zokoma, koma ziyenera kuwonedwa mosamala. Mulole zikhale chipembedzo chanu chatsopano. Zakudya zamafuta ochepa zimakupatsani mphamvu yodzaza komanso shuga wabwinobwino. Mlingo wa insulin umachepetsedwa, potero kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha hypoglycemia.

Mlingo wocheperako komanso waukulu wa insulin amagwira ntchito

Ndikufuna kuganiza kuti mlingo womwewo wa insulin nthawi iliyonse umatsitsa shuga. Tsoka ilo, sizili choncho pochita. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe "akudziwa" amadziwa bwino kuti mlingo womwewo wa insulini m'masiku osiyanasiyana uzichita mosiyana. Chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika:

• Pamasiku osiyana, thupi limakhala ndi chidwi chosiyanasiyana ndi zomwe zimapangitsa insulini. Mu nyengo yofunda, izi zimakonda kuwonjezeka, ndipo nyengo yozizira, m'malo mwake, imachepa.
• Sikuti insulini yonse yomwe imalowa m'magazi. Nthawi iliyonse mtundu wina wa insulin umalowa.

Insulin yolowetsedwa ndi syringe, kapena ngakhale ndi pampu ya insulin, sigwira ntchito ngati insulin, yomwe nthawi zambiri imapanga kapamba. Insulin ya anthu mu gawo loyambirira la mayankho a insulin nthawi yomweyo imalowa m'magazi ndipo nthawi yomweyo imayamba kutsika shuga. Mu matenda a shuga, jakisoni wa insulin nthawi zambiri amachitika mu mafuta osunthika. Odwala ena omwe amakonda chiopsezo komanso kusangalala, amapanga jakisoni wa intramuscular (musachite izi!). Mulimonsemo, palibe amene amavulala ndi insulin kudzera m'mitsempha.

Zotsatira zake, ngakhale insulin yothamanga kwambiri imayamba kugwira ntchito pambuyo pa mphindi 20. Ndipo mphamvu zake zonse zimawonekera mkati mwa maola 1-2. Izi zisanachitike, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kumakhalabe kokwezeka kwambiri.Mutha kutsimikizira izi mosavuta mwakuyeza shuga m'magazi anu pakatha mphindi 15 mutatha kudya. Izi zimawononga mitsempha, mitsempha yamagazi, maso, impso, ndi zina. Matenda a shuga amakula, ngakhale zolinga zabwino za dotolo ndi wodwala.

Tiyerekeze kuti wodwala matenda a shuga amadzipweteka yekha ndi insulin. Zotsatira zake, chinthu chinaonekera m'matumbo ochepera, omwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimawona ngati chakunja ndikuyamba kuukira. Chitetezo cha mthupi nthawi zonse chimawononga inshuwaransi kuchokera ku jakisoni isanakwane nthawi yolowa m'magazi. Ndi gawo liti la insulini lomwe silingagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndipo lomwe lingachite, limadalira zinthu zingapo.

Mokulira kuchuluka kwa insulin, komwe kumayambitsa mkwiyo kwambiri komanso kutupa. Tikatupa kwambiri, maselo "a" a "sendinel" amatenga gawo la jakisoni. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kuchuluka kwa insulin kovutirapo, sikungachitike. Komanso kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kwa insulini kumatengera kuzama ndi komwe jakisoni.

Zaka zingapo zapitazo, ofufuza ku University of Minnesota (USA) adakhazikitsa izi. Ngati mumasowetsa insulini ya 20 U m'mapewa, ndiye kuti pamasiku osiyanasiyana zochita zake zimasiyana ndi ± 39%. Kupatuka uku kumawonekera pazinthu zosinthika zamagulu azakudya mu chakudya. Zotsatira zake, odwala matenda ashuga amakumana ndi "masautso" akulu m'magazi. Kuti musunge shuga wabwinobwino, sinthani zakudya zamafuta ochepa. Zakudya zamafuta zochepa zomwe mumadya, insulin yochepa imafunikira. Potsitsa muyeso wa insulin, ndizomwe zimatha kudziwikiratu. Chilichonse ndichosavuta, chotsika mtengo komanso chothandiza.

Ofufuzawo omwewo kuchokera ku Minnesota adapeza kuti ngati mutabaya insulin m'mimba, ndiye kuti kupatuka kumachepa mpaka ± 29%. Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufukuyu, adalimbikitsa kuti odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga asinthane ndi jakisoni wam'mimba. Timapereka chida chothandiza kwambiri kuthana ndi shuga komanso kuthana ndi “kudumpha” kwake. Uku ndi chakudya chamafuta ochepa omwe amakupatsani mwayi kuti muchepetse mulingo wa insulin motero zimapangitsa kuti zotsatira zake zizikhala zokhazikika. Ndipo chinyengo china, chomwe chafotokozedwa m'gawo lotsatira.

Tiyerekeze kuti wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amalowa m'magawo 20 a insulin m'mimba mwake. Pa munthu wamkulu wolemera makilogalamu 72, pafupifupi 1 PIECE ya insulin amachepetsa shuga la magazi ndi 2.2 mmol / L. Kupatuka pakuchitika kwa insulin 29% kumatanthawuza kuti mtengo wa shuga wamagazi udzasokonekera ndi ± 12.76 mmol / L. Izi ndi zowopsa. Popewa kwambiri hypoglycemia ndi kusazindikira, odwala matenda a shuga omwe amalandira Mlingo waukulu wa insulin amakakamizidwa kukhala ndi shuga yayikulu nthawi zonse. Kuti achite izi, nthawi zambiri amamwa zakudya zovulaza zopatsa mphamvu. Adzakhala ndi kulumala koyambirira chifukwa cha zovuta za shuga. Zoyenera kuchita? Kodi kusintha izi? Choyamba, sinthani kuchokera kuzakudya zopatsa thanzi ndikuyamba kudya pang'ono. Onaninso momwe insulin yanu imachepera komanso momwe shuga yanu iliri pafupi kwambiri ndi gawo lanu.

Momwe mungapangire jakisoni wamkulu wa insulin

Odwala ambiri a shuga, ngakhale atadya zakudya zamagulu ochepa, amayenerabe kubayidwa Mlingo waukulu wa insulin. Poterepa, gawani muyeso waukulu wa insulini mu ma jakisoni angapo, omwe amachitirana mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi. Pindani jakisoni aliyense osaposa 7 PIERESES ya insulin, komanso bwino - osapitilira 6 PISCES. Chifukwa cha izi, pafupifupi insulin yonse imamwa. Tsopano zilibe kanthu komwe ungayimenye - paphewa, ntchafu kapena m'mimba. Mutha kupanga majekeseni angapo limodzi ndi syringe yomweyo, osakonzanso insulini kuchokera ku vial, kuti musawononge. Werengani momwe mungapangire insulin kuwombera mopweteka. Pochepetsa mlingo wa insulin imodzi jakisoni, zimagwira ntchito kwambiri.

Ganizirani chitsanzo chothandiza. Pali wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri, motero, ndi insulin yolimba. Anayamba kudya zakudya zamafuta ochepa, koma amafunikabe insulin 27 “yotalikitsidwa” usiku wonse. Pofuna kukopa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pofuna kuwonjezera chidwi cha minofu ya insulin, wodwalayo sanadziperekebe. Amagawa zigawo 27 za insulin m'matumba 4 omwe amapangira jakisoni mbali zingapo za thupi ndi syringe yomweyo. Zotsatira zake, zochita za insulin tsopano zitha kudziwikiratu.

Yochepa komanso ya ultrashort insulin musanadye

Gawoli limangoperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mtundu woyamba wa 2 ndi shuga wachiwiri omwe amalandiridwa jakisoni wa insulin asanadye. Kuwonjezeka kwa shuga wamagazi mukatha kudya "kuzimitsidwa" ndi jakisoni waifupi kapena wa ultrashort insulin. Zakudya zamagulu amthupi zimayambitsa pompopompo - makamaka, pompopompo (!) - kudumpha m'magazi a magazi. Mwa anthu athanzi, satenga mbali ndi gawo loyamba la insulin katemera poyankha chakudya. Izi zimachitika mkati mwa mphindi 3-5. Koma ndi mtundu uliwonse wa matenda ashuga, gawo loyamba la insulin katulutsidwe limaphwanyidwa choyambirira.

Sipangokhala fungo la insulin kapena lalifupi chabe lomwe limayamba kuchita zinthu mwachangu kwambiri kuti likonzenso gawo loyamba la insulin. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kusakhala kutali ndi zakudya zamafuta ambiri. M'malo awo ndi mapuloteni omwe amawonjezera shuga m'magazi pang'ono komanso bwino. Pazakudya zamafuta ochepa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musagwiritse ntchito mwachidule, koma insulin yochepa, ndikubaya jakisoni mphindi 40-45 musanadye. Kenako tiona mwatsatanetsatane chifukwa chake njira iyi ndiyabwino kwambiri.

Odwala odwala matenda ashuga omwe amadya chakudya chamagulu ochepa a calcium amafunika Mlingo wambiri wa insulin musanadye kwambiri kuposa omwe amadya zakudya zabwino. Mlingo waukulu wa insulin umayamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu, ndipo zotsatira zake zimatenga nthawi yayitali. Zimakhalanso zovuta kudziwa kuti mphamvu ya insulin yayitali ingathe liti. Mlingo wochepa wa insulin yochepa umayamba kuchita pambuyo pake, ndiye muyenera kudikirira nthawi yayitali musanayambe chakudyacho. Koma mudzakhala ndi shuga wabwinobwino mukatha kudya.

Pochita izi, izi zikutanthauza izi:

• Pokhala ndi zakudya zamagulu owonjezera chakudya chamagulu, ma insulin a "ultrashort" amatumizidwa pamiyeso yayikulu musanadye, ndipo amayamba kuchita pakatha mphindi 5 mpaka 15. Ndi zakudya zamafuta ochepa, zomwe zimapangidwanso mumphindi yaying'ono zimayamba kuchita pang'ono - pambuyo pa mphindi 10-20.
• Ndi zakudya zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri, ma insulin "achidule" amafunikira musanadye mumiyeso yayikulu ndiye chifukwa chake mumayamba pambuyo mphindi 20-30. Pokhala ndi chakudya chamafuta ochepa, ayenera kudulidwedwa m'malo ochepa 40-45 mphindi musanadye, chifukwa amayamba kuchita pambuyo pake.

Kwa mawerengeredwe, timaganiza kuti zochita za jakisoni wa ultrashort kapena insulin yochepa imatha pambuyo pa maola 5. M'malo mwake, mawonekedwe ake amatha mpaka maola 6-8. Koma m'maola omaliza ndizosakwanira kwambiri kotero kuti amatha kunyalanyazidwa.

Chimachitika ndi chiani kwa odwala matenda a shuga 1 kapena 2 omwe amadya zakudya zoyenera? Zakudya zamafuta zimapangitsa kuti iwo azikwera nthawi yomweyo m'magazi, omwe amapitilira mpaka yochepa kapena ultrashort insulin ayambe kuchita. Nthawi ya shuga yayitali imatha kukhala mphindi 15-90, ngati mugwiritsa ntchito insulin mwachangu. Kuchita kwawonetsa kuti izi ndizokwanira kuphatikizira kwa matenda ashuga m'maso, m'miyendo, impso, ndi zina.

Munthu wodwala matenda ashuga amatha kudikirira mpaka atayamba kudya “moyenera” mpaka atayamba kulowererapo. Tikukumbukira kuti adalowetsa insulin yayikulu kuti athetse gawo lolimba la chakudya. Ngati wasowa pang'ono ndikuyamba kudya mphindi zochepa pambuyo pake, ndiye kuti atha kukhala ndi hypoglycemia yayikulu. Chifukwa chake zimachitika nthawi zambiri, ndipo wodwalayo mwamantha amameza maswiti mwachangu kuti akweze magazi ake osafunikira kuti asakomoke.

Gawo loyamba mwachangu la insulin katulutsidwe ka chakudya limalephera mitundu yonse ya shuga. Ngakhale insulin yofulumira kwambiri imayamba kuchita zinthu mochedwa kwambiri kuti iibwezenso. Chifukwa chake, ndizomveka kudya zopangidwa ndi mapuloteni zomwe zimapangitsa shuga m'magazi pang'onopang'ono komanso bwino. Pazakudya zamafuta ochepa musanadye, insulin yochepa ndiyabwino kuposa yochepa kwambiri. Chifukwa nthawi ya zochita zake imagwirizana bwino ndi nthawi yomwe mapuloteni azakudya amawonjezera shuga m'magazi kuposa nthawi ya ultrashort insulin.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito pochita zinthu zazing'ono

Kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyi, tidapanga "Lamulo loti liziwonetseratu zomwe zidzachitike pazinthu zochepa." Talingalirani za momwe angagwiritsire ntchito kuthana ndi shuga m'magazi 1 ndi matenda 2 a shuga. Popewa kuphuka kwa shuga, muyenera kudya chakudya chochepa kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti apange katundu pang'ono pa kapamba. Idyani chakudya chochepa pang'onopang'ono. Amapezeka m'masamba ndi mtedza kuchokera mndandanda wazakudya zovomerezeka. Ndipo khalani kutali kwambiri ndi zakudya zamagalimoto othamanga kwambiri (mndandanda wazakudya zoletsedwa). Tsoka ilo, ngakhale mafuta "osakwiya", ngati adya kwambiri, amatha kuwonjezera shuga m'magazi.

Upangiri wochepetsa kuchepetsa kudya kwa anthu omwe amadwala matenda ashuga: osaposanso magalamu 6 a chakudya chochepa kwambiri cha chakudya cham'mawa, osaposa magalamu 12 a nkhomaliro, ndi magalamu 6-12 a chakudya chamadzulo. Onjezani mapuloteni ambiri kuti mumve zonse, koma osadya kwambiri. Zakudya zomanga thupi zovomerezeka kwa odwala matenda ashuga zimapezeka m'masamba ndi mtedza, zomwe zili m'ndandanda wazakudya zololedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale zakudya za chakudya izi ziyenera kudyedwa pang'ono. Nkhani yakuti "Chakudya Chopatsa Thupi cha Anthu Ashuga: Njira Zoyambirira" ikufotokozera momwe angapangire chakudya ndikupanga mndandanda wazomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga.

Ngati mumayendetsa mosamala kudya zakudya zamagulu ochulukitsa, monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, ndiye kuti shuga yanu yamafuta mukatha kudya imakwera pang'ono. Mwina sangakulire konse. Koma ngati mutachulukitsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta, ndiye kuti shuga mumagazi sidzadumphira kawiri, koma mwamphamvu. Ndipo shuga wambiri amachititsa kuti azikhala ndi shuga woipa kwambiri.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 omwe akufuna kuwongolera matenda awo a shuga ayenera kukhala ndi mizere ya glucose mita yoyesa. Chitani izi kangapo. Muyerekeze shuga lanu la chakudya mukamadya kwa mphindi 5. Tsatirani momwe amakhalira ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kenako yang'anani momwe kuthamanga komanso kuchuluka kwa insulini kumatsitsira. Popita nthawi, muphunzira kuwerengera moyenera kuchuluka kwa zakudya zamafuta ochepa komanso chakudya chochepa cha insulini kuti "kudumphira" m'magazi a shuga kuyime. Cholinga chachikulu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mutadya shuga wamagazi simaposa 6.0 mmol / L, kapena kuposa pamenepo, 5.3 mmol / L, monga mwa anthu athanzi.

Kwa odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2, kusinthana ndi chakudya chamafuta ochepa kumatha kupereka ma jakisoni a insulin musanadye komanso kukhalabe ndi shuga. Anthu otere amatha kuyamikiridwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti adadzisamalira pakapita nthawi, ndipo gawo lachiwiri la insulin secretion linali lisanathe. Sitilonjeza munthu pasadakhale kuti zakudya zamafuta ochepa zimakupatsani mwayi wolumpha kuchokera ku insulin. Koma zowonadi zake zimachepetsa kufunika kwanu kwa insulini, ndikuwongolera kwanu shuga.

Chifukwa chiyani simungadye kwambiri ngakhale ndi zinthu zovomerezeka

Ngati mwadya masamba ambiri komanso / kapena mtedza kuti mwatambasulira makhoma anu, ndiye kuti shuga yanu imakwera mwachangu, monga zakudya zochepa zoletsedwa zamatumbo ambiri. Vutoli limatchedwa "zotsatira za malo odyera achi China," ndipo kukumbukira ndizofunikira kwambiri. Onani nkhani yakuti “Chifukwa Chomwe Amayendedwe Ati S shuga Akhoza Kupitilira Pazakudya Zapansi, ndi Momwe Mungakonzekere.” Kudya kwambiri ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 komanso mtundu wa 2 sikungatheke. Popewa kudya kwambiri, ndi mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga ndikofunikira kudya osadya kangapo katatu patsiku, koma kanayi pang'ono. Malangizowa akukhudzanso odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2 omwe samathandizidwa ndi insulin yochepa kapena yochepa kwambiri.

Kudwala kwambiri komanso / kapena kususuka ndi mawonekedwe a odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a 2. Zinthu zamapuloteni zimapatsa mphamvu nthawi yayitali ndipo zimachepetsa kuuma kwa vutoli. Koma nthawi zambiri izi sizokwanira. Pezani zosangalatsa zina m'moyo zomwe zingalole m'malo mwa kudya kwambiri. Khalani ndi chizolowezi chochokera pagome panjala. Onaninso nkhani yakuti "Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwala a shuga kuti muchepetse kulakalaka kwanu." Mwina chifukwa cha izi ndizotheka kusiya kwathunthu insulin. Koma sitilonjeza izi kwa aliyense patsogolo. Ndikofunika kubaya insulini kuposa kuchiza matenda amisempha m'maso, impso, kapena miyendo.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kudya m'magawo ang'onoang'ono nthawi zambiri kumakupatsani mwayi wowongolera shuga wamagazi ndi gawo lachiwiri la insulin, yomwe imakhalabe yolimba. Zingakhale bwino ngati mungasinthe ku chakudya chamtunduwu, ngakhale zovuta zomwe zimabweretsa. Nthawi yomweyo, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 ndi mtundu wa 2 omwe amaba jakisoni nthawi iliyonse asanadye ayenera kudya katatu katatu patsiku. Kukhazikika pakati pa chakudya sikwabwino kwa iwo.

Mapeto

Nkhaniyi idakhala yayitali, koma, mwachiyembekezo, ndi yothandiza kwa inu. Tiyeni tiwunike mawu omaliza:

• Zakudya zamafuta zochepa zomwe mumadya, shuga yochepa ya magazi imakwera ndipo insulin yochepa imafunikira.
• Ngati mumangodya chakudya chamagulu ochepa, ndiye kuti mutha kuwerengera bwino momwe shuga azikhalira mukatha kudya komanso kuchuluka kwa insulini. Izi sizingachitike pothandizidwa ndi chakudya chamagulu ambiri.
• Mukapaka insulin pang'ono, mumatha kudziwa zambiri, ndipo ngozi ya hypoglycemia imacheperanso.
• Chakudya chamafuta ochepa a shuga sichitha magalamu 6 a chakudya cham'mawa, osaposa magalamu 12 a chakudya chamadzulo ndi magalamu 6-12 a chakudya chamadzulo. Kuphatikiza apo, chakudya chamaguluchi chimatha kudya chokhacho chomwe chimapezeka m'masamba ndi mtedza kuchokera pamndandanda wazakudya zomwe ziloledwa.
• Kuwongolera odwala matenda ashuga okhala ndi chakudya chamagulu ochepa sikutanthauza kuti muyenera kudzipha nokha. Idyani mapuloteni ambiri komanso mafuta abwinobwino achilengedwe kuti mumve zonse, koma osadya kwambiri. Onani nkhani "Kudya Mopatsa Thupi Wopatsa Matenda A shuga: Njira Zoyambirira" kuti muphunzire momwe mungapangire menyu osangalatsa omwe ali ndi michere, mavitamini, michere, ndi zinthu zina ...
• Kudwala magazi ndizosatheka. Werengani momwe zakudya zachi China zikuthandizira komanso momwe mungapewere.
• Osaba jakisoni wopitilira 6-7 a insulin jekeseni imodzi. Gawani mulingo waukulu wa insulini mu majekeseni angapo, omwe muyenera kuchita chimodzi mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi.
• Kwa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 2, ngati simumayamwa insulin musanadye, yesani kudya zakudya zazing'ono kangapo patsiku.
• Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 1 komanso a 2, omwe amalandila insulin nthawi yayitali musanadye, ayenera kumadyedwa katatu patsiku ndi nthawi yotalikirapo kwa maola 5 ndipo musamadye pakati pa chakudya.

Mudzaona kuti ndizothandiza kusunga nkhaniyi m'mabuku anu kuti muwerengenso nthawi ndi nthawi. Onaninso zolemba zathu zotsalira pazakudya zama carb ochepa a shuga. Ndidzakhala wokondwa kuyankha mafunso anu m'ma ndemanga.