CHIKHALIDWE CHA TSIKU NDI TSIKU CHA MAVITAMINI A SHUGA

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Mavitamini, zinthu zomwe zimapezeka komanso zolengedwa zokhala ndi Vitamini zimagwira gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakupanga metabolic.

Mu matenda a shuga a mellitus (kulimbikira kwa kagayidwe kazakudya), kuperewera kwa zinthu zofunika zotere kumayamba, komwe kumapititsa patsogolo matendawa. Chifukwa chake, matenda a shuga amachititsa kuti mavitamini azitha, ndipo kusowa kwa iwo kumakhudza kwambiri homeostasis (mankhwala amkati ndi mphamvu ya thupi), yomwe imayambitsa matenda a shuga.

Kuphatikiza kwama mavitamini a shuga sikuyenera, komanso kofunikira.

Chifukwa chiyani timafunikira mavitamini?

Musanakambirane mavitamini omwe amafunikira makamaka matenda a shuga, ziyenera kunenedwa chifukwa chake thupi limafunikira zinthu zonsezi.

Mavitamini ndi mankhwala achilengedwe omwe amagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana mwakuthupi.

Zinthu zachilengedwe izi ndizambiri ndipo zimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala. Kuphatikizika kwawo pagulu limodzi kumakhazikitsidwa pazomwe zimafunikira kwathunthu pazophatikizira izi kwa moyo wamunthu komanso thanzi. Popanda kudya mavitamini ambiri, nthenda zosiyanasiyana zimayamba: nthawi zina kusintha komwe kumadza chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mavitamini sikungasinthe.

Mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kuperewera kwa mavitamini ena amaphatikiza ma ricores, pellagra, scurvy, beriberi, osteoporosis, magazi osiyanasiyana, khungu usiku, komanso kutopa. Mndandandawo ukupitilira: kuchepa kwa Vitamini iliyonse kumapangitsa thanzi lanu kukhala labwino. Pafupifupi njira zonse za thupi zimatengera kupezeka kwa thupi la kuchuluka kwa zinthuzi.

Kusatetemera kwa thupi kumadalira kukhalapo kosasinthasintha kwa mavitamini onse mu ziwalo, ziwalo ndi kuzungulira kwa magazi. Popanda "kukonzekera" kofunikira, munthu amakhala pachiwopsezo cha matenda osiyanasiyana - kuyambira kuzizira mpaka zotupa za khansa.

Cholinga chachikulu cha mavitamini ndikuwongolera njira zama metabolic.

Izi ndizofunikira kwa anthu ochepa kwambiri, koma kuchuluka kwa izi kuyenera kukhala kwachizolowezi. Hypovitaminosis imachitika msanga, makamaka pakakhala zovuta zina (makamaka, matenda a shuga).

Thupi palokha silingatulutse Vitamini (kupatula zina): zimabwera kwa ife ndi chakudya. Ngati munthu wadwala kwambiri, mavitamini ayenera kuwonjezereka m'thupi.

Masiku ano, ndizovuta kudya mokwanira, ngakhale mutakhala kuti mumagulira chakudya chochuluka, ndiye kuti mavitamini amapatsidwa kwa aliyense mosakhazikika.

M'mayiko a ku Europe ndi USA, ndichikhalidwe chambiri kudya mavitamini chaka chonse (ndipo osati pachaka kapena panthawi yodwala, monga m'maiko a CIS).

Zosiyanasiyana komanso zamavuto tsiku lililonse

Pazonse, pali mavitamini oposa 20 osiyanasiyana.

Zinthu zonse izi zimagawika m'magulu atatu:

Mafuta osungunuka (izi zimaphatikizapo mavitamini a magulu C ndi B);
Mafuta osungunuka (A, E ndi mankhwala othandizira a magulu D ndi K);
Zinthu monga Vitamini (sizinaphatikizidwe m'gulu la mavitamini enieni, chifukwa kusapezeka kwa izi sikufikitsa zotsatira zowonongeka monga kusowa kwa mankhwala ochokera m'magulu A, B, C, E, D ndi K).

Mavitamini amawonetsedwa ndi zilembo ndi chi Latin, mavitamini ena amakhala m'magulu chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kamankhwala. Munthu ayenera kudya mavitamini ambiri tsiku lililonse: nthawi zina (panthawi yoyembekezera, kuchuluka kwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi, matenda ena), izi zimawonjezeka.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kudziwa zomwe mavitamini onse amatchedwa ndi kulembedwa (nthawi zambiri zinthu izi, kuwonjezera pa mawonekedwe a alphanumeric, dzina lawo - mwachitsanzo, B₃ - nicotinic acid, etc.).

Zomwe zimachitika tsiku lililonse ndi mavitamini.

Dzina la Vitamini	Zofunikira tsiku lililonse (pafupifupi)
A - retinol acetate	900 mcg
Mu₁ - thiamine	1.5 mg
Mu₂ - riboflavin	1.8 mg
Mu₃ - nicotinic acid	20 mg
Mu₄ - choline	450-550 mg
Mu₅ - pantothenic acid	5 mg
Mu₆ - pyridoxine	2 mg
Mu₇ - biotin	50 mg
Mu₈ - inositol	500 mcg
Mu₁₂- cyanocobalamin	3 mcg
C - ascorbic acid	90 mg
D₁, D₂, D₃	10-15 mg
E - tocopherol	15 magawo
F - mafuta achilengedwe a polyunsaturated	sinayikiridwe
K - phylloquinone	120 mcg
N - lipoic acid	30 mg

Mavitamini a shuga

Matenda a shuga, monga tanena kale, zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa mavitamini ndi michere yambiri.

Zifukwa zitatu zimathandizira pa izi:

Kukakamizidwa kudya zakudya mu shuga;
Kuphwanya njira za metabolic (zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi matendawa omwe);
Kuchepa mphamvu kwa thupi kugwira zinthu zopindulitsa.

Kukula kwakukulu, kusowa kwa zinthu zogwira ntchito kumakhudzanso mavitamini onse a B, komanso mavitamini ochokera ku gulu la antioxidant (A, E, C). Ndikofunika kwa munthu aliyense wodwala matenda ashuga kudziwa zakudya zomwe zili ndi mavitamini awa komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu izi mthupi lake pakadali pano. Mutha kuwona kuyeserera kwa magazi ndi kuyezetsa magazi.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa mavitamini osiyanasiyana pamankhwala osiyanasiyana. Ma monovitamini amayikidwa mu mawonekedwe a mankhwala osiyanasiyana kapena mavitamini apadera a odwala matenda ashuga.

Mankhwala amatengedwa pakamwa kapena kutumikiridwa intramuscularly. Njira zomalizazi ndizothandiza kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, kwa matenda ashuga, jakisoni wa mavitamini a B ndi mankhwala (pyridoxine, nicotinic acid, B₁₂) Zinthu izi ndizofunikira popewa zovuta - matenda ashuga a m'mimba, atherosulinosis ndi matenda ena.

Vutoli limaperekedwa kamodzi pachaka - jakisoni amaperekedwa kwa masabata awiri ndipo nthawi zina amayenda limodzi ndi kuyambitsidwa kwa mankhwala ena mthupi ndi njira yobweretsera (pogwiritsa ntchito dontho).

Vitamini yothandizira matenda a shuga ingayende limodzi ndi kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa kutentha, kukulitsa kwamitsempha yamagazi. Jekeseni enieni₃, Mu₆ ndi B₁₂ zopweteka kwambiri, motero odwala ayenera kukhala oleza mtima nthawi ya vitamini. Koma kumapeto kwa chithandizo, thanzi limasintha kwambiri.

Kuperewera kwa Vitamini kwa odwala matenda ashuga ndi chinthu chofala.

Kusamalira zakudya zodyetsa shuga kwa odwala matenda ashuga ndi ntchito yovuta yomwe imagwira ntchito limodzi ndi endocrinologist, wothandizira zakudya, komanso wodwalayo. Kuti chakudya chisakhudze kuwonjezeka kochuluka kwa shuga, iyenera kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu, magawo a mkate ndipo, makamaka, kuchuluka koyenera kwa mavitamini ndi mchere. Kalanga, sizovuta zonse zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwathunthu ndi thupi la odwala matenda ashuga, momwe njira zambiri zathupi zimasokonekera. Chifukwa chake, kuperewera kwa mavitamini kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga ndi chinthu chofala.

Zizindikiro zakulephera kwa vitamini mu shuga sizisiyana ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mavitamini azitha kuchepa:

Zofooka
Zosokoneza tulo;
Mavuto apakhungu;
Kuchepa kwa misomali ndi vuto latsitsi;
Kusokonekera;
Achepetsa chitetezo chokwanira, chizolowezi cha chimfine, matenda a fungus ndi bacteria.

Chizindikiro chomaliza chilipo m'mitundu yambiri ya anthu odwala matenda ashuga komanso popanda mavitamini, koma kuchepa kwa zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kupitilira pamenepo.

Chinanso chokhudza kudya kwamavitamini m'thupi omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga: chisamaliro chikuyenera kuperekedwa kwa mavitamini pakuthana ndi chithandizo cha zovuta zamagulu ammaso. Maso omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amavutika kwambiri, kotero kuchuluka kwama antioxidants A, E, C (ndi zina zotengera) kumakhala kofunikira.

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