CHOLESTEROL: ZONSE ZOMWE MUYENERA KUDZIWA - MATENDA A SHUGA

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Kodi cholesterol ndiyabwino kapena yoipa?

Cholesterol ndi chinthu chofunikira popanga maselo a ma cell. Amapereka kutanuka kwawo komanso kuperewera, zomwe zikutanthauza kuthekera kulandira michere.

Mafuta awa ndiofunika kwa ife:

kapangidwe ka vitamini D;
pa kapangidwe ka mahomoni: cortisol, estrogen, progesterone, testosterone;
kupanga ma bile acids.

Kuphatikiza apo, cholesterol imateteza maselo ofiira m'magazi a hemolytic. Ndipo komabe: cholesterol ndi gawo la maselo aubongo ndi mafupa amitsempha.

Thupi limafunikira cholesterol yambiri.

Zambiri zoterezi zofunikira zimatha kuchitidwa kokha ndi chinthu chofunikira. Chifukwa chiyani atolankhani amalankhula zowopsa za cholesterol ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito? Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani cholesterol yapamwamba ndiyosafunikira monga shuga yayikulu kwa odwala matenda ashuga? Tiyeni tiwone nkhaniyi, tilingalire mitundu ya cholesterol ndi zomwe zimachitika pa thupi la odwala matenda ashuga.

Cholesterol ndi fragility yamitsempha yamagazi

Pano pali mfundo yosangalatsa kwa omwe amathandizira zakudya zamafuta a cholesterol: 80% ya cholesterol imapangidwa m'thupi la munthu (ndi maselo a chiwindi). Ndipo 20% yotsala yokha imachokera ku chakudya.

Kuchulukitsa kwa cholesterol kumachitika mthupi mikhalidwe ina. Zombo zikasokonekera kwambiri m'maselo a chiwindi, kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kumapangidwa. Imakhazikika pa ma microcracks ndikuwatchinjiriza, kupewanso kupindika kwa minofu.

Kuwonjezeka kwa kukula ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumapangitsa kuti mafuta amitsempha komanso kusokoneza magazi. Mitsempha yosagwedezeka yodzaza ndi cholesterol plaques imayambitsa kugunda kwa mtima, stroko, kulephera kwa mtima, komanso matenda ena amitsempha.

Ndi cholesterol yayikulu, ndikofunikira kuyang'ananso moyo ndikusiya zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi asamachepe, kupanga ma microcracks ndipo potero amachititsa kuti mafuta a cholesterol awonjezeke.

Kunenepa kwambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a trans.
Kuperewera kwa fiber mu chakudya ndi matumbo.
Kusagwira ntchito.
Kusuta, mowa ndi poyizoni wina (mwachitsanzo, magalimoto opanga mafakitale ndi akunyumba, ziphe zachilengedwe - feteleza masamba, zipatso ndi madzi apansi pansi).
Kuperewera kwa zakudya zam'matumbo (mavitamini, makamaka A, C, E ndi P, kutsata zinthu ndi zinthu zina pakukonzanso maselo).
Kuchuluka kwama radicals kwaulere.
Matenda a shuga. Wodwala matenda a shuga amalandila cholesterol yambiri m'magazi.

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani zombo zimadwala matenda ashuga komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu zamafuta zimapangidwa?

Matenda a shuga ndi cholesterol: kodi zimachitika bwanji?

Mu shuga mellitus, kusintha koyamba kosakhala bwino m'mitsempha ya munthu. Magazi okoma amachepetsa kusasamala kwawo ndikuwonjezera kuchepa. Kuphatikiza apo, shuga imabweretsa chiwopsezo chochuluka.

Ma radicals aulere ndi maselo okhala ndi ntchito zapamwamba zamankhwala. Izi ndi okosijeni, amene wataya elekitirodi imodzi ndipo wakhala othandizira oxidizing. Mu thupi la munthu, ma oxidizing ophatikiza amafunika kulimbana ndi matenda.

Mu shuga, kupanga ma radicals aulere kumawonjezeka kwambiri. Kuyenda kwamitsempha yamagazi ndikuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi kumapangika m'machitidwe osakanikirana m'matumbo ndi minofu yowazungulira. Gulu lankhondo laulere likuyesetsa kuthana ndi infa yotupa. Chifukwa chake, ma microcracks angapo amapangidwa.

Magwero a radicals yogwira sangakhale ma mamolekyulamu okha, komanso nayitrogeni, chlorine, ndi hydrogen. Mwachitsanzo, mu utsi wa ndudu, mankhwala othandizira a nayitrogeni ndi sulfure amapangidwa, amawononga (oxidize) maselo am'mapapu.

Kusintha kwa Cholesterol: Zabwino ndi Zoipa

Udindo wofunikira pakapangidwe ka cholesterol deposits umaseweredwa ndikusintha kwa mafuta. Chemsterol yamankhwala ndi mowa wamafuta. Sizimasungunuka muzakumwa (m'magazi, m'madzi). M'magazi a anthu, cholesterol imalumikizana ndi mapuloteni. Mapuloteni apadera awa ndi omwe amayendetsa ma molekyulu a cholesterol.

Kuphatikizidwa kwa cholesterol ndi mapuloteni ena otayika amatchedwa lipoprotein. Mu terminology yamankhwala, mitundu iwiri ya zovuta imasiyanitsidwa:

milingo ya lipoproteins (HDL). Mkulu kwambiri kulemera sungunuka m'magazi, musakhale chodziwika kapena zosungika pa makoma amitsempha yamagazi (cholesterol plaques). Pofotokozera momveka bwino, cholesterol-protein yikulu kwambiri imeneyi imatchedwa "wabwino" kapena alpha-cholesterol.
otsika ochepa lipoproteins (LDL). Otsika maselo osungunuka m'magazi ndipo amatha kupendekera. Amapanga malo otchedwa cholesterol plaques pamakoma amitsempha yamagazi. Izi zimatchedwa "zoyipa" kapena beta cholesterol.

Mitundu "yabwino" ndi "yoyipa" ya cholesterol iyenera kukhala m'magazi a munthu pamlingo wina. Amagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. "Zabwino" - chimachotsa mafuta m'thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, imagwira cholesterol yowonjezeranso ndikuchichotsa m'thupi (kudzera m'matumbo). "Zoyipa" - zimasinthitsa cholesterol kumisempha yopanga maselo atsopano, kupanga mahomoni ndi ma asidi a bile.

Kuyesedwa kwa magazi kwa cholesterol

Chiyeso chachipatala chomwe chimapereka kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "chabwino" ndi "yoyipa" m'magazi anu chimatchedwa kuyerekezera magazi. Zotsatira za kusanthula kumeneku kumatchedwa mbiri ya lipid. Zimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yonse ndi kusintha kwake (alpha ndi beta), komanso zomwe zili triglycerides.

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi kuyenera kukhala pazigawo za 3-5 mol / L kwa munthu wathanzi komanso mpaka 4.5 mmol / L kwa wodwala matenda a shuga.

Nthawi yomweyo, 20% yonse ya cholesterol imayenera kuwerengedwa ndi lipoprotein "yabwino" (kuyambira 1.4 mpaka 2 mmol / L kwa azimayi komanso kuyambira 1.7 mpaka mol / L kwa amuna).
70% ya cholesterol yathunthu iyenera kuperekedwa kwa lipoprotein "yoyipa" (mpaka 4 mmol / l, mosaganizira jenda).

Kupitilira muyeso wa beta-cholesterol kumabweretsa ku atherosclerosis ya mtima (zambiri za matendawa zimatha kupezeka m'nkhaniyi). Chifukwa chake, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo amatenga kuyezetsa kumene miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse (kuti adziwe kuopsa kwa mitsempha yam'mimba ndikuchita mwanjira yochepetsera LDL m'magazi).

Kukhazikika kwa cholesterol iliyonse kumakhala koopsa monga kuchuluka kwawo. Ndi osakwanira "alpha-cholesterol" yokwanira, kukumbukira ndi kuganiza kumachepa, kukhumudwa kumawonekera. Ndi kusowa kwa "low" beta cholesterol, kusokonezeka kwa kayendedwe ka cholesterol kupita ku ma cell, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti njira zosinthira, kupanga mahomoni ndi bile zimachepetsedwa, kugaya chakudya kumakhala kovuta.

Matenda A shuga ndi Cholesterol Zakudya

Munthu amalandira ndi chakudya 20% yokha ya cholesterol. Kuchepetsa cholesterol mumenyu sikulepheretsa konse cholesterol amana. Chowonadi ndi chakuti maphunziro awo, sikokwanira kungokhala ndi cholesterol "yoyipa". Microdamage ku zombo zomwe cholesterol imayikapo ndikofunikira.

Mu matenda a shuga, zovuta zam'mimba ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda.

Anthu odwala matenda ashuga ayenera kukhala ochepa kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amalowa mthupi lake. Komanso musankhe mitundu yamafuta amafuta mu chakudya, osamadya mafuta am nyama ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta a trans. Nayi mndandanda wazogulitsa zomwe zimayenera kuchepetsedwa pamenyu ya wodwala yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga:

Nyama yamafuta (nkhumba, mwanawankhosa), nsomba zam'madzi (caviar ofiira, shrimp) ndi offal (chiwindi, impso, mtima) ndizochepa. Mutha kudya nkhuku yodyedwa, nsomba zamafuta ochepa (hake, cod, pike perch, pike, flounder).
Soseji, nyama zosuta, nyama ndi zam'chitini, mayonesi (okhala ndi mafuta a trans) samachotsedwa.
Confectionery, zakudya zothamanga ndi tchipisi sizikuphatikizidwa (gawo lonse lamakono lazakudya limagwira ntchito pamitengo yamafuta otchipa kapena mafuta amtengo wotentha).

Kodi odwala matenda ashuga atani:

Mafuta ophikira (mpendadzuwa, alimbane, maolivi, koma osati ma kanjedza - ali ndi mafuta ambiri ndi mafuta amthupi, osati soya - phindu la mafuta a soya limachepetsedwa ndi kuthekera kwake kwamakola magazi).
Zinthu zamafuta ochepa mkaka.

Njira zochepetsera cholesterol mu shuga

Zochita zolimbitsa thupi;
kukana kudzipha poyizoni;
mafuta oletsedwa pazosankha;
kuchuluka CHIKWANGWANI mu menyu;
antioxidants, kufufuza zinthu, mavitamini;
ndi kuwongolera mwamphamvu mafuta azakudya kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mitsempha yamagazi.

Mavitamini ndi ma antioxidants amphamvu (mavitamini ndi zomwe amafunikira tsiku ndi tsiku, onani nkhaniyi). Amawongolera kuchuluka kwa zotsalira zaulere (onetsetsani momwe mayendedwe a redox). Mu matenda ashuga, thupi lokha silitha kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito oxidizing (radicals).

Thandizo lofunikira liyenera kuonetsetsa kupezeka kwa zinthu zotsatirazi mthupi:

A antioxidant wamphamvu amapanga thupi - madzi osungunuka a zinthu glutathione. Amapangidwa panthawi yolimbitsa thupi pamaso pa mavitamini a B.
Zalandiridwa kuchokera kunja:
- mchere (selenium, magnesium, mkuwa) - ndi masamba ndi mbewu monga chimanga;
- mavitamini E (amadyera, masamba, chinangwa), C (zipatso zowawasa ndi zipatso);
- flavonoids (chepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "chotsika" - chomwe chimapezeka mu zipatso za zipatso.

Odwala a shuga amafunikira kuwunika kosiyanasiyana m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Ndikofunikira kuyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, acetone mu mkodzo, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol "yotsika" m'magazi. Kuwongolera kwa cholesterol kumalola kutsimikiza kwakanthawi kwa maonekedwe a atherosulinosis ndikuchita zinthu zolimbitsa mitsempha yamagazi ndikuwongolera zakudya zoyenera.

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