MATENDA AM'MIMBA - MITUNDU, ZIZINDIKIRO, CHITHANDIZO

Send

1. Matenda a shuga (dzina lina ndi aimpso glycosuria) - matenda omwe amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga mumkodzo ndi shuga wachilengedwe wa plasma. Izi anomatic zimakhudzana ndi kukanika kwa shuga m'magazi a impso.

2. Pali mtundu wina wa matenda a impso - matenda a shuga a impso (kapena sodium) - kuchepa kwa chidwi cha tubular system ya impso kupita ku adrenal mahomoni. Matendawa amagwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda a kwamikodzo kapena mavuto a hypothalamus, gawo lachiberekero lamanjenje lomwe limayambitsa kapangidwe ka timadzi ta antidiuretic komanso kuyang'anira kukodza ndi kukodza.

Mu matenda a shuga a impso, sodium imatsukidwa pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi asokonekera kwambiri (za macroelements, omwe sodium (Na) ndi yake, mutha kuwerenga munkhaniyi) Kuchulukitsa pokodza kungayambitse kuchepa kwamadzi.

Matenda a Renal - Zambiri

Matenda a shuga ndi mtundu umodzi wokha wamatenda a metabolic, omwe ndiofala kwambiri komanso ngati aliwonse.

Mu shuga mellitus, chidwi ndi insulin chimatha, kapena chimapangidwa mosakwanira.
Mu matenda a shuga a impso, ma tubules a impso amatha kuchepa kapena kuchepa mphamvu ndi aldosterone, timadzi tambiri timene timatulutsa timadzi tating'onoting'ono ta adrenal.

Glycosuria imachitika nthawi yomwe kuchuluka kwa shuga kwamkodzo kwamkodzo kumachokera pa 2 mpaka 100. Nthawi yomweyo, zizindikiro sizimatengera mtundu wa chakudya - gawo lililonse la mkodzo, kuphatikiza usiku, limakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti glucose wamagazi amatha kuchepetsedwa pang'ono. Kuthekera kolimbitsa thupi mwa munthu wodwala glucosuria kumakhalabe kwa nthawi yochepa. Nthawi zina, pamakhala zochitika zina pamene matenda a impso glycosuria amakula limodzi ndi "matenda" a shuga.

Ponena za matenda a shuga a impso, zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndizosiyana kwambiri

Amatha kulumikizana ndi ziwalo za excretion pawokha, komanso mapangidwe a neurohumoral omwe amawongolera mapangidwe a mkodzo. Matenda a shuga a renal amatsogolera pakupanga kosakanikirana kwa njira ya sodium reabsorption, chifukwa chomwe kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi kumasokonezeka. Ntchito za impso - kusefedwa kwa madzi ndi kufunikira kwa zinthu zofunika kuchokera pamenepo - zimasokonekera, ndipo zinthu zofunika (makamaka sodium), zimapita kumalo achilengedwe ndipo sizitengeka ndi thupi. Kuperewera kwa sodium kumayambitsa matenda oopsa kwambiri.

Sodium, pokhala macrocell ofunikira kwambiri m'thupi, amakhazikika pakukhazikika kwa osmotic mu ziwalo ndi minyewa yathupi. Kuphatikiza potaziyamu, chinthuchi chimayang'anira madzi amchere amchere am'madzi ndipo amathandizira pazochita zonse za metabolic. Popanda kuchuluka kwa sodium, ntchito yosakhazikika ya mitsempha, mtima, mitsempha yamagazi ndi minofu.

Zotheka

Zomwe zimayambitsa a impso glycosuria ndi motere:

Anatomical pathologies a tubules a impso - makamaka, kuchepa kwa unyinji wawo;
Kulephera mu kayendedwe ka glucose;
Kukula kwa kuchuluka kwa mamolekyulu a shuga m'mitsempha yama cell.

Izi matenda nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokhazikika ndipo sizifunika chithandizo chapadera.

Zovuta kwambiri ndizomwe zimachitika ndi matenda a shuga a impso. Matenda ngati amenewa nthawi zonse amakhala opatsirana ndipo amapita patsogolo ndipo amafunikira chithandizo chachikulu. Chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a shuga a impso nthawi zambiri chimakhala chobadwa nacho: matenda amapezeka mibadwo ingapo motsatana ndipo amapezeka m'mabanja angapo.

Zomwe zimapatsa chitukuko cha matenda a shuga a impso:

Matenda opatsirana (chifuwa chachikulu, mitundu ina ya chimfine, matenda opatsirana pogonana);
Pathologies a hypothalamus kapena pituitary gland (nthawi zambiri yobadwa nawo) - ziwalo zomwe zimayang'anira kapangidwe ka mahomoni a antidiuretic;
Zilonda za dipatimenti yaubongo yomwe imayang'anira ntchito ya kukodza (awa akhoza kukhala zotupa, kuvulala kwa craniocerebral, hydrocephalus, ntchito za neurosuction);
Matenda a mtima;
Matenda a Autoimmune momwe ma tubular a impso amawukiridwa ndi maselo oteteza thupi.

Matenda monga matenda oopsa komanso atherosulinosis amakulitsa nthawi ya matenda ashuga.

Zizindikiro

Mawonetseredwe azachipatala a impso glycosuria (kuwonjezera pa kuchuluka kwa shuga mu mkodzo) ndi osowa kwambiri.

Pokhapokha pamavuto, chifukwa cha kutayika kwakukulu kwa thupi ndi thupi, pali zizindikiro zofanana ndi kuwonetsa kwa hypoglycemia:

Zofooka
Chizungulire
Njala;
Kuchepa mphamvu zaluso.

Nthawi zina, chifukwa cha polyuria (pafupipafupi komanso kukodza kwambiri ndi kukodza), kuperewera kwa madzi m'thupi kumayamba. Popeza matendawa amakula nthawi zambiri ali mwana, kuchepa kwa chakudya cham'thupi kumatha kuyambitsa kuchedwa kwa mwana.

Komabe, mitundu yocheperako ya glycosuria imakhala yofala kwambiri, yomwe singakhudze kukula kwa thupi komanso mkhalidwe wa impso. Pali chiopsezo cham'mbali - mkodzo "wokoma" kwambiri ndi malo abwino a tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.

Kuwonetsera kwakukuru kwa matenda a shuga a impso (mwamwayi, matenda awa ndi osowa kwenikweni).

Matenda a shuga a sodium amapezeka pafupipafupi kwa achinyamata, ndipo zizindikiro zake ndi:

Kuchulukitsa pokodza (5-20 l);
Polydipsia (ludzu losatha);
Kuchulukitsa kopanda chikhodzodzo;
Mutu wosalekeza;

Fatigability, ntchito yochepa;
Khungu lowuma (thukuta komanso zotupa za sebaceous zimasiya kugwira ntchito);
Kuchepetsa thupi;
Kutsika kwamisala;
Zolimbitsa thupi.

Pakakhala chithandizo chapanthawi yake komanso chokwanira, zizindikirazo zimapita patsogolo. Zosagwirizana ndi mbali ya mtima kujowina - kugunda kwamtima kumafulumizitsa, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumakwera.

Ngati matenda a shuga a impso akayamba mwa ana, matendawa amatha kukhala owawa komanso ngakhale paroxysmal: kusanza kumawoneka, kutentha kwa thupi kumakwera, kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha, kupweteka kumachitika.

Kuzindikira mtundu uliwonse wa matenda a impso kumayambira ndi kutsimikiza mwatsatanetsatane.

Kukhalapo kwa matendawa kumawonetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga (pankhani ya aimpso glycosuria) komanso kuchuluka kwa mchere wa sodium (munthawi ya shuga aimpso). Nthawi zina MRI ya hypothalamic-pituitary zone ya ubongo imakhazikitsidwa ngati kuphwanya kuchokera m'madipatimenti awa kukayikiridwa.

Chithandizo cha matenda a impso glycosuria ndichizindikiro ndipo cholinga chake ndicho kubwezeretsanso mchere wamchere. Njira ya kulowetsedwa (kudzera ndi dontho) imalowetsedwa ndi saline. Matenda a impso a glycosuria ndi abwino. Muubwana, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kukula kwa enuresis, yomwe imakonda kupezeka pokakamiza kukodza komanso polyuria.

Ndi shuga aimpso amchere, mulingo wamadzimadzi umabwezeretsedwanso ndikuyambitsa yankho la sodium. Kukhazikitsa ma antidiuretic mahoni nthawi zina kumathandiza. Ngati nthendayi ndi yotengera kachilombo, mankhwala opatsirana kudzera m'magazi ndi mankhwala. Mofananamo, mankhwala odana ndi kutupa amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mchitidwe wochizira odwala osowa ma antidiuretic mahomoni pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira. Odwala amayikidwa zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso kuwonjezeka kwa chakudya chovuta m'zakudya. Menyuyi akutsimikiza kuphatikiza zinthu monga chimanga, chimanga ndi nyemba. Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni kuti muchepetse nkhawa pa impso. Mchere, mowa, koloko ndi khofi ziyenera kuthetsedwa. Kuti muchepetse ludzu, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zakumwa za zipatso, ma compotes opanga tokha, tiyi wobiriwira.

Ntchito yayikulu pakuchiza matenda amtundu wa shuga ndikubwezeretsa kwa kusalingana kwa metabolic.

Ndikofunikira kupatsanso mafuta obwera chifukwa cha mafuta am'mimba mu chiwindi ndi minofu, koma zophatikiza zama carbohydrate mthupi siziloledwa. Mankhwala, ndikofunikira kuti musafafanizire insulin.

Nthawi zina pamene matenda a shuga a impso amayamba chifukwa cha zotupa mu malo a pituitary ndi hypothalamic, chithandizo cha opaleshoni chimaperekedwa ngati kuli koyenera. Ngati matendawa adayamba kupsinjika chifukwa chovulala m'miyala, chithandizo chothandizira kubwezeretsa chimayikidwa.

Send