WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION PA MATENDA ASHUGA - MATENDA A SHUGA

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Kuchulukana kwa matenda a shuga kukuchuluka chaka chilichonse, makamaka m'maiko osatukuka. Zodabwitsazi zili ndi zifukwa zingapo; Zina mwazofunikira kwambiri ndi kupezeka kwa kunenepa kwambiri komwe kumayamba chifukwa cha kusadya bwino komanso kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi (kusowa zolimbitsa thupi).

Ndizotsimikiziridwa mwasayansi kuti nthawi zambiri pamavuto ambiri, kukhazikika kwa matenda ashuga komanso zovuta zimatha kupewedwa ndikusintha mtundu wa zakudya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kawirikawiri ndikuchotsa zizolowezi zoyipa, koma njira izi sizogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

World Health Organisation ikuumiriza kufunikira kwa mfundo zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi mayiko kuti achepetse ziwopsezo za matenda ashuga ndikuwongolera chisamaliro. Ndikofunikanso kupatsa anthu chidziwitso chokwanira cha matendawa komanso zovuta zake paumoyo.

Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tiwone mndandanda wofunikira 10 komanso wowulula pokhudza matenda ashuga.

1. Pakadali pano, anthu opitilira 347 miliyoni padziko lapansi ali ndi matenda ashuga

Madokotala amalankhula za mliri wa matenda ashuga padziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zimayambitsa kuchuluka kwa kunenepa kwambiri komanso kuchepa kwa zolimbitsa thupi. Osati gawo locheperako lomwe limaseweredwa ndi kusintha pang'onopang'ono mu chikhalidwe cha zakudya padziko lonse lapansi: zinthu zochulukirapo zowonjezera zonunkhira ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza thanzi la anthu zimapangidwa.

2. Malinga ndikuwonetseratu kwa akatswiri azachipatala, pofika chaka cha 2030, matenda ashuga azikhala m'gulu la zinthu zisanu ndi ziwiri zomwe zikuyambitsa imfa

Madotolo ati mu zaka 10 zikubwerazi, chiwerengero cha anthu omwalira ndi matenda ashuga komanso zovuta zazikulu zamatenda azachulukanso kuposa theka.

3. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yamatenda.

Matenda a Type I amadziwika ndi kuperewera kwenikweni kwa insulin,
Matenda a shuga a Type II amakula chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika insulin.

Mitundu yonse iwiri ya matenda a shuga imayambitsa kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi zizindikiro zowopsa, koma sizimatchulidwa kawirikawiri mu mtundu II wa shuga.

4. Pali mtundu wina wa matenda ashuga - gestational kishuga

Hyperglycemia imadziwikanso ndi mtundu wina wamatenda - kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, koma mulingo uwu umakhala pansi poyera kwambiri.

Matenda a shuga a Gestational nthawi zambiri amawonedwa panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati ndipo amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chodzala ndi matenda ashuga amtsogolo.

5. Ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2

Matenda a shuga a Type II ndiwoofala kwambiri - amapezeka 90% ya nthenda zonse za endocrine zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonekera kwa metabolic mthupi. M'mbuyomu, nthenda za matenda ashuga a ana 2 zimachitika kwambiri, masiku ano m'maiko ena milandu yoposa theka.

6. Matenda a mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi - chomwe chimayambitsa kufa 50-80% ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga

M'mayiko otukuka kwambiri, shuga ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kufa koyambirira - nthawi zambiri zimayenderana ndi matenda amtima.

7. Imfa chifukwa cha matenda a shuga ikuchulukirachulukira

Chaka chatha, matenda ashuga adapha anthu 1.5 miliyoni. WHO ikuwonetsa kuti chaka chilichonse chisonyezochi chidzawonjezereka ngati njira zoyenera za kupewa komanso zochizira sizitsatira.

8. Kupitilira 80% ya imfa chifukwa cha matenda ashuga kumayiko otsika kapena apakati.

M'mayiko a ku Europe ndi USA, matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi zaka zopuma pantchito; m'maiko omwe akutukuka kumene, matenda a zam'mimba amapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu azaka 35-64.

9. Matenda A shuga - Chochititsa Chotsogolera cha Ku khungu, Kuduladula, Kulephera

Kuperewera kwa chidziwitso cha matenda ashuga, kuphatikiza kuchepa kwa mankhwala ndi ntchito zachipatala, kumabweretsa zovuta monga khungu, kulephera kwa impso, komanso kudula miyendo chifukwa chakudwala matenda ashuga.

10. Nthawi zambiri, matenda ashuga a II amatha kupewedwa.

Hafu ya ola limodzi lolimbitsa thupi kuphatikiza chakudya chopatsa thanzi kumabweretsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa chiwopsezo cha matenda a shuga a mtundu II.

Matenda A shuga A Type I sangathe kupewedwa, koma zovuta za matendawa zimachepetsedwa.

Ntchito za WHO

Bungwe Loona za Umoyo Padziko Lonse likuchita njira zowunikira, kupewa ndi kuwongolera matenda ashuga ndi zotsatira zake. WHO imakhudzidwa makamaka ndi mayiko omwe amapeza ndalama zochepa.

Njira zotsatirazi zimatengedwa pothana ndi matenda ashuga:

Pamodzi ndi ntchito zamankhwala zam'deralo, zimagwira ntchito yoletsa matenda ashuga;
Amapanga miyeso ndi zikhalidwe za chisamaliro chothandiza cha matenda a shuga;
Amapereka chidziwitso kwa anthu za kuwopsa kwa matenda ashuga padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikizapo mgwirizano ndi MFD, International Federation of Diabetes;
Tsiku la Anthu Omwe Akulumpi Ashuga (Novembara 14);
Kudziwona za matenda ashuga komanso matenda.

WHO Global Strategy on Physical Activity, Nutrition and Health imakwaniritsa ntchito yothandizana ndi matenda ashuga. Chisamaliro chachikulu chimaperekedwa ku njira zapadziko lonse zomwe cholinga chake ndikulimbikitsa moyo wathanzi komanso kudya mokwanira, zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi komanso kulimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

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