Matenda a shuga - njira yodwalitsa yamtundu wam'munsi mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi vuto la shuga.
Zimachitika chifukwa cha imfa ya mitsempha yolandilira komanso kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zowopsa za matenda ashuga mellitus (DM), zomwe zimapatsa wodwalayo chisangalalo chachikulu, ndipo koposa zonse - chifukwa chake, zimamuwonjezera moyo wake.
M'mawu osavuta, phazi la odwala matenda ashuga ndi njira yopukuta minofu yomwe imachitika chifukwa, choyamba, kuwonongeka mu zakudya zam'mimba, ndipo, chachiwiri, kutha kwa kusamva bwino.
Zimayambitsa maonekedwe ndi gawo la matendawa
Malinga ndi ziwerengero zamankhwala, matenda omwe amafunsidwa amapezeka mwa khumi aliyense wodwala matenda a shuga. Nthawi yomweyo, pafupifupi theka la onse odwala matenda ashuga ali pachiwopsezo.
Anthu omwe ali ndi mtundu woyamba wa matendawa nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi vuto ili zaka 7-8 atakumana ndi zovuta za metabolism ya glucose.
Kuthekera kwa zochitika kumakhala kokulirapo, pokhapokha wodwala amatsatira malangizo omwe adokotala amupatsa. Ndi nthenda yachiwiri, phazi la matenda ashuga limatha kuwonekera posachedwa kapena posakhalitsa matenda a shuga atapezeka. Kuthekera kwa kupezeka kwa matenda ndi 4-10% (palibe zambiri zolondola pakadali pano).
Monga chifukwa chachikulu chakukhazikitsidwa kwa chilema chofananira, kusokonezeka kwa kayendedwe ka magazi kudzera m'matumbo omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga kumatchedwa.. Zotsatira zake kuti ma epermermis amalandila chakudya chokwanira, maselo ake okhalapo amayamba kufa.
Pamodzi ndi iwo, kutha kwa mitsempha kumawonongeka, komwe kumakulitsa vutoli. Wodwalayo samadzimva kuti khungu lake lipangika. Chifukwa cha izi, satenga njira zoyenera.
Masiteji
Mwa iwo okha, zovulala izi zimachiritsa pang'onopang'ono pazifukwa zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa - chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zomanga thupi. Chochulukirachulukirachulukira chifukwa cha matenda, miyendo ya wodwalayo imatulutsa thukuta pang'ono. Chifukwa cha izi, khungu pakhungu lawo likhala louma.
Zotsatira zake, zimalephera kukana matenda, koma koposa zonse, zimayamba kusweka. Pakutha kwa njirayi, kupanga ming'alu yozama kumachitika. Kenako, mabakiteriya amalowa mkati mwake.
Ponena za magawo a phazi la matenda ashuga, malinga ndi gulu la Wagner, pali 6 mwa awa:
- zero - ndikotheka kuzindikira kuwonongeka kwa mafupa, komanso vuto lakhungu lomwe limayambira zilonda zam'mimba;
- Choyamba - imadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a zilonda zapamwamba;
- chachiwiri - zilonda zimakhala zakuya mokwanira, ndipo pazilonda zomwe zimafanana ndizotheka kuzindikira mafupa, tendon komanso mafupa;
- chachitatu - zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mafinya;
- wachinayi - kupezeka kwa gangrene, chifukwa madera ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi minofu yakufa kwathunthu amawonekera;
- wachisanu ndi womaliza (popeza kudulidwa kumachitika) - amazindikira panthawi yomwe necrosis yakhudza gawo lalikulu la phazi.
Zizindikiro zazikuluzikulu ndi phazi la odwala matenda ashuga
Mawonetseredwe amatsenga awa ndiowala kwambiri, koma ambiri aiwo ndi owoneka.
Izi ndichifukwa choti wodwala matenda ashuga okhala ndi vuto lotayikiridwa amakhala ndi chidwi chocheperako, kapena amatha kusakhalapo.
Mu magawo oyamba omwe matendawo amakula, kuchuluka kokwanira kwa mitsempha kumakhalabe kotheka.Poganizira izi, wodwalayo amatha kumva kuwotchera ndikusiyidwa kumapazi. Izi zimangowonetsa kuti akuyamba kupanga zolakwika zomwe zikufunsidwa.
Komanso munthawi imodzimodziyo, kusintha kwamthupi zingapo kumachitika. Choyamba, khungu limayamba kuundana, ndipo kutentha kwake kumawonjezereka. Phazi lokha mwakuwonekera limakula ndikuwoneka lopunduka (ndiye kuti, lasintha mawonekedwe ake).
Pamene matenda amakula, zotsatira zotsutsana zimachitika - khungu limasinthasintha ndikuyamba kuzizira. Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, khungu limakhala louma komanso louma.
Chifukwa chakufa kwa mitsempha yotsiriza, kuchepa kwa chidwi kumachitika, ndipo wodwalayo amatha kungomva kutopa ndikusilira.
Zilonda, momwe anthu ambiri amawaganizira, zimayamba kuwonekera gawo loyamba, pomwe lachiwiri sizitha kunyalanyazidwa - zimakhudza madera ofunikira (pamtunda komanso mozama).
Ming'alu yam'mimba imatulutsa. Zilonda zoterezi nthawi zambiri zimakhala poyambira, koma potsatira zimayamba kutchulidwa.
Zizindikiro
Chidziwitso chachikulu chokhudzana ndi matenda omwe amawerengedwa, mwachidziwikire, chimawunikira.
China chilichonse chimangofunikira kudziwa mtundu wa zotupa.
Popanga njira zoyenera, dokotalayo amakonza zowonongeka pakhungu, ndipo pokhapokha pamenepa amatha kudziwa tanthauzo la matendawa, chifukwa aliyense ali ndi zizindikiro zowala.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa minofu mu phazi la odwala matenda ashuga ndi tizilombo tomwe timayambitsa kutupa. Amadyetsa maselo a minofu, pogwiritsa ntchito zovuta za maselo oyera a magazi kumadera omwe akhudzidwa. Zinyalala zawo, ndi mafinya.
Pofuna kuthana ndi kutupa, kuwunika kwa bakiteriya kumachitika.
Kutengera ndi zomwe zapezeka chifukwa chake, adotolo amafufuza njira yothandizira maantibayotiki.
Ngati phazi la matenda ashuga ndi ischemic, ndiye, mwa zinthu zina, X-ray, MRI, ultrasound ndi ultrasound scan imachitidwanso.
Izi ndizofunikira kudziwa mtundu wa minofu yomwe imabisika ndi khungu.
Mfundo zachithandizo
Choyamba, wodwalayo ayenera kusintha kuchuluka kwa shuga. Chifukwa cha izi, insulin ndi mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa shuga amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mafuta apadera ndi ma gels amadziwika kuti amasintha kukonzanso, kupewa mabakiteriya, etc.
Komabe, ayenera kutumizidwa ndi dokotala potengera momwe mapazi a wodwalayo alili. Izi ndichifukwa choti ndi mankhwala osankhidwa bwino, zotsatira zake zimakhala zosiyana. Maantibiotic mankhwalawa odwala matenda ammimba amathandizira kuthetsa kutupa.
Amasankhidwa payekhapayekha, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi odwala osiyanasiyana matendawa amakhala ndi mtundu wina. Chifukwa chake, kudzipangira nokha mankhwalawa kumakhumudwitsidwa - mutha kulakwitsa posankha, chifukwa nthawi yomwe ingawonongeke.
Mwa njira zopangira opaleshoni, zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zithetse minofu yakufa imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Muzochitika zapamwamba kwambiri, kudula kumachitika. Zachidziwikire, ndibwino kuti izi zisachitike, chifukwa pafupifupi 50% ya odwala pambuyo pa opereshoni yofananira amafa pakatha miyezi 12 mpaka 24.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo komanso chidziwitso cha matendawo
Zotsatira zoyipa zonse zomwe zamatsenga zimakoka kale zalembedwa pamwambapa: kupangidwa kwa zilonda zam'mimba, necrosis, ndi zina zambiri.Popanda chithandizo kapena mankhwala osayenera, pakadali pano, kufalikira kwa zowola kumiyendo yina ya miyendo ndikotheka.
Ndipo koposa zonse, ndizotheka kuti magazi ndi ziwalo zamkati zimatengera. Ponena za kuneneraku, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zabwino. Njira yochizira imatha kukhala miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kufikira chaka ndi theka.
Mapeto ake, thupi la wodwalayo limabweranso mwakale, ndipo njira zowola zimayimitsidwa. Chachikulu ndichakuti mupeze vutoli munthawi yake ndikuyesetsa kuthetsa.
Makanema okhudzana nawo
About magawo ndi zizindikiro za phazi la matenda ashuga mu kanema:
Matendawa odwala matenda ashuga - matenda omwe wodwala matenda ashuga aliyense ayenera kulingalira za kuthekera kwa chitukuko. Chifukwa chake, wodwalayo akulimbikitsidwa kuti apimidwe pafupipafupi, ndipo koposa zonse - kuwunika momwe miyendo yawo ilili, ndipo ngati kuwonongeka kuli konse pakapezeka, ayenera kufunsidwa mwachangu (mwachitsanzo, tsiku lotsatira).
