Carbamazepine ndi mankhwala amphamvu omwe ali ndi psychotropic komanso antiepileptic. Chida ichi ndi chothandiza kwambiri, koma chili ndi zotsatira zoyipa zambiri, chifukwa chake muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kokha monga mwauzidwa ndi dokotala, osapitirira muyeso wokwanira womwe uwonetsedwa mu malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito.
Dzinalo
Mapiritsi awa m'Chilatini, ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri azamankhwala, amatchedwa Carbamazepine.
ATX
M'magulu azakudya zamtundu wapadziko lonse lapansi omwe ali ndi mankhwala, ali ndi code - N03AF01.
Carbamazepine ndi mankhwala okhala ndi psychotropic komanso antiepileptic.
Kutulutsa mafomu ndi kapangidwe kake
Gawo lalikulu la carbamazepine ndi chinthu chomwechomwe chimadziwika. Zigawo zothandizira zimaphatikizapo:
- wowuma;
- talc;
- magnesium wakuba;
- polysorbate;
- povidol.
Mankhwalawa amapezeka ngati mapiritsi. Mankhwala omwe ali ndi Mlingo wa 200 mg amawonetsedwa pazomenyera. Paketi imatha kukhala ndi mapaketi 1 mpaka 5.
M'm zipatala, mankhwalawa amaperekedwa m'mabanki omwe amapangira 500, 600, 1000, 1200 ma PC. Bokosi lirilonse limanyamula pabokosi losiyana.
Zimagwira bwanji?
Mankhwalawa ali ndi neurotropic, antidiuretic, antiepileptic, anticonvulsant, Normotimic, antipsychotic, psychotropic.
The antiepileptic mphamvu ya mankhwalawa zimatheka ndi kukhazikika kwa ma cell a ma cell a neurons pansi pa overexcitation. Chipangizocho chimayimitsa chiwonetsero chazithunzithunzi ndikuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa ma pulows. Mankhwala amathandizira kuchepetsa glutamate, womwe ndi neurotransmitter.
Mankhwala carbamazepine ali ndi neurotropic ndi standardotimic kwenikweni, omwe amalola kuti achepetse kugwidwa khunyu.
Mankhwala amachepetsa kagayidwe ka norepinephrine ndi dopamine. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndi anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu kungachepetse kuchuluka kwa kukomoka komanso kuchuluka kwa kukhumudwa, kuthetsa nkhawa zambiri, ndi zina zambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa amathandizira kuthetsa ululu wa paroxysmal ndi neuralgia yayikulu.
Zotsatira za mankhwalawa mankhwalawa amachokera ku mowa amathandizira kuchepetsa zochitika zogwira mtima komanso mawonekedwe ena.
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga insipidus, mankhwalawa amatha kuchepetsa diuresis.
Pharmacokinetics
The mayamwidwe mankhwala pang'onopang'ono. Kuchuluka kwambiri kwa plasma kumatha pafupifupi maola 12. Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi, kutsata kwofananira kumafikiridwa patatha masiku 7-14.
Kagayidwe ka mankhwala kumachitika m'chiwindi chifukwa cha microsomal enzyme epoxide hydrase.
Odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kamodzi, amachotsedwa kwathunthu pakatha maola 36.
Ngati mankhwalawa agwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo la mankhwala osokoneza bongo pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena antiepileptic, nthawi yake yochotsa imatha kuchepetsedwa mpaka maola 9-10. Ma metabolites osagwira amachotsedwa pamlingo waukulu ndi mkodzo komanso mochepera ndi ndowe. Mwa ana, kuchotsedwa kwa mankhwalawa kumachitika mwachangu kwambiri.
Kodi chimathandiza ndi chiyani?
Kulandila kukuwonetsedwa panjira yotsatira:
- khunyu
- glossopharyngeal neuralgia;
- kusiya mowa;
- polydipsia ndi polyuria mu matenda a shuga;
- ululu matenda am'mimba.
- matenda ochititsa munthu kupuma;
- kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ku mitsempha ya trigeminal;
- mitsempha yotukuka yomwe idakhudzidwa ndi maziko a ma sclerosis angapo, ndi zina zambiri.
Kuthekera kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pazinthu zina zamatenda zomwe zimapezeka mwa odwala zimatsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala payekhapayekha.
Contraindication
Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe kugwiritsa ntchito chida ichi ndizoletsedwa. Mavuto ndi mikhalidwe yotere ndi monga:
- antrioventricular block;
- pachimake porphyria
- kufooka kwa mafupa;
- kulephera kwa mtima ndi impso;
- maselo oyera oyera a m'magazi ndi ma cell a ma cell
- kukhalapo kwa hypersensitivity.
Mosamala, muyenera kumwa mankhwalawa ngati wodwala kale anali ndi zizindikiro za myelodepression.
Momwe angatenge
Mu khunyu, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba ngati mawonekedwe a monotherapy. Chithandizo chimayamba ndi Mlingo wochepa kwambiri kuyambira 100 mpaka 200 mg / tsiku.
Ndi neuralgia ya glossopharyngeal ndi trigeminal nerve, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu 200 mg. Pang'onopang'ono, mlingo umakwera mpaka 600-800 mg. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndikololedwa mpaka kuthetseratu ululu.
Ndi neuralgia ya ternary nerve, mankhwala a carbamazepine amayamba kutengedwa mu mlingo wa 200 mg.
Ndi polydipsia ndi polyuria, yomwe imayamba ndi shuga insipidus, mankhwalawa amadziwitsidwa muyezo wa 200 mg katatu patsiku.
Mankhwalawa chizindikiro chodziyimira kumbali ya kuledzera, mlingo woyambira ndi 200 mg katatu patsiku.
Monga gawo la chithandizo chothandizira kupsinjika kwamapapo, mankhwalawa amalembera achikulire mlingo wa 400 mpaka 1600 mg. Mlingo umagawidwa mu 2 kapena 3 Mlingo.
Ngati mukumva kupweteka, mankhwalawa amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi 100 mg 2 kawiri pa tsiku. M'tsogolomu, tsiku lililonse mlingo umakwera mpaka 200 mg.
Asanadye kapena pambuyo chakudya
Akatswiri ambiri adazindikira kuti ndikofunika kuti musamwe mankhwalawa pamimba yopanda kanthu, chifukwa izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha zotsatira zoyipa m'mimba. Tengani mankhwalawa ayenera kukhala mukatha kudya kapena mukatha kudya. Mankhwala ayenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi.
Carbamazepine osavomerezeka kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pamimba yopanda kanthu.
Kutenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Kutalika kwa mankhwalawa kumatengera kuzindikira, wodwalayo, zomwe zimachitika ndi zomwe akuchita. Kwa ma pathologies ena, maphunziro a sabata la 1-2 ndi chithandizo chokwanira ndizokwanira. Komabe, mankhwala a moyo wonse atha kuwonetsedwa.
Kumwa mankhwala a shuga
Anthu odwala matenda a shuga ayenera kumwa mankhwalawa mosamala.
Mu matenda a shuga a polyneuropathy, shuga ndi 200 mg kawiri pa tsiku.
Zotsatira zoyipa
Mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri, angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza odwala onse.
Zotsatira zoyipa zingapo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowonjezereka kwambiri kwakuti munthu sangathe kukhala ndi moyo wathunthu, zitha kukhala zopinga ku chithandiziro.
Matumbo
Zotsatira zoyipa za carbamazepine kuchokera m'mimba thirakiti zimaphatikizapo:
- nseru
- kusanza
- kamwa yowuma
- jaundice
- kusokonezeka kwa chopondapo;
- kutaya mtima;
- hepatitis;
- kapamba
- glossitis.
Kuzindikira chilakalaka ndi chimodzi mwanjira zoyipa za kumwa Carbamazepine.
Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumatha kuthandizira kuwoneka kwa stomatitis ndi zina zomwe zimayambitsa milomo. Kugwiritsa ntchito carbamazepine kungapangitse kuti chiwindi chilephereke.
Hematopoietic ziwalo
Nthawi zambiri, pakapita nthawi yayitali kumwa mankhwalawa, magazi a aplastic ndi hemolytic amayamba. Kuphatikiza apo, maonekedwe a ophwanya malamulo monga:
- thromocytopenia;
- leukocytosis;
- eosinophilia;
- erythrocyte aplasia;
- reticulocytosis.
Ngati munthu akhala akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a carbamazepine, magazi amayamba.
Mwa zina, motsutsana ndi maziko akumwa mankhwalawo, lymphadenopathy imatha kuonekera.
Pakati mantha dongosolo
Kuchokera kumbali ya dongosolo lamanjenje pakudya carbamazepine, zotsatirazi zingachitike:
- ulesi;
- mutu
- kusamva kwa makutu;
- nystagmus;
- diplopia;
- ataxia
- chizungulire;
- chikumbumtima;
- phokoso m'mutu;
- neuritis.
Lethargy, phokoso m'mutu, kuzungulira kwa chizungulire ndi zotsatira zoyipa za carbamazepine yapakati.
Zotsatira zoyipa, zowonetsedwa ndi kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo, kutsegula kwa psychosis, zovuta zamakomedwe, dysarthria, ndi zina zambiri.
Kuchokera kwamikodzo
Molingana ndi maziko omwa mankhwalawa, kuphwanya impso ndikukula kwa njira yotupa ndikotheka. Nthawi zambiri samapezeka ndi vuto la impso.
Kuchokera ku kupuma
Nthawi zambiri imayambitsa chibayo ndi dyspnea.
Kuchokera pakupuma, carbamazepine imatha kuyambitsa chibayo.
Dongosolo la Endocrine
Ndizachilendo kwambiri kumwa mankhwalawa kumabweretsa kukhumudwa kwa chithokomiro. Mwina kukula kwa galactorrhea ndi gynecomastia.
Matupi omaliza
Odwala amatha kuzimiririka pakhungu. Pafupipafupi, thupi limakumana ndi vuto la arthralgia, fever, ndi lymphadenopathy.
Malangizo apadera
Asanapereke mankhwala, dokotalayo amayenera kuunika mayeso okwanira kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa magawo a magazi, omwe amayenera kuwunikidwa mosamala atayamba kulandira chithandizo.
Kuwongolera kwapadera mukamamwa mankhwalawa kumafunikiranso kwa anthu omwe akuwonjezeka.
Pamaso pa matenda okhudzana ndi ziwalo zamkati ndi matenda obadwa nawo a dongosolo lamanjenje, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira wodwalayo nthawi zonse. Mankhwalawa odwala omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV amafunika kuwunika pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa leukocytes.
Kuyenderana ndi mowa
Pa mankhwala, wodwalayo ayenera kukana kumwa zakumwa zilizonse zauchidakwa.
Mukamayendetsa carbamazepine, ndikofunikira kusiya zakumwa zoledzeretsa.
Zokhudza mphamvu pakuwongolera njira
Anthu omwe akumwa mankhwala ndi mankhwalawa ayenera kusamala poyendetsa galimoto ndikuchita ntchito zoopsa.
Gwiritsani ntchito panthawi yoyembekezera komanso mkaka wa m`mawere
Kulera kwa mwana ndi wodwala ndiko kubweretsa njira zochiritsira ndi mankhwalawa, chifukwa izi zimatha kubweretsa zovuta zapakati pa mwana wosabadwayo. Kuyamwitsa kumathandizanso kuti mupewe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
Mimba ndi mkaka wa m`mawere ndi contraindication kumwa mankhwala carbamazepine.
Kupangira Carbamazepine kwa Ana
Kwa ana, mankhwalawa amalembedwa pafupipafupi kuposa achikulire. Kugwiritsa ntchito kake kumakhala koyenera. Kwa ana osakwana zaka 5, mlingo wa 20 mpaka 60 mm ndi womwe umaperekedwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, imatha kuwiriridwa kawiri. Ana opitirira zaka 5 amapatsidwa - 100 mg patsiku. Mlingo uwu umagawidwa mu Mlingo wa 2-3. Mankhwalawa amatha kuperekedwa kwa ana kuti athetse chiwonetsero cha matenda ashuga.
Gwiritsani ntchito mu ukalamba
Pochiza achikulire, Mlingo wochepetsedwa umagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mankhwalawa pochotsa zizindikiro za anthu opitirira 65, mlingo woyenera ndi 100 mg 2 kawiri pa tsiku.
Mankhwalawa amathandizidwa kuti athetse kutentha kwambiri, kukhazikika kwa diresis ndikuthandizira mwachangu madzi abwino mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga.
Bongo
Kugwiritsa ntchito Mlingo wambiri wa mankhwalawa kungayambitse kuwoneka kwa zizindikiro monga:
- masomphenya osalala;
- kulephera kudziwa;
- kusanza ndi kusanza
- kukokana
- kupuma kofooka
- nystagmus;
- pulmonary edema;
- kusinthasintha kwa mtima;
- mtima kumangidwa;
- dysarthria;
- kugona kapena kukwiya kwambiri;
- kusanja m'malo.
Kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha ya mtima ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zikuwonetsa za mankhwala osokoneza bongo a carbamazepine.
Chithandizo cha mankhwalawa chimaphatikizapo kupukusa kwam'mimba, kupanga diuresis ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ufiti. Kuphatikiza apo, njira zimayendetsedwa kuti zizikhala ndi kupuma komanso mtima.
Kuchita ndi mankhwala ena
Mankhwalawa amagwirizana kwambiri ndi mankhwala ena, ngati mukufuna ndalama, muyenera kufunsa dokotala. Kugwiritsa ntchito limodzi ndi CYP 3A4 inhibitors kumayambitsa kuchuluka kwa omwe anali m'magazi. Ngati kuphatikiza ndi inducers a CYP 3 A 4 isoenzyme kukufunika, kuthamanga kwa kagayidwe kachakale kamayembekezereka.
Kuphatikizana sikulimbikitsidwa
Chogwiritsidwacho sichikugwirizana ndi Mao inhibitors.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza mankhwalawa ndi corticosteroids, zolembera za m'magazi okhala ndi estrogen komanso carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.
Ndi chisamaliro
Pazinthu zochepa chabe, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake ndi Isoniazid kumaloledwa, chifukwa kumawonjezera hepatotoxicity yotsirizira. Kugwiritsa ntchito carbomazepine kumachepetsa mphamvu ya ma anticonvulsants ena, anticoagulants, barbiturates, valproic acid. Mphamvu ya clonazepam ndi piramidi imatsika ndikugwiritsa ntchito carbamazepine. Mosamala ayenera kumwa mankhwalawa ndi mtima glycosides.
Nthawi zina, kutenga carbamazepine amaloledwa ndi isoniazid.
Analogi
Lingaliro la momwe mungasinthire mankhwalawa liyenera kupangidwa ndi adokotala. Carbamazepine-Acre analogues ndi:
- Zeptol;
- Carbapine;
- Timonyl;
- Carbalex;
- Finlepsin retard;
- Tegretol;
- Gabapentin.
Carbalex ndi amodzi mwa fanizo la mankhwala a Carbamazepine.
Kupita kwina mankhwala
Itha kugulidwa ku pharmacy kokha ndi mankhwala kuchokera kwa dokotala.
Kodi ndingagule popanda kulandira mankhwala?
Kugulitsa mankhwalawa popanda mankhwala sikololedwa. Kugula kwa dzanja kumawonjezera mwayi wopeza mankhwala achinyengo kapena omwe atha ntchito.
Zingati carbamazepine
Mankhwala ochokera ku kampani "Farmland" ndi makampani ena ndi otsika mtengo. Mtengo wa mapiritsi 50 a 200 mg - kuchokera pa 45 mpaka 60 ma ruble.
Kusunga mankhwala Carbamazepine
Zogulitsirazi ziyenera kusungidwa pa kutentha osapitirira 25 ° C
Tsiku lotha ntchito
Mankhwala amatha kusungidwa osaposa zaka zitatu. Tsiku lopangira likuwonetsedwa pa phukusi.
Ndemanga pa carbamazepine
Olga, wazaka 24, Vladivostok
Kuyambira ndakhala ndikudwala matenda a khunyu kuyambira ndili mwana ndipo ndakhala ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi carbamazepine kuyambira ndili ndi zaka 13. Mankhwalawa ndi oyenera, choncho palibe mavuto, koma tsopano ndikupanga mwana ndipo sindikudziwa zoyenera kuchita, chifukwa sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndikuopa kuwonjezeka kwa kukomoka, kotero nditenga chithandizo china ndi adotolo.
Igor, wazaka 35, Rostov-on-Don
Ndili mwana, ndinali ndi zizindikiro zoyambirira zodwala. Nthawi ndi nthawi, psychiatrist amalimbikira kumwa carbamazepine. Mapiritsi amathandizira bwino, koma zoyipa zimasokoneza moyo. Thupi silimamwa mankhwalawo. Ndikukhulupirira kuti atenga njira yofatsa posachedwa.
Ecebi, wazaka 45, Moscow
Anamuchitira chithandizo cha khunyu yapambuyo pake. Zotsatira zoyipa za mapiritsiwa zidatchulidwa, adotolo adaganiza zosinthira mankhwalawa ndi Timonil. Imakhala yofatsa ndipo samapereka zotsatira zoyipa zambiri.
Vladislav, wazaka 35, Kamensk
Anamuthandiza mankhwalawo kuyambira zaka 13 mpaka 19. Pali zovuta zina, koma mankhwalawa adathetseratu khunyu. Panalibe kuzunza kwa zaka 17.
