Kodi maphunziro a shuga amaphunzitsidwa chiyani pa zaumoyo kusukulu?

Matenda a shuga samatchulidwanso ngati matenda osowa, koma ndi anthu ochepa okha omwe amadziwa mawonekedwe a maphunzirowa ndipo amamvetsetsa kufunika kotsatira malangizo azachipatala.

Aliyense amene wapezeka ndi matendawa ayenera kuphunzitsidwa koyenera. Chifukwa chaichi, pali sukulu yapadera yomwe imapereka makalasi a odwala matenda a shuga.

Mitundu ndi Zomwe Zachitika pa Matenda A shuga

Matendawa amadziwika ndi kusowa kwa insulin komanso kuphwanya ma cell carbohydrate metabolism. Zotsatira zakukula kwa njira ya pathological mu thupi ndikuwonjezereka kwa glycemia, komanso kupezeka kwa glucose mkodzo. Njira ya matenda ashuga, mawonetseredwe ake ndi njira zosankhidwa zochiritsira zimatsimikiziridwa ndi mtundu wa matenda.

Matenda a shuga amachitika:

• Mtundu umodzi - zimaphatikizapo jakisoni wa insulin chifukwa cha kusapezeka kapena kusakwanira kwa kupanga kwake ndi thupi;
• Mitundu iwiri - yodziwika ndi kutayika kwa insulin ndipo imafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera;
• gestational - wapezeka pokhapokha pakati.

Njira yodalira insulin chifukwa cha matendawa imayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ma cell a beta omwe amachititsa kuti insulin itulutsidwe. Kuperewera kwa mahomoni kumalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa glucose, komwe kumapangitsa kuwonjezeka kwa mfundo zake m'magazi. Dzikoli lili ndi vuto la hyperglycemia, pamene shuga wambiri samalowa m'maselo, koma amakhala m'magazi.

Zinthu zomwe zitha kupangitsa kuti mtundu woyamba:

• zoyambitsa;
• matenda, mavairasi okhudza kapamba;
• kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira.

Matenda amtunduwu amakula mwachangu kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhudza achinyamata. Amachepetsa thupi ngakhale ali ndi chidwi chofuna kudya komanso ludzu. Nthawi zonse pamakhala kumva kutopa, kusakwiya komanso kuchuluka kwa mkodzo usiku. Pakupita masiku ochepa kuchokera pomwe anayamba kulandira insulin, wodwalayo amabwerera kunenepa kwambiri ndikukhala bwino.

Mtundu wopanda insulin Imayendera limodzi ndi zizindikiro zofananira ndi mtundu 1, komabe ilinso ndi zina:

• matendawa amapezeka zaka 40;
• mulingo wa insulin m'magazi uli mkati mwa malire oyenera kapena kuchepetsedwa pang'ono;
• pali kuchuluka kwa glycemia;
• Matendawa nthawi zambiri amatsimikizika mwangozi ngati munthu amayezetsa kapena kudandaula za matenda ena.

Matenda a shuga mwa odwalawa amakula pang'onopang'ono, motero sangadziwe za matenda am'thupi kwa nthawi yayitali.

Zoyambitsa 2:

• kunenepa
• olemedwa ndi chibadwa.

Pankhaniyi, njira zochizira zimachokera pakutsatira zakudya, kuchepetsa thupi ndi kubwezeretsa chidwi cha insulin yomwe ili mthupi. Pokhapokha pakuchitika izi, munthu akhoza kulimbikitsidwa kuti amwe mankhwala apadera omwe amathandiza kutsika shuga. Nthawi zina, mankhwala a insulin amafunikira.

Kuwoneka kwa matenda ashuga mwa amayi apakati nthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi kupezeka kwa chibadwa. Zolakwika mu zakudya, komanso kupsinjika kwakukulu pazinthu zomwe zimapanga mahomoni, zimatha kuyambitsa matendawa.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda otere sayenera kukhumudwa ndikuyang'ana zovuta zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Zochitika zamakono zamasayansi pantchito zamankhwala zimapereka mwayi kwa onse odwala matenda ashuga kuti miyoyo yawo ikhale yathunthu. Udindo wofunikira popewa zovuta komanso matenda opatsirana a matenda am'magazi umayimbidwa ndi sukulu yaumoyo kwa odwala matenda ashuga.

Maphunziro a Sukulu ya Zaumoyo

Kupambana pochiza matendawa sikudalira kokha pa mankhwala oyenera, koma pakufunitsitsa kwa wodwalayo, chikhumbo ndi chitsogozo kuti apitirize kukhala ndi moyo wakhama.

Njira ya shuga imadalira kwambiri kulimbikira kwa wodwala.

Pamaziko a zipatala zambiri, malo azaumoyo, masukulu apadera adakonzedwa momwe makalasi ophunzitsira amachitikira kuti alimbikitse ndikukhalanso ndi thanzi la odwala matenda ashuga. Amaphunzitsidwa osati ndi endocrinologists, komanso akatswiri monga ophthalmologists, akatswiri azachipatala, madokotala othandizira, akatswiri azakudya.

Kupezeka mkalasi kumathandizira odwala kudziwa zambiri za matenda omwewo, zovuta zomwe zimakhalapo nawo, ndikuphunzira momwe angapewere zovuta.

Nthawi zambiri, wodwala matenda ashuga amaopa matenda amtunduwu komanso amakana kuthana ndi zovuta zilizonse zomwe zimakhalapo panthawi ya mankhwala. Anthu ambiri amataya chidwi ndi zochitika zamakono, amakhumudwitsidwa m'moyo, ndipo chithandizo chimawerengedwa ngati chopanda tanthauzo.

Kuyendera sukulu ya matenda a shuga kumathandiza kuthana ndi zovuta ndikuphunzira kukhalapo mokwanira poganizira momwe dongosolo limakhalira ndi matendawa.

Mitu yayikulu yomwe amavomerezana ndi WHO komanso yomwe ikukhudzana ndi maphunziro ndi:

1. Matenda a shuga ngati njira yamoyo.
2. Kudziletsa ngati njira yopeweretsera zovuta.
3. Malamulo a zopatsa thanzi.
4. Zakudya zochokera pazowerengera zama mkate.
5. Mankhwala a insulin komanso mitundu yamahomoni omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
6. Mavuto a shuga.
7. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi ndi malamulo osinthira mlingo.
8. Hypertension, matenda a mtima a ischemic.

Sukuluyi imakhala ndi makalasi a odwala omwe amafotokoza za chithandizo chamankhwala. Kuti mumvetsetse bwino komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu, kuphunzitsa koyenera kumakhala kofunikira, kuphatikiza masewera ndi kuthana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana.

Chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizirana pophunzitsira, odwala amasinthana zidziwitso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azitha kudziwa bwino zomwe amaphunzira. Kuphatikiza apo, njira zophunzitsira zotere zimapangitsa kuti zisinthe pa pulogalamu yophunzitsira.

Kanema wokhudza matenda a shuga a 2:

Akatswiri amasukulu pamsonkhano uliwonse amafunsa mafunso pazokambirana zapitazo kuti aphatikize ndikubwereza zomwe taphunzira kale. Ndikofunikira kuti odwala mutatha kuphunzitsa atha kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe aphunzira pochita.

Phunziro la sukulu ya matenda ashuga limakhudza malikulu atatu:

1. Kudziletsa kwa glycemia ndikukhazikitsa gawo lovomerezeka la chisonyezo.
2. Kuwongolera zakudya komanso maphunziro azakudya.
3. Kutha kuthana ndi zovuta komanso kuwona njira zopewa zovuta zonse.

Sukulu ya matenda ashuga ndi njira yoyenera yothandizira mankhwalawa komanso kupewa zotsatira zoyipa.

Kuwongolera shuga

M'makalasi omwe amachitika ngati gawo la sukulu ya matenda ashuga, odwala amauzidwa zakufunika kwakudziyang'anira okha glycemia, pafupipafupi pakukhazikitsa kwake masana.

Kuyeza shuga pafupipafupi kumakupatsani mwayi:

1. Mvetsetsani zomwe mtengo wa glycemia umakhala wabwino kwambiri komanso wokwanira.
2. Sankhani mndandanda woganizira momwe thupi lanu limayendera mukamadya zakudya zina.
3. Khazikitsani zolondola zolimbitsa thupi zomwe odwala matenda ashuga amafunikira.
4. Muzitha kusintha mankhwalawa a insulin komanso mankhwala ochepetsa shuga.
5. Phunzirani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito shuga wamagazi ndikukhala ndi diary ya chakudya moyenera, yomwe iyenera kuwonetsa zotsatira za miyeso yonse ndi zakudya zomwe zidamwa. Izi zipangitsa kuti mupende bwino momwe muliri, mulingalire molondola ndikusintha chithandizo ngati pakufunika kutero.

Shuga ayenera kuyezedwa osachepera 4 pa tsiku, 3 omwe amachitidwa musanadye, komanso 1 - asanagone. Wodwalayo amatha kuyendetsa payekha miyeso yowonjezera pakumayipa akakhala kuti akuwonongeka, akuchita zinthu zosazolowereka, panthawi yovuta kapena nthawi zina.

Zakudya zoyenera

Zakudya ndiye njira yayikulu yothandizira matendawa. Akatswiri a sukuluyi amaphunzitsa odwala kuti asamangosankha zinthu malinga ndi malamulo a zakudya, komanso amapereka malingaliro pa kukhazikitsa regimen, kuphatikiza zakudya komanso kuganizira zopatsa mphamvu.

Zapamwamba:

1. Musachepetse kulemera kwamtundu woyenera. Kulemera kwambiri kwa thupi kuyenera kuthetsedwa kudzera mu chakudya chamagulu komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi.
2. Pewani kuchepa thupi musanayambe kukonda kuonda, komwe ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa odwala a 1.
3. Chakudya chizikhala chosangalatsa komanso chogawika m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Ndikofunikira kuti odwala athe kupewa kugona nthawi yayitali kuti apewe hypoglycemia, komanso kupweteka.
4. Chakudyacho chiyenera kukhala chamafuta ambiri kupangira mphamvu zamagetsi ndikusowa kwa glucose m'maselo.
5. Muyenera kuwerengera XE (mkate magawo) nthawi iliyonse chakudya. Izi zikuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi mbiri yolondola ya kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamafuta, chofunikira kwambiri kwa odwala omwe amadalira insulin posankha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni.

Udindo wa namwino ndikuwonetsetsa kuti odwala akutsatira.

Vidiyo Yopatsa Matenda a shuga

Kupsinjika kwa Maganizo

Anthu ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa nkhawa zakumwa zakumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa, kusuta fodya, kapena kumwa maswiti ambiri.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga sayenera kulandira ufulu. Zizolowezi izi zitha kukhala zowononga thanzi lawo. Panthawi yophunzitsira, akatswiri azamisala amathandizira odwala, amawathandiza kuthana ndi kupsinjika ndikuwabwezeretsa chidwi chawo chamoyo.

Chifukwa chake, chinsinsi cha moyo wachisangalalo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli ndi gulu lalikulu, komanso chidwi ndi chidwi chofuna kuphunzira momwe angawongolere matenda awo.