Gome XE la matenda ashuga 1

Udindo wa endocrinological matenda kasamalidwe, kuwongolera, amatengedwa wowona mankhwalawa matenda a shuga. Zakudya ndi imodzi mwazigawo zazikulu zochizira matendawa. Momwe mungadye ndi shuga moyenera kuti gawo la glycemia likhalabe lolimba komanso kuti thupi lizilandira zakudya zosiyanasiyana? Kuti ayang'anire chakudya, asayansi adapanga zida zopangira mtundu wa 1 wa matenda ashuga okhudza mkate (XE).

Zonse zobisika zogwiritsa ntchito lingaliro la XE mu zakudya zamagulu

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda okhala ndi etiology yosiyana (magwero ake), kutalika kwa ntchito ndi mtundu wa maphunzirowa. Mosasamala za zonsezi, wodwala ayenera kudya zakudya zolimbitsa thupi. Ndi iyo, ndalama zamagetsi ziyenera kufanana ndi kuchuluka kwa zakudya zamafuta ndi kutengera mtundu wa moyo, katundu.

Chidule cha kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu mumapangidwe omwe amaperekedwa mumatafura. Ili ndi magawo angapo (maswiti, ufa ndi nyama, zipatso ndi zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, zamkaka, zakumwa ndi timadziti).

Koma zoletsa zina ndi zochitika zosayembekezereka zilipo, chifukwa:

• Matebulo omwe akuwonetsa magawo a mkate m'mabuku osiyanasiyana (osanenapo za momwe zinthuzo zingakhalire - karoti yaiwisi kapena yophika);
• kusowa kwa kuwerengera kwamphamvu kwa xe, kuyankha kosayembekezereka kwa thupi;
• kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya kapena zakumwa zamagulu omwera popanda kuyambitsa insulin yowonjezera.

Matenda a diabetes 1 omwe ali ndi insulin, nthawi zambiri, achinyamata, ana, omwe ali ndi mavuto amisala amafunikira kuchita jakisoni. Ngakhale pagulu (omvera, chipinda chodyera, ofesi), ambiri samapereka jakisoni pachakudya chilichonse chodyedwa. Panthawi imeneyi, wodwalayo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe sizikusowa kuti zibwezeretsenso XE (masamba, nyama, bowa, mtedza, mbewu, tiyi, khofi wopanda shuga).

Mu nthawi yowulula zimachitika mwadzidzidzi za thupi zimatheka kokha mothandizidwa ndi glucometer (chipangizo choyeza shuga). Mukamachotsa zinthu zomwe zingayambitse kupsa kwamphamvu mu glucose, wodwala amapuma. Pomwe pamabwera chipepeso mwachangu cha kusokonezeka kwa glycemic chifukwa chovulala, kutupa, ndi kusintha kwachilengedwe.

Lingaliro la "magawo a mkate" ndi loyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mukamawerengera zakudya zamagulu azakudya, kuwongolera kunenepa kwambiri. Kusintha kosavuta pakuwerengera kuchuluka ndikuti chiwerengero cha 100 chimachotsedwa kutalika kwa wodwalayo (masentimita). Chowonetsera choyenera komanso cholondola kwambiri chimatsimikiziridwa ndi matebulo, omwe amaganizira zaka, mfundo komanso jenda ya munthu.

Chithandizo cha odwala odwala matenda ashuga chimaphatikizaponso kuwongolera kunenepa kwambiri komanso kuwononga mphamvu za thupi

Kuwerengetsa kumatsimikizira kuti, mukamagwira ntchito zolimbitsa thupi zopepuka, pafupifupi 130 kJ kapena 30.2 kcal imadyedwa (kwa amuna - 32 kcal, akazi - 29 kcal) pa kilogalamu imodzi yakulemera. Ndi ntchito zamaganizo kapena kwakukulu, 200 kJ; 46,5 kcal. Ndi ogwirira ntchito yayikulu, masewera olimbitsa thupi - mpaka 300 kJ; 69.8 kcal.

Kudalira kwachakudya kagawo ka mikate pa mlingo wa insulin

Chakudya cha wodwalayo ndichimodzi mwa njira zomwe thupi limagwirira ntchito molingana ndi maziko a mankhwala a insulin. Anthu odwala matenda ashuga amalimbikitsidwa kusunga diary ya glycemia. Mukamayang'ana zolemba zam'makalata, endocrinologists amadziwa zolakwika zomwe zimachitika kwambiri pakudya:

• Choyamba, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kochuluka kwa magawo a mkate;
• Kachiwiri, chakudya chochuluka cha chakudya chamafuta chimagwera madzulo.

Odwala amafotokoza za kuphwanya kotheratu kwa mankhwala othandizira kudya ndi mantha omwe amabwera chifukwa cha usiku. Amakhulupirira kuti ndikofunikira kukhala ndi glycemic "reserve" (10-11 mmol / l) asanagone.

Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti asamadye mkate madzulo, koma kuti asinthe mlingo wa insulin (yayifupi ndi nthawi yayitali). Kuti muchite izi, kuwonjezera apo mupeze miyeso ingapo usiku, maola atatu aliwonse. Zotsatira zake ziyenera kukhala zopanda malire ndipo zimachepera pang'onopang'ono motsogozedwa ndi timadzi tambiri totalika. Kuchokera pa umboni wa 7-8 mmol / l, maola awiri mutatha chakudya chomaliza, mpaka 5-6 mmol / l - panthawi yodzuka.

Algorithm (mndandanda) wokhudza wodwala matenda ashuga asanafike:

1. kuyeza shuga m'magazi;
2. yeretsani zakudya zam'magazi mu magawo a mkate;
3. lembani muyezo woyenera wa insulin yochepa kapena ya ultrafast (Novorapid, Apidra, Humalog);
4. fufuzani glycemia pambuyo maola 2 (kuwerenga komwe kale kunkaperekedwa sikumveka, popeza zochita za insulin zazifupi sizinafikebe kwathunthu).

Kuwerenga kwa Glucometer masana kumawoneka ngati kwabwinobwino ngati shuga ya shuga ndi 8.0-9.0 mmol / L (maola 2 mutatha kudya)

Kudziwa ngati muli ndi insulin yokwanira ndikosavuta. Kuphatikiza pa masekeli, kamodzi pa sabata, ndikofunikira kuchita zomwe zimadziwika kuti "glycemic" tsiku lililonse. Mwazi wa shuga wamagazi amalembedwa musanadye komanso maola awiri pambuyo pake. Kusanthula kwa kudumpha mu zizindikiro za glucose kumawonetsa nthawi yomwe kuphwanya kunachitika.

Zosiyanasiyana, kutanthauza zakudya zoyipa za odwala matenda ashuga

Matenda a shuga omwe amadziyang'anira pawokha komanso zitsanzo zake

Zakudya zamitundumitundu za odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga - izi zikutanthauza kupezeka m'malo mwa chakudya chamagulu ena. Pankhaniyi, maziko a glycemic sayenera kusinthasintha kwakukulu. Ndizosinthika zamtunduwu zomwe zimatheka mosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito mikate ya mkate.

Kwa muyezo (mtengo wofananira wofanana) anatenga kuchuluka kwazomwe zimapezeka 25 g mkate. Katundu wa chakudya chamafuta sangangokhala chidutswa cha mkate wophika mkate. Ndikofunikira kudziwa unyinji wamalo ake. Mwachitsanzo, 1 XE imakhala ndi lalanje lalifupi kapena galasi (200 ml) mkaka. Kutumizira phala mu 2 tbsp. l kuchokera ku chimanga chosiyanasiyana chimakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa mikate yofanana.

Kusavuta kugwiritsa ntchito matebulo a XE kumachitika chifukwa chakuti wosuta safunika kuyesa zinthu nthawi zonse. Chiwerengero chawo chimawerengeredwa. Mwa izi, mavoliyumu odziwika amagwiritsidwa ntchito (galasi, chidutswa, chidutswa, supuni ndi supuni, yokhala kapena yopanda mawu). Mtundu wapamwamba wa matebulowo umadziwika kuti ndiomwe zimapangidwiranso ntchito (chimanga chowuma, chosemedwa chosakanizidwa ndi masikono, kuchuluka kwa vwende kapena chivwende ndi peel).

Kudya zakudya zamtundu wa French, kumwa mowa kumavulaza munthu wodwala matenda ashuga, ngakhale zinthuzi zitha kuwerengedwa m'magawo a mkate ndikubaya ma hormone pansi pawo. Koma wodwala yemwe amathandizidwa ndi mtundu wa matenda a shuga 1 sangathe okha kudya ndiwo zamasamba, buledi wopanda chimanga, nsomba, nyama, komanso tchizi. Mafuta amalepheretsa insulin kuti ikukulitse mphamvu ya hypoglycemic.

Malangizo osavuta azithandiza odwala matenda ashuga kuti azidya kumene:

• kudumpha chakudya kumakhala koopsa;
• kuchuluka chakudya tsiku lililonse ayenera kukhala ofanana;
• kumwa zakumwa zoledzeretsa, zosagwirizana ndi chakudya, kumachepetsa glycemia, koma kusokoneza chiwindi;
• ngati mungachite masewera olimbitsa thupi mosayembekezereka, zowonjezera zamafuta zimafunika.

Mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza 1 XE (kapu yamadzi achilengedwe opanda zipatso popanda shuga) kuti mulipirire ola limodzi lokayenda monyinyirika, osanyamula katundu. Ndi masewera mwatsatanetsatane ndi zochitika zadzidzidzi, Mlingo wa insulin umawerengedwa, maziko a glycemic amayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse.

1 XE idzakulitsa shuga wam magazi ndi 1.8 mmol / L. Mahomoniwa adzafunika kulipidwa kuchokera ku ½ mpaka 2 mayunitsi. Kuchuluka kwa insulini ofunika kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga kumatengera nthawi ya tsiku. Mu theka loyamba la tsiku, chifukwa cha zochita za kagayidwe kazakudya - pazokwanira, kachiwiri - ochepera.

Chiwerengero chonse cha zipatso patsiku chimagawidwa pawiri (1 XE iliyonse)

Chitsanzo chothandiza cha kuwerengera chakudya chamadzulo

Hafu ya mphamvu za tsiku ndi tsiku mwa anthu osagwirizana ndi zolimba zimalembetsedwa kuchokera kuzinthu zamoto - 15-17 XE. Izi ndi monga: mkate, chimanga, masamba. 2 XE - zipatso.

Pafupifupi magawo ofanana a ma calories otsalawo ndi mapuloteni ndi mafuta. Sawerengedwa m'magawo a mkate. Kugawa kokhazikika kwa zakudya monga chakudya masana kumatengera mtundu wa mankhwala a insulin omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala a 1st. Kamodzi chakudya sayenera kupitirira 7 XE. Chakudya cham'mawa ndi chakudya chamadzulo, 3-4 XE, zakudya zazing'ono zitatu pakati pa chakudya - 6 XE.

Zambiri, nkhomaliro yomwe idakonzeka ipita ku 5.2 XE:

• saladi wa masamba atsopano (tsabola wokoma, tomato) - ½ XE;
• yoyamba ndi msuzi (mbatata, phala kapena vermicelli) - 0,6 XE;
• chachiwiri - nsomba yokazinga ndi masamba (kaloti) - 0,9 XE;
• cheesecake (ufa) - 0,6 XE;
• mafuta opanda kefir - 0,6 XE;
• 50 g mkate wa rye kapena magawo awiri - 2 XE.

Mu mabeleti muli magawo a mbale omwe amakhala ndi mikate. Chakudya chisanachitike masana, magawo 8 a insulin yocheperako adzafunika. Chakudya chamasana chimakhala chokwanira ndi mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya. Chakudyacho chili ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi fiber, mavitamini ndi michere yambiri.

Saladiyo amawokometsera ndi mafuta a masamba, chachiwiri chimawonjezeredwa - kirimu. Omwe akufuna kupanga chakudya chamadzulo pang'ono caloric, tikulimbikitsidwa kukonkha masamba atsopano ndi mandimu, nsomba zadothi popanda kuwonjezera mafuta.

Ndiwothekera kwambiri kwa anthu omwe amadya kunyumba omwe amaphika chakudya pawokha kuti awerengere zigawo za mkate. Osati mu shuga, komanso mu zina zambiri za thupi, mbale zina ndi zida zake zitha kuphatikizidwa kuchokera muzakudya kapena zina.

Wogulitsa chakudya wopindulitsa akuwonetsa pa kuyikapo kapangidwe kake, kuchuluka kwa zopatsa mphamvu ndi mkate. Chosangalatsa chapadera kwa odwala matenda ashuga ndikulemba pagome, moyang'anizana ndi malonda omwe mumawakonda - "safuna kuwerengera kwa XE."