Matenda a shuga amayamba chifukwa cha chibadwa chamunthu komanso zinthu zingapo zosafunikira (kupsinjika, zizolowezi zoipa, moyo wongokhala, kusowa zakudya m'thupi, ndi zina zambiri). Ngati sitikulankhula za kubadwa kumene, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosavuta kupewa matenda kusiyana ndi kungochotsa. Kupewa matendawa ndikofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa matenda ashuga amayenera kuthandizidwa m'moyo wonse wodwala. Pali mitundu iwiri ya matenda ashuga: wodalira insulini (mtundu woyamba) komanso osadalira insulini (mtundu wachiwiri). Matenda a shuga omwe amakhala ndi amayi omwe ali ndi pakati, amakhala okha. Kutengera mtundu wa matenda, njira zamankhwala zingasiyane pang'ono. Izi ndichifukwa cha njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira endocrine matenda.
Udindo wazakudya
Zakudya ndiye maziko a chithandizo cha matenda amtundu uliwonse. Momwe ziyenera kukhalira zovuta kuzitengera mankhwala omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito, zaka za wodwalayo, matenda opatsirana komanso mawonekedwe a matendawa. Nthawi zina, zimakhala zotheka kusintha shuga m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito zoletsa popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, ndi gestational shuga mellitus, mapiritsi ochepetsa shuga amatsutsana, ndipo matenda a metabolism a carrate ndi chifukwa cha kukonza kwa mayi a mtsogolo.
Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe amadwala matenda amtundu wachiwiri kupitilira zakudya ndizofunikira. Matenda a shuga amtunduwu amakula nthawi zambiri mwa anthu azaka zapakati komanso okalamba. Kagayidwe kawo kale kanali kolemala pang'ono, kotero zoletsa pazakudya zimapindulitsa thupi lonse. Zachidziwikire, cholinga chachikulu cha chakudyacho ndikuchepetsa kwakukulu kwa zopatsa mphamvu zomwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito ngati chakudya.
Ndi mankhwala a insulini, zakudya ndizofunikanso, koma mochuluka wodwala amatha kudya zakudya zochepa zomwe amadziwa. Mlingo wosankhidwa bwino wa insulin umakuthandizani kuti muchepetse shuga wamagazi ndi kuchuluka kwa mayunitsi. Kudziwa mndandanda wazogulitsa ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga mwa iwo, mutha kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawo ndikuyitanitsa.
Palibe mankhwala omwe angalowe m'malo mwa zakudya za shuga. Iyenera kuonedwa ngakhale ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chokhazikika.
Mankhwala
Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga, chithandizo chachikulu ndi insulin. Awa ndi mahomoni omwe amalowetsedwa m'thupi la wodwalayo ndipo amateteza kagayidwe kazachilengedwe. Mankhwala amakono ali pafupifupi ofanana ndi insulin yomwe imapangidwa m'thupi la munthu. Poona mlingo woyenera ndi pafupipafupi wa makonzedwe, wodwalayo amachepetsa kwambiri zovuta ndi kudutsika kwa matenda. Chifukwa cha insulin yoyeretsedwa kwambiri, odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amatha kukhala ndi moyo wokwanira, kudya zosiyanasiyana komanso kuchita masewera opepuka.
Ndi matenda omwe amadzimira pawokha a insulini, kufunikira kwa mapiritsi kuti muchepetse shuga kumatsimikiziridwa payekha ndi endocrinologist pachilichonse. Nthawi zina kudya mokhazikika, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono komanso kuwongolera kwa glucose ndikokwanira kuti thanzi la wodwalayo likhale labwinobwino. Koma ngati njirazi sizibweretsa kufunika, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mankhwala. Ndi matenda a shuga a 2, mitundu yayikulu ya mankhwala ndi mapiritsi omwe amachepetsa shuga ya magazi. Amasiyana muzochitika ndipo amasankhidwa malinga ndi kuopsa kwa endocrine pathologies.
Pali mapiritsi okhala ndi njira zotengera thupi la wodwalayo:
- mankhwala omwe amasintha kugwira ntchito kwa kapamba;
- mankhwala omwe amateteza minofu kumverera;
- kuphatikiza njira.
Zonsezi zimapezeka mu mawonekedwe a piritsi, kotero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta pakokha palokha. Ndi madokotala okha omwe angapange chisankho cha momwe angachitire wodwala. Mapiritsi omwewo amathanso kukhudza anthu osiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana, ngakhale zizindikiro za matendawo komanso kuopsa kwa matenda ashuga zikuwoneka ngati zofanana poyamba.
Wodwala kwambiri 2 mtundu wa shuga, wodwala amatha kupatsidwa insulin ndi jakisoni kuti achepetse shuga. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri, koma ngati chithandizo chamankhwala sichisiya zina, simungakane chithandizo chotere. Insulin imapewa zovuta za matendawa ndipo imapangitsa wodwalayo kuti azidwala.
Ndikofunikira kutsatira njira zamankhwala zotchulidwa ndi katswiri. Simungasinthe mlingo wanu kapena kuletsa mankhwalawo musanapume kaye ndi dokotala
Matenda a shuga kwa ana
Tsoka ilo, ndizosatheka kuchiritsa kwathunthu mwana wa matenda a shuga 1, omwe amapezeka ngakhale koyambirira komwe. Koma mothandizidwa ndi insulin mankhwala komanso njira yabwino yokonzekera masana, mutha kukhala wathanzi kwa moyo wanu wonse.
Popereka chithandizo cha ana, ndikofunikira kutsatira mfundo izi:
- onani dongosolo la insulin makonzedwe, mlingo ndi pafupipafupi zomwe ziyenera kusankhidwa ndi ana endocrinologist;
- mupatseni mwana zakudya zamasiku asanu, ndi zoletsa za chakudya zina zomwe zimapangidwa pakudya;
- Nthawi zonse amayang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi pogwiritsa ntchito glucometer imodzi.
Ngakhale atakhala zaka zingati za mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, mavuto onse amagwera pamapewa a makolo. Ayenera kuphunzitsira mwanayo pang'onopang'ono kudziletsa komanso kumufotokozera kufunikira kwa jakisoni, kudya zakudya komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Masewera ovomerezeka ndiofunika kwambiri kwa ana odwala, chifukwa zinthu zing'onozing'ono zolimbitsa thupi zimatha kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi, kusintha metabolism ndikuwongolera kulemera kwa thupi.
Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti ana apirire zoletsa zopatsa thanzi kuposa akulu. Chifukwa chake, kulimbikitsidwa kwamalingaliro a abale ndi abwenzi, komanso kuyimitsidwa kwa zinthu zovulaza ndi maswiti athanzi ndi zipatso ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa iwo.
Mukamasankha chithandizo chamankhwala kwa mwana, ndikofunikira kuti muzikonda kwambiri ma insulini okhala oyera kwambiri komanso apamwamba kwambiri. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta komanso zovuta za matendawa. Chakudya cha mwana yemwe ali ndi matenda ashuga chimatha kukhala osiyanasiyana, komanso zakudya zabwino komanso zopatsa thanzi. Ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kapena kupatula mbale zokhala ndi shuga wosavuta ndikukhala ndi index yayikulu ya glycemic. Maswiti ndikofunikira kuti mwana akhale ndi nkhawa, kuti athe m'malo mochita bwino, zipatso ndi mtedza.
Njira zochizira matendawa koyambira
Nthawi zambiri, ndizosatheka kuchiritsa matenda osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi mankhwala mpaka kalekale. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa matenda amtundu woyamba wa shuga, momwe munthu amafunikira jakisoni wambiri wa insulin. Mutha kukonza mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo ndikuwusamalira kwa nthawi yayitali mothandizidwa ndi zakudya, mankhwala komanso zochita zolimbitsa thupi.
Mothandizidwa ndi chakudya, nthawi zambiri ndimatha kuchiritsa matenda ashuga, omwe amayamba pomwe ali ndi pakati
Kakhalidwe ka matendawa ka nthawi zambiri kamasowa mwana akangobadwa, pokhapokha ngati mayi wam'tsogolo azindikira ndikutsatira zakudya zokhwima. Matenda a shuga a Mtundu Wachiwiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchepa kwa chidwi cha minofu kuti insulin (insulin kukana). Pochotsa vutoli, ndizotheka kutulutsa shuga m'magazi ndikuchepetsa kwambiri zovuta za mitsempha, mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi. Palinso njira zopangira opaleshoni kuti zibwezeretse ntchito za kapamba, koma pakadali pano sizili m'gulu la mankhwalawo ndipo sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri. Mwina mtsogolomo, mothandizidwa ndi kagwiritsidwe kazinthu kena ka beta kapena chifukwa cha njira zina zopangira opaleshoni, ndizotheka kuthana ndi odwala ku matenda awowa kwambiri.
Koma ngati tikulankhula za matenda amtundu 1, ndiye kuti simungakane insulin. Ngakhale kuwongolera kwakanthawi, odwala osavulazidwa ali pachiwopsezo cha kukhala ndi hyperglycemia komanso zovuta zovuta za matendawa. Matenda a shuga a Type 1 popanda chithandizo amakhala ovuta kwambiri ndipo amatha kupha munthu nthawi yochepa.
Mwayi waukulu wamankhwala ochiritsira amadziwika mu odwala omwe adapezeka ndi omwe amatchedwa "prediabetes." Iyi ndi nthawi yomwe kusintha kwakuthwa mu chakudya chama carbohydrate kumayamba kupangika m'thupi, koma matenda ashuga sizikambidwa. Vutoli limadziwika nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso okhudzana ndi glucose ndikuwunika kwazinthu zingapo (kukhalapo kwa C-peptide ndi ma antibodies ake kuma cell a pancreatic beta). Matendawa amakhala ndi zakudya, kukana zizolowezi zolimbitsa thupi komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zambiri kumakuthandizani kuti muzilamulira panthawi yake ndikuletsa kukula kwa matenda ashuga.
Kuchiza ndi wowerengeka azitsamba
Kodi ndingadye chiyani ndi matenda ashuga a 2?Ndikosatheka kuchiza matenda ashuga ndi njira zachikhalidwe zokha, koma zimatha kukhala mankhwala abwino. Musanagwiritse ntchito iliyonse ya iwo, endocrinologist ayenera kufunsidwa, popeza, poyang'ana koyamba, mankhwala osokoneza bongo angayambitse kuvulaza thupi lofooka. Izi zikugwirizana ndi zitsamba zilizonse, mbewu, zipatso, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe kukonzekera kwa infusions, decoctions ndi mowa tinctures kumayenera.
Njira zochizira matenda ashuga zimakhazikitsidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe, zomwe zimatsitsa shuga m'magazi ndikufalitsa matenda a metabolism. Zitsamba zambiri zamankhwala, bowa ndi masamba zimakhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimabwezeretsa chidwi cha minofu ku insulin.
Mutha kuphunzira zambiri za chithandizo cha matenda osokoneza bongo popanda mankhwala, kuphatikizapo wowerengeka azitsamba, kuchokera m'nkhaniyi.
Chithandizo cha mavuto
Palibe pafupifupi chiwalo chomwe sichimakhudza matenda ashuga. Matendawa ndi owopsa chifukwa cha zovuta zake m'matumbo, m'mitsempha, m'maso ndi zinthu zina zofunika mthupi. Komabe, zitha kupewedwa kapena kuchepetsa kwambiri ngozi yomwe imachitika. Chomwe chimapangitsa kupewa matenda obwera ndi shuga ndikusunganso shuga wabwinobwino komanso kutsatira zakudya. Ngati zichitika, ndiye kuti chithandizo chayamba kale, ndiye kuti mwayi wogwiranso ntchito mderalo.
Chimodzi mwazotsatira zoyipa za matenda ashuga ndi matenda ammimba a shuga. Amawopseza ndi gangore, kuduladula miyendo ngakhale kufa ngati kulibe chithandizo chanthawi yake. Zimayamba ndi kumva kugontha, kudzimbidwa kwa mbali zina za miyendo ndikuwoneka ngati zilonda zam'mimba zomwe zimachiritsa bwino komanso kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi zikachitika, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti mupeze chithandizo choyenera.
Chithandizo cha chilonda chimayamba, choyambirira, ndi matenda a shuga m'magazi, chifukwa chizindikiro ichi ndi zotsatira za matenda ashuga. Mothandizana ndi izi, mankhwala am'deralo amakonzedwanso, omwe amakwaniritsa zolinga izi:
- zoletsa matenda;
- kuyeretsa chilondacho m'malo okufa ndi kukongola;
- kuchiritsa kwa bala loyera.
Pachifukwa ichi, mankhwala opha maantibayotiki, amatanthauza kukonza magazi, komanso mankhwala owuma pakhungu angalimbikitsidwe kwa wodwalayo. Anasenda thupi lonse lomwe linali ndi kachilombo, lomwe silingathenso kubwezeretsanso. Pambuyo pake, pazinthu zosabala, chilondacho chimachiritsidwa pang'onopang'ono.
Panthawi yochiritsa zilonda, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira ukhondo ndi ukhondo, chifukwa kutenga kachilomboka kakang'ono kumayambitsa matenda ndikuwonongeka
Chithandizo cha zilonda zam'mimba zokhala ndi njira zina zitha kuchitidwa kokha mwa chilolezo chodwala. Sikuti njira zonsezi ndiabwino komanso zogwirizana ndi mankhwala othandizira. Nthawi yomweyo, mayankho azitsamba zina amakhala ndi antiseptic, kuyanika ndi kuchiritsa, chifukwa chake, kuvomerezedwa ndi katswiri, amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati othandizira chithandizo.
Mavuto ena aliwonse a matenda ashuga (kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe, mavuto a pakhungu, mtima wamitsempha yamagazi) amafunikanso kuthandizidwa mwachangu. Katswiri wopapatiza amayenera kukulemberani mankhwalawa, koma moyang'aniridwa ndi endocrinologist. Izi ndichifukwa choti si mankhwala onse omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiritsa odwala ambiri omwe ali oyenera kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Chifukwa cha shuga wambiri, mtundu wa mankhwalawa umayenera kufikiridwa mosamala kwambiri kuti pasakhumudwitse wodwalayo.
Chithandizo cha matenda ashuga, mosasamala mtundu wa matenda, ziyenera kukhala zokwanira. Zakudya ndi zoletsa zina sizinthu zakanthawi, koma njira yatsopano ya moyo. Kuwona regimen yomwe adalimbikitsa ndi dotolo, mutha kukhala moyo wabwino bwino, ngakhale muli ndi matenda osachiritsika. Wodwala amatha kudziteteza yekha ku zovuta zazikulu za matenda a shuga yekha, kuchitira thanzi lake moyenera.
