Zomwe zimayambitsa imfa kwa odwala matenda a shuga ndi mikwingwirima, aimpso kapena mtima, komanso mavuto opumira. Izi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi ziwerengero.
Ponena za vuto lomalizali, izi ndichifukwa choti minyewa yam'mapapo ndi yopyapyala kwambiri komanso yokhala ndi capillaries ambiri.
Ndipo zikawonongeka, malo ngati amenewa amapangika kuti mwayi wopezeka mu ma cell a chitetezo cha mthupi ndi mpweya ndi zovuta. Zotsatira zake, mtundu wina wa zotupa kapena maselo a khansa amatha kuchitika m'malo otere, omwe thupi silingathe kulimbana nawo chifukwa chosowa. Matenda a shuga ndi matenda am'mapapo ndi njira imodzi yopanda matenda.
Ubale pakati pa matenda
Matenda a shuga samakhudza mwachindunji misewu ya ndege. Koma kupezeka kwake munjira ina iliyonse kumathandizira ntchito ya ziwalo zonse. Chifukwa cha matendawa, kuwonongeka kwa ma capillary network kumachitika, chifukwa chomwe mbali zowonongeka zam'mapapu sizitha kulandira zakudya zokwanira, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka m'boma komanso ntchito yopuma kunja.
Nthawi zambiri, odwala ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- hypoxia iyamba;
- kupuma kwamiseche kumachitika;
- mphamvu yamapapo imachepa.
Matenda a shuga akapezeka mwa odwala, kufooka kwa chitetezo chathupi kumawonedwa nthawi zambiri, komwe kumakhudza nthawi yayitali ya matendawa.
Chifukwa cha chibayo, pali kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa shuga m'magazi, zomwe zimachulukitsa shuga. Vutoli likapezeka, matenda awiri amayenera kuchitidwa nthawi imodzi.
Chibayo
Chibayo mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ndi chifukwa cha matenda opumira.
Kufalikira kwa tizilomboti kumachitika ndi ma droplets. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa glucose m'magazi a anthu, mikhalidwe yabwino imapangidwa kuti kulowetsedwa kwa matenda osiyanasiyana mthupi.
Chibayo
Chizindikiro cha chibayo mu shuga ndi hypotension, komanso kusintha kwa malingaliro a munthu. Mwa odwala ena, Zizindikiro zonse za matendawa ndi zofanana ndi zizindikiro za kupuma kwapafupipafupi.
Mu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi hyperglycemia, pulmonary edema imatha kuchitika. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti ma capillaries a chiwalo amakhala ovomerezeka kwambiri, chitetezo cha mthupi chimafookeranso kwambiri, ndipo ntchito ya macrophages ndi neutrophils imasokonekera.
Ngati chibayo chikupezeka mu odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga, zizindikiro zotsatirazi za matendawa zimawonedwa:
- kutentha kwambiri kwa thupi mpaka madigiri 38, pomwe pamatha kukhala kutentha thupi (ndikofunika kudziwa kuti mu odwala okalamba mulibe kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa thupi, ndipo izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti thupi lawo limafooka kwambiri);
- chifuwa chowuma, pang'onopang'ono chimasanduka chonyowa (ndi kutsokomola kwambiri m'dera lamapapo, kupweteka kumatha kuchitika;
- kuzizira;
- kupweteka mutu kwambiri;
- kupuma movutikira
- kusowa kudya kwathunthu;
- chizungulire pafupipafupi;
- kusapeza bwino kwa minofu;
- kutopa.
Nthawi zambiri, odwala matenda ashuga, kuwonongeka kumunsi kwamapapu kumachitika, ndipo chifuwa cha matenda ashuga chotere sichitha kwina kupitirira masiku 60.
Katemera wothandiza kwambiri wa chibayo ndi katemera:
- ana aang'ono (mpaka zaka 2);
- odwala omwe ali ndi matenda osachiritsika monga: matenda a shuga ndi mphumu;
- odwala omwe ali ndi chitetezo chowopsa m'matenda monga: kachilombo ka HIV, khansa, komanso chemotherapy;
- Akuluakulu omwe gulu lawolo limaposa zaka 65.
Katemera amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi otetezeka chifukwa alibe mabakiteriya amoyo. Palibe mwayi wokhala ndi chibayo pambuyo poma Katemera.
Chifuwa chachikulu
Matenda a chifuwa chachikulu nthawi zambiri amakhala amodzi mwa zovuta kwambiri za matenda ashuga. Amadziwika kuti odwalawa amakhudzidwa ndi matendawa nthawi zambiri kuposa enawo, ndipo amuna azaka za 20 mpaka 40 ndi omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri.
Chifuwa chachikulu
Njira yayikulu ya chifuwa chachikulu imachitika mu odwala matenda ashuga chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa kagayidwe kachakudya komanso kutsika kwa chitetezo chathupi. Matenda awiriwa omwe amawaganizira amakhudzana. Chifukwa chake, ndi njira yovuta ya matenda ashuga, chifuwa chachikulu chidzakhala chachikulu. Ndipo, nayenso, amathandizira kuti pakhale zovuta zingapo za matenda ashuga.
Nthawi zambiri, chifuwa chachikulu chimakulolani kudziwa kukhalapo kwa matenda ashuga, kuopsa kwake mthupi kumaonjezera zizindikiro za matenda ashuga. Amazipeza, monga lamulo, kuyezetsa magazi kwakanthawi ka shuga.
Zizindikiro zoyambirira za kupezeka kwa chifuwa chachikulu cha matenda a shuga mellitus:
- dontho lakuthwa;
- kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro za matenda ashuga;
- kufooka kosalekeza;
- kusowa kapena kusowa kwa chakudya.
Mankhwala, pali malingaliro ambiri osiyanasiyana okhudza za chifuwa chachikulu cha odwala matenda ashuga.
Komabe, palibe chifukwa chotsimikizika, chifukwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimatha kuyambitsa kuoneka ndi chitukuko cha matendawa:
- kutopa chifukwa cha matenda ashuga;
- nthawi yayitali kuwonongeka kwa kagayidwe kachakudya njira;
- chopinga cha phagocytosis ndi lakuthwa kufooka kwa immunobiological zimatha thupi;
- kusowa kwa mavitamini;
- matenda osiyanasiyana a thupi ndi machitidwe ake.
Anthu odwala matenda ashuga omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu akuchipatala amathandizidwa m'maphunziro a chifuwa chachikulu.
Asanapereke chithandizo chofunikira, a chipatala amafunika kuwunika zambiri zokhudza momwe thupi limakhalira: zomwe zimapezeka pa matenda a endocrine, mlingo, komanso nthawi yakumwa mankhwala a antidiabetes, kupezeka kwa zovuta zingapo za matenda ashuga, chiwindi ndi impso.
Konda
Khunyu ndi kutukusira kwamapapu am'mapapu.
Amachitika pamene zolembera zipangika pamaso pawo, zopangidwa ndi zinthu zowola za magazi m'magazi (fibrin), kapena chifukwa chodzikundikira madzi mumapulaneti amtundu wina.
Amadziwika kuti nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika mu matenda ashuga. Kudwala matenda ashuga nthawi zambiri kumachitika kachiwirinso ndipo ndimavuto ovuta a m'mapapo.
Mankhwala, pali mitundu ina ya matenda:
- serous.
- zodandaula.
- serous hemorrhagic.
- purulent.
- aakulu
Monga lamulo, matendawa amakula chifukwa cha zovuta za m'mapapo. Mu odwala matenda ashuga, maphunziro ake ndiwowopsa komanso opita patsogolo msanga.
Kukhalapo kwa pleurisy kumadziwika ndi izi:
- kuwonongeka lakuthwa konsekonse;
- malungo;
- kupweteka pachifuwa, komanso m'dera lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi matendawa;
- thukuta;
- kupuma movutikira.
Kuchiza kwa njira yopanda pur purosesa ya shuga kapangidwe ka shuga kumachitika makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopumira. Pachifukwa ichi, antibacterial therapy, ukhondo wa mtengo wa bronchial, ndi detoxification amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Chithandizo chotere ndichothandiza kwambiri ndipo chimakupatsani mwayi woti mukwaniritse zotsatira zomwe mumayembekezera.
Maantibayotiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza pleurisy.
Mu mtundu wamafungo amilandu okodzetsa, chithandizo cha opaleshoni chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Pankhaniyi, chithandizo chosasamala sichingapereke zotsatira zomwe zingafunike, sizingachiritse wodwala ku mtundu woopsa wa matenda.
Opaleshoni imachitidwa mu dipatimenti yapadera yamankhwala ndipo, monga lamulo, njira zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- ngalande yotseguka;
- kudziletsa;
- thoracoplasty.
Kupewa
Pali njira zingapo zopewera matenda am'mapapo mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga:
- kuyang'anira shuga wamagazi nthawi zonse kumafunika. Kusamalira pafupipafupi zizindikiro pafupifupi nthawi 10 kumachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa capillaries;
- kuyesedwa kwapadera pogwiritsa ntchito ultrasound ya kukhalapo kwa kuwundana kwamagazi pazitseko zamitsempha yamagazi. Kutulutsa kwa capillaries kumachitika chifukwa exfoliation yamagazi magazi kapena makulidwe a magazi. Pofuna kuchepetsa mamasukidwe ake, ndizomveka kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera potengera acetylsalicylic acid. Komabe, popanda kufunsa dokotala, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa sikuloledwa;
- zolimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi (zolimbitsa thupi) komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse;
- kuyenda kwakanthawi mlengalenga kumathandizanso kupewa. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kusiyiratu chikonga, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya woyeretsa m'chipindacho.
Makanema okhudzana nawo
Pazakukula kwa chifuwa chachikulu cha m'mapapo mu shuga mu kanema:
Matenda am'mapapo omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amatha kusokoneza wodwalayo nthawi zina, ngakhale pamavuto ena amatha. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zodzitetezera kuti zisachitike. Izi zimachitika makamaka kwa odwala matenda ashuga, chifukwa chifukwa cha kupezeka kwawo, thupi limakhala lofooka ndipo limakonda kutenga matenda.
