Kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi mu shuga mellitus: zotsatira, mankhwala ndi mfundo zaumoyo

Cholesterol amagwira ntchito monga wopanga maselo mthupi la munthu, popanda moyo wathanzi osatheka, malinga ndi momwe kuchuluka kwa zinthuzi m'magazi sikuphwanya zoyenera zaka.

Zomwe zingayambitse cholesterol yowonjezereka mwa anthu, aliyense amadziwa.

Koma ndizotani zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha cholesterol yayikulu mwa odwala matenda ashuga, zotengera zomwe zimadwala kale shuga.

Cholesterol ndi shuga m'magazi - pali ubale?

Ubale pakati pa cholesterol ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kwadziwika kwa nthawi yayitali ndi madokotala. Koma kwanthawi yayitali sakanatha kufotokoza momwe kudalirana kumadalira. Monga momwe pambuyo pake, zimayambitsidwa ndi zovuta za metabolic mthupi la munthu.

Shuga wambiri m'magazi amatsogolera pakupanga mafuta ndi cholesterol yoyipa, yomwe imaphatikizapo kuwonjezeka kwa zinthu zomwe zingayambitse matenda ashuga.

Mapangidwe a cholesterol amakula motere:

• shuga wambiri amatsogolera ku insulin kukaniza maselo, omwe amathandizira kumverera kwanjala. Pakufunika kukhutitsa thupi. Chifukwa cha kudya kwambiri m'thupi, mafuta ochulukirapo amadziunjikira;
• insulin yosadziwika imakhudzanso ma enzyme a chiwindi, omwe pakati pawo ndi omwe kuphatikiza kolesterol sikungatheke. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumawonedwa m'magazi;

Zikhalidwe za amuna ndi akazi malinga ndi zaka

Kukhala ndi thanzi laumunthu kumalumikizidwa mosiyanasiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndi shuga m'magazi. Chizindikiro ichi chikuyenda bwino, munthu angamve bwino.

Cholesterol amaika m'mitsempha yamagazi

Kafukufuku adachitika komwe kudawonetsa kudalira kwa cholesterol pazaka mosiyana kwa amuna ndi akazi. Kufunika kwa njirayi kukufotokozedwa chifukwa chakuti ndi zaka, zisonyezo zimatenga mitundu yosiyanasiyana yaimuna ndi yachikazi.

Kuyambira pa kubala mpaka nthawi ya kusintha kwa thupi, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yamagazi mwa akazi kumayendetsedwa ndi mahomoni a estrogen, ndiye, pazaka 50+, zimayamba kukula.

Kuphatikiza pa izi, zina zitha kusintha zina, mwachitsanzo:

1. kusinthasintha kwa nyengo kumabweretsa kuti nthawi yophukira-yophukira, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol mwa akazi kumatha kupatuka kwawamba, pafupifupi, ndi 3%;
2. ndi kusamba kwa msambo mothandizidwa ndi mahomoni ogonana, kupatuka uku kumayandikira 8-10%;
3. Mimba imapereka gawo, ndipo kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndi 15% kumawerengedwa kale kuti ndi kwabwino;
4. matenda ena, m'malo mwake, amatsogolera kutsika kwa cholesterol, ndipo izi ndi: matenda oopsa, angina pectoris, matenda opumira kwambiri, zotupa zoyipa.

Mwa amuna pambuyo pa zaka 50, mafuta m'thupi amachepetsa.

Zina mwazofunikira za cholesterol yathunthu ya akazi (mmol / l):

• mpaka zaka 10 - 2.26 - 5.30;
• kuyambira wazaka 10-30 - 3.21 - 5.75;
• kuyambira wazaka 40-45 - 3.81 - 6.53;
• kuyambira wazaka 50-65 - 4.20 - 7.69;
• wamkulu kuposa zaka 70 - 4.48 - 7.25.

Zina mwazofunikira za cholesterol yathunthu ya amuna (mmol / l)

• mpaka zaka 10 - 2.95-5.25;
• kuyambira wazaka 10-15 - 3.08-5.23;
• kuyambira wazaka 15-20 - 2.91-5.10;
• kuyambira wazaka 25-45 - 3.44-6.94;
• kuyambira wazaka 50-65 - 4.09-7.17;
• pambuyo pa zaka 70 - 3.73-6.86.

Zowopsa komanso zothandiza

Popanda cholesterol, mahomoni sangathe kupanga, vitamini D amapangidwa, ma enzymes omwe amathandizira kugaya chakudya.

Gawo la cholesterol lomwe thupi lathu limatulutsa ndilokwanira kukwaniritsa zosowa zathupi. Kuphatikiza apo, cholesterol imalowetsedwa ndi chakudya.

Kusinthana kwa cholesterol m'thupi

Kuyenda kwa cholesterol kudzera mu ziwiya zamagetsi kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi lipoprotein - maofesi ang'onoang'ono, omwe mkati mwake muli mafuta (lipids), ndi kunja - mapuloteni (mapuloteni). Ma lipoprotein onse amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: kachulukidwe (HDL) ndi kotsika (LDL).

Lipoprotein yotsika kwambiri imawonedwa kuti ndi yoyipa. Imakhala yopanda madzi. Kuchulukitsa kwakukulu kwa LDL m'magazi kumabweretsa mapangidwe a cholesterol plaques. Mosiyana ndi izi, lipoprotein yapamwamba kwambiri imawonedwa kuti ndi yofunika.

Ntchito yake ndikusonkhanitsa ndikupereka cholesterol ku chiwindi kuti ikonzenso ndikuchotsa pambuyo pake m'thupi. Imasungunuka kwambiri m'madzi ndipo simatulutsa.

Kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa m'madzi a m'magazi kumabweretsa kuwonekera kwa mtima, motero ndikofunikira kwambiri kotero kuti magazi ake amakhala abwinobwino nthawi zonse.

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoyipa m'magazi kumakhala ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Kwa akazi, zimakhala mkati mwa 1.9 mmol / l, ndipo kwa amuna - 0,85 mmol / l.

High cholesterol yamtundu 1 ndi mtundu 2 shuga mellitus

Ndi chitukuko cha matenda ashuga, magazi a anthu amapeza katundu wina: amayamba kumamatira limodzi. Njirayi imalepheretsa kudutsa kwa lipids yaulere, yomwe imawonjezera kuwonjezeka kwa nthawi yomwe amafalikira m'magazi.

Pamaso pa mitsempha yamagazi (endothelium) imakhala yopunduka chifukwa cha shuga wowonjezera. Lipid yokhazikika imamatirira kumadera opunduka ndikupanga magulu omwe amachepetsa lumen.

Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndi shuga kumayambitsa kupitilira kwa matenda ashuga a shuga. Nthendayi imakhudza kamvekedwe ka mitsempha yonse yamagazi, yayikulu komanso yaying'ono.

Chifukwa chake, cholesterol iyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse ndikuwunikidwa nthawi zonse. Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 amodzi omwe amayang'anira kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, palibe kuwonjezeka kwa cholesterol. Koma chithunzi chosiyana kotheratu chimayamba mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga a 2.

Ngati kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumachitika mwa apo ndi apo mwa odwala oterowo, kuwonjezereka kwa cholesterol kwathunthu, lipoproteins yotsika (LDL), lipoproteins yotsika kwambiri ndi triglycerides idzadziwika.

Nthawi yomweyo, mulingo wa lipoprotein wokwera kwambiri (LDL) komanso lipoprotein kwambiri udzachepa.

Mpweya wocheperako wa antigenic lipids umatha kulephera kuthana ndi kukwera kwa cholesterol yoyipa. Zotsatira zake, njira za atherosclerotic m'matumbo zimapita patsogolo, kutsekeka kwake (kutsekeka) kudzatsogolera ku hypoxia ya zimakhala zofunikira, ma dystrophy awo komanso ngakhale necrosis imayamba. Kwa odwala matenda ashuga okhala ndi cholesterol yayikulu, iyi ndi njira yachindunji yopatsira matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko.

Hypocholesterolemia mu odwala matenda ashuga

Kuti magawo onse azigwira ntchito moyenera, payenera kukhala cholesterol yokwanira. Nthawi zina amakumana ndi zoterezi pomwe cholesterol yokwanira imapangidwa m'thupi la munthu, ndipo hypocholesterolemia imachitika.

Zizindikiro zake ndi: kusowa kudya kwathunthu, kumva kufooka m'minyewa, kuzimiririka, kutupa kwa m'mimba, komanso kunenepa kwam'mimba. Hypocholesterolemia ndiowopsa pazotsatira zake, zoopsa kwambiri zomwe ndi kugwedezeka kwa hemorrhagic.

Ngati machitidwe onse amthupi samalandira gawo lofunikira, ndiye kuti gawo loperewera limapangidwa m'thupi:

• mahomoni ofunikira monga testosterone, estrogen, cortisol;
• Vitamini D, yofunikira pakupanga zamchere zomwe zimapanga maziko a bile, popanda izi ndizosatheka kugaya mafuta;
• digestibility ya mavitamini a magulu A, E, K, kutsutsana ndi chitukuko cha oncology, matenda a mtima, kupsinjika kumachepa.

Ndi chithandizo chake, maselo amatetezedwa ku ma radicals aulere, kamvekedwe ka minofu, manjenje, matumbo, komanso minofu ya mafupa amasungidwa.

Kodi chiwopsezo cha cholesterol yayikulu ndi chiyani?

Ngati mulingo wa cholesterol m'mwazi ukadali wokhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali, hypercholesterolemia imachitika. Izi sizoyambitsa matenda, koma zonena zowona zomwe zimakwiyitsa chitukuko cha atherosclerosis.

Ndipo nthawi zambiri, hypercholesterolemia imagwirizanitsidwa mosiyanasiyana ndi matenda a shuga a 2.Hypercholesterolemia imatha kupezeka kokha ndikamayezetsa magazi mu labotale ya cholesterol.

Gawo Atherosulinosis

Koma mawonetseredwe ena akunja a chinthuchi, omwe akuphatikizira xanthomas (mabatani m'dera la tendons pakhungu), xanthelasma (mikwingwirima yachikaso pansi pa khungu la eyelids), komanso m'malo mwa cornea - lipoid arc (mkondo m'mphepete mwa cornea) sayenera kungokhala akuchenjeza, komanso kusintha chikhalidwe chawo pakudya.

Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, kuchuluka kwa odwala omwe amalemba cholesterol yambiri ya plasma kumafika pa 77%. Chifukwa chachikulu chowonjezeka cha LDL, asayansi amatcha chibadwa chobadwa nawo.

Kuchulukana komanso kukula kwa lipoproteins yotsika kumakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa triglycerides m'magazi a odwala matenda ashuga.

Hypertriglyceridemia imatsogolera kukuwonjezeka kwa zomwe zili zazing'onoting'ono komanso zowuma za LDL, zomwe zimatha kukhala glycosylated. Posachedwa, chidwi chochulukirapo chimalipiridwa pamlingo wa triglycerides. M'mitsempha yama coronary, iwo amawonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi atherosulinosis.

Kuphatikiza mankhwala ndi insulin ndi sulfonylurea kukonzekera motsutsana ndi maziko a kunenepa kwambiri kungayambitse kuchepa kwa ndende ya triglyceride, koma nthawi zina. Kwenikweni, ngakhale ndi kukula kwa glycemia, mulingo wa triglycerides umakhalabe wokwera.

Chizindikiro cholesterol chowonjezereka chimatsogolera ku mawonekedwe a:

• kuthamanga (matenda oopsa);
• mtima matenda;
• mtundu 2 shuga;
• atherosulinosis yamitsempha yamagazi;
• sitiroko;
• kapamba
• vuto la mtima.

Uwu ndi mndandanda wa matenda ofala kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, cholesterol yayikulu ndiye chifukwa chachikulu, chomwe chimatsogolera pakupanga matenda a impso, hypothyroidism, khansa ya kapamba.

Njira zodziwonera zasayansi ndi "kunyumba"

Onaninso kuchuluka kwa cholesterol pochita kuyezetsa magazi kwa chizindikiro ichi. Njirayi iyenera kukonzedwa kuti ipewe zolakwika pakuzindikira. Zotsatira zake zimatha kukhudzidwa ndi zinthu monga kudya m'maola 12 omaliza musanayambe mayeso a labotale, kumwa mowa, mitundu ina ya mankhwala, ndi kusuta.

Zakudya zamafuta ndi zowotcha siziyenera kupatula masiku atatu lisanachitike kusanthula. Pozindikira, pali njira zingapo zoyezetsa magazi a ma lablesterol.

Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira yodziwitsa za matenda. Pambuyo maola ochepa, wodwalayo amalandira zotsatirazo padzanja lamakalata, momwe ziwonetsero za kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, komanso zigawo zake, zimasonyezedwera.

Zizindikiro ziyenera kutsatira zomwe zimachitika:

• okwanira - mpaka 5.2 mg / mmol;
• chothandiza - osachepera 1.1 mg / mmol;
• zovulaza - zosaposa 3.5 mg / mmol.

Ubwino wa kusantaku ndikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa magawo onse a lipoprotein, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika zaumoyo.

Kusanthula kumeneku kumalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu onse, ngakhale munthu akudwala kapena ayi. Athandiza anthu athanzi kuti asinthe zakudya zawo.

Cholesterol imatha kuyezedwa kunyumba. Pazomwezi, ma cholesterol a compact amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi ndi zida zopenda zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mfundo za glucometer. Chidacho chimakhala ndi timiyeso tothira mankhwala omwe amaphatikizika ndi mafuta m'thupi.

Chifukwa cha kukumbukira kwakumbidwa, zotsatira za muyeso zomwe zingafanizidwe ndikuwunika zimatha kupulumutsidwa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zitheke nthawi iliyonse kudziwa kuti cholesterol ili pati m'thupi ndipo ngati pali zowonjezera zomwe mumavomerezeka, ndiye kuti muchitepo kanthu panthawi yake.

Momwe mungachepetse mwachangu?

Kuti muchepetse cholesterol ya magazi mwachangu, muyenera kusintha zina ndi zina m'moyo wanu.

Zoyenera kutsitsa cholesterol ndi:

• kusintha kwa zakudya;
• Kuchotsa kwathunthu zizolowezi zoipa, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kusuta, kusiya mowa;
• kukulitsa chizolowezi chatsopano chathanzi chomwe chikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi masewera;
• kuchita kutulutsa zamaganizidwe (kusinkhasinkha).

Malangizo onse omwe ali pamwambawa amagwira ntchito kwa anthu omwe sanatchulidwe ma pathologies pantchito ya chiwindi, impso, endocrine system. Pamaso pa matenda omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kusokonezeka kwa shuga kagayidwe kachakudya, ndi kusayenda kwa ndulu kapena vuto lolephera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kupirira vutoli ndipo mankhwala owonjezera amayenera kulumikizidwa.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Mankhwala angapo apangidwa omwe amakhudza kayendedwe kazinthu zingapo m'thupi la munthu panthawi yopanga cholesterol.

Dzina lodziwika bwino la mankhwalawa ndi ma statins. Mukamatenga ma statins, pafupipafupi zovuta za mtima zimachepa, ndipo kufa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi atherosulinosis kumachepa.

Amatengedwa kwa nthawi yayitali moyang'aniridwa ndi adokotala. Ndi mawonekedwe a zoyipa kapena kuphipha kwa minofu, adokotala amadziwitsidwa nthawi yomweyo. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kumayesedwa ndi kusanthula kwa kolesterol yake.

Ngati pali kuphwanya cholesterol (pamaso pa matenda a shuga), tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito Lipantil 200 M kapena Tricor. Mukamamwa mankhwalawa, kukula kwa zovuta zomwe matenda a shuga amabweretsa. Izi zimachotsanso uric acid mthupi.

Lipantil mapiritsi 200 M

Iwo ali osavomerezeka kuti atenge ndi matenda a ndulu, komanso ziwonetsero za thupi za mtedza. Mankhwala amphamvu komanso ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri amaphatikizapo ma statins Atomax, Liprimar, Torvakard, ndi ena.

Kuchepetsa msanga cholesterol yayikulu kwambiri, mankhwala angapo aposachedwa kwambiri omwe apangidwa ndi rosuvastatin apangidwa, mlingo wocheperako womwe umapereka zotsatira zabwino. Izi ndi monga: Rosucard, Rosulip, Tevastor, Krestor, ndi zina zambiri.

Zithandizo za anthu

Pofuna kuchepetsa cholesterol, decoctions a mankhwala azitsamba amatengedwa. Mankhwalawa amadziwika kuti ndi otetezeka.

Zithandizo za anthu zimapereka zotsatira zabwino kuphatikiza ndi zakudya:

• Maluwa owuma a linden amapunthira mu ufa ndikukatenga 1 tsp katatu patsiku. kwa masiku 30 ndi madzi. Kenako pumulani kwa milungu iwiri, ndipo maphunzirowo abwerezedwa;
• m'dzinja, zipatso zatsopano zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu 5 zimadyedwa mu 1 kamodzi katatu patsiku kwa masiku anayi. Pambuyo pa sabata, zonse zimabwerezedwanso;
• yarrow (20 g) amasakanikirana ndi wort ya St. John (20 g) ndi arnica (10 g), kutsanulira theka la lita imodzi ya madzi otentha pang'ono ndipo utayamba kuzizira, tengani kulowetsedwa masana;
• ithandiza kuthana ndi cholesterol Indian zonunkhira turmeric, omwe amakonzekera "mkaka wagolide". Choyamba, turmeric ufa amasandulika kukhala phala, chifukwa cha 2 tbsp. l nthaka turmeric imasakanizidwa ndi kapu imodzi yamadzi ndipo, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yofooka, sungani kutentha pang'ono kwa mphindi pafupifupi 10, kenako lolani phala lizizire ndikutumiza mufiriji. Gwiritsani ntchito ngati pakufunika.

Chakumwa cha turmeric chimakonzedwa motere: 1 ora limamizidwa mkaka ofunda.l turmeric, gwedezani ndi kumwa nthawi yomweyo. Chithandizo chikuchitika tsiku lililonse kwa mwezi umodzi.

Kuphatikiza ndi uchi, turmeric imathandiza kwambiri motsutsana ndi matenda a shuga. Mwa izi, 1 tsp. turmeric, uchi ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta ginger timawonjezera pa kapu ya tiyi wamba. Ichi ndi chakumwa chochiritsa, chimatsuka m'mitsempha yamagazi ndikuthandizira kusintha shuga.

Zakudya zothandiza komanso malamulo opatsa thanzi

Ndi matenda a cholesterol okwera mu shuga, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa zakudya zanu.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta azinyama komanso masamba azakudya zomwe zimapatsidwa hydrogenated (margarine) ziyenera kuthetsedwa.

Muyezo wamafuta patsiku la munthu wamkulu umawerengedwa kuti ndi 70 g, pomwe 20 g (1 tbsp) amapatsidwa gawo laling'ono la mafuta. 50 g ya kuchuluka kwathunthu kumawerengedwa ndi mafuta athanzi opanda mafuta, omwe amapezeka mumafuta a masamba, mtedza, ndi nsomba zam'nyanja.

Palibe amene amafuna kuti kuthetsedwe kwamafuta okwanira, muyenera kungochepetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amamwa, ndiye kuti, sinthani ku zinthu zomwe zili ndi mafuta ochepa: nyama yopanda mkaka, mkaka wopanda mafeni. Ndikwabwino kusiya kwathunthu nyama zopakidwa (soseji), kuchepetsa makeke, maswiti.

Zakudya zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa cholesterol ndizophatikiza:

• tomato (ndi makapu awiri okha a madzi a phwetekere patsiku, mutha kusintha chisonyezo cha cholesterol pofika chakhumi);
• kaloti (mothandizidwa ndi zidutswa ziwiri patsiku kwa miyezi iwiri, cholesterol imachepetsedwa ndi 15%);
• adyo watsopano (alibe wolingana pakugwiritsa ntchito ziwiya zoyeretsa);
• nandolo (makapu amodzi ndi theka patsiku la chophika chophika ichi pamwezi zidzatsogolera kutsika kwa LDL ndi 20%);
• mtedza (60 g ya mtedza patsiku, ndipo kuchuluka kwa LDL kumatsitsidwa ndi 7%, ndipo okwanira ndi 5%);
• nsomba zamafuta (mafuta omega3 osakanizidwa amafuta omwe ali mmenemo amathandizira mitsempha yamagazi ku cholesterol yowonjezera).

Kanema wothandiza

Mfundo zophatikiza ndi shuga wambiri wamagazi ndi cholesterol yamagazi:

Zikakhala ndi thanzi, nthawi zambiri zimadalira munthu payekha. Ngati muli ndi cholesterol yayikulu ndi matenda a shuga, ndiye kuti izi zidzangokulitsa matendawa.

Pankhaniyi, ndi nthawi yoti musamalire nokha ndi kulumikizana ndi njira yolingalira komanso moyo wabwino. Pothokoza, mudzalandira zaka zambiri zaumoyo.