Rinsulin nph - malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito

Matenda a shuga ndi matenda oyipa omwe amaphwanya miyoyo ya anthu ambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Sikuti amangoletsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zovomerezeka kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito, komanso zimachepetsa moyo, komanso zimabweretsa ziletso zofunika zokhudzana ndi moyo wa munthu.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira ngati mukupeza matendawa zikuwonekera, ndikofunikira kulumikizana ndi katswiri, pokhapokha mwa njira imeneyi mutha kuchita zomwe zingathandize kuti mukhale ndi vuto la wodwalayo komanso kuthana ndi matendawa mtsogolo.

Rinsulin NPH ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamaso pa mtundu 1 wa matendawa, koma mankhwalawa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zina. Tiyeni tiwone bwino.

Mankhwala

Ndikofunika kutchula nthawi yomweyo kuti rinsulin NPH ndi insulin yaumunthu, yomwe idatengedwa ndi asayansi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje amakono omwe amagwirizana ndi kubwezeretsanso DNA. Insulin iyi imakonda kutchedwa njira, yomwe imadziwika ndi nthawi yayitali yochita.

Mukamamwa, zinthu zomwe zimayamba kugwira ntchito zimayamba kulumikizana ndi ma receptor omwe amapezeka kunja kwa maselo. Chifukwa chake, mapangidwe a insulin receptor tata amachitika, omwe amakupatsani mwayi wolimbikitsira njira zosiyanasiyana mkati mwa maselo.

Mphamvu ya rinsulin NPH imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutengeka kwa glucose, komanso kusintha kwa mayamwidwe ake. Zomwe zimakupatsaninso zimakulimbikitsani kuti mulimbikitse glycogenogeneis ndi lipogeneis. Kupanga kwa shuga ndi chiwindi, kuthamanga kwake kumachepa.

Nthawi yomwe yatchulidwa kale ya rinsulin NPH ndi yotere chifukwa chodalira kuchuluka kwa mayeso a malo a jakisoni ndi Mlingo wovomerezeka.

Akatswiri amati mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imayamba kuwonekera pafupifupi maola 1.5-2 pambuyo pobweretsa khungu. Ponena za kuchuluka kwake, zidzakwaniritsidwa pafupifupi maola 4, ndipo zotsatira zake zidzayamba kufooka patatha masiku 0.5 mutangoyendetsa. Kutalika kwa vutoli kuli mpaka maola 24.

Momwe mayamwidwe ndi kukwanira kwathunthu kwathunthu zimadalira komwe rinsulin NPH imayambitsidwa, komanso muyezo ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe. Zizindikiro zonsezi ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi dokotala wanu, palibe chifukwa chomwe mungadzifotokozere nokha za matenda awa, izi zitha kukupatsani.

Izi sizimafalikira mofananirana minyewa yonse, ndipo kudzera mu zotchinga, komanso mkaka wa m'mawere, sizilowa konse. Kuwonongeka kwa zinthu kumachitika impso ndi chiwindi, pomwe chimbudzi chambiri chimatengedwa ndi impso.

Izi ndizowonetsa zazikuluzikulu zogwiritsa ntchito rinsulin NPH, yomwe wopanga:

1. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga;
2. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda ashuga, womwe umakhala nthawi yoti kukana mankhwalawa amawonedwa komanso kukana pang'ono ngakhale mankhwala omwewo kungatheke ngati chithandizo chovuta chikuchitika;
3. Mtundu wachiwiri wa matenda a shuga omwe umayamba mwa amayi apakati.

Nazi zifukwa zazikulu:

• Kukhalapo kwa hypoglycemia;
• Kuzindikira kwamunthu aliyense pazinthu zilizonse za mankhwala zomwe mukufunsidwa kapena ngakhale insulin.

Tcherani khutu! Palibe chifukwa chomwe muyenera kuyamba kumwa mankhwalawa osafunsira kwa katswiri, chifukwa rinsulin NPH imatha kuvulaza thanzi lanu ngati siligwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sikofunikira. Ndipo zowonadi, matenda onse ayenera kuthandizidwa mozama kwambiri, makamaka matenda ashuga!

Kodi ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito mukamayamwa?

Kuganizira momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito izi kapena mankhwalawa panthawi yomwe muli ndi pakati ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Nthawi yomweyo, tazindikira kuti rinsulin NPH imaloledwa kutengedwa nthawi imeneyi, chifukwa, monga tanena kale, zinthu zomwe zimagwira m'thupi sizingadutse muchotsekera cha placental. Akatswiri amati ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi pakati pamaso pa matenda a shuga, ndikofunikira kuti mankhwalawa athandizidwe kwambiri (nenani izi ndi katswiri).

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti nthawi yoyambirira ya kubereka, kusowa kwa mkazi kwa insulin kumachepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo pakupita nthawi yonse yomwe amabwerera zakale zake.

Ponena za kubadwa pakokha komanso nthawi yoyamba pambuyo pake, ndiye kuti panthawiyi kufunika kwa insulin kumachepetsedwa, koma kubwereranso ku Mlingo wamba kumachitika mwachangu. Palibenso zoletsa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi njira yochizira poyamwitsa, chifukwa zigawo za rinsulin NPH sizingalowe mkaka wa m'mawere.

Malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito

Mankhwalawa amatha kuperekedwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo mlingo uyenera kusankhidwa payekha wodwalayo atakumana ndi maphunziro angapo omwe akuwonetsedwa ndi katswiri.

Ponena za zinthu zomwe zingakhudze kutsimikiza kwa kukula kwa mlingo, makamaka izi ndizowonjezera shuga. masamba azomwe zimachitika, wodwalayo amaperekedwa tsiku lililonse pa 0,5-1 IU pa kilogalamu ya thupi. Mlingo umadaliranso pazinthu zambiri, choncho musayesere kuzisankha nokha.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito rinsulin NPH ndi okalamba, izi nthawi zonse zimayendetsedwa ndi chiwopsezo china, chifukwa pali mwayi waukulu wopanga hypoglycemia. Kuti mupewe izi, ndikofunikira kusankha bwino mlingo, kuwusintha kuti ukhale wofunikira.

Odwala omwe akukumana ndi vuto la chiwindi ndi impso ayenera kukonzekera kuti chiwopsezo cha hypoglycemia pankhaniyi chidzakhalanso chofunikira. Kuti mupewe zovuta, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa shuga wamagazi anu pafupipafupi, komanso kusintha mankhwalawo molingana ndi zomwe dokotala wakupatsani.

Chonde dziwani kuti:

1. Kutentha kwa rinsulin NPH nthawi zonse kumafanane ndi chizindikiro cha chipinda;
2. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amalowetsedwa mu ntchafu, pokhapokha atalangizidwa ndi dokotala (njira zina ndizomwe zimayambitsa kubetcha, khoma lam'mimba, komanso mapewa);
3. Ndikofunika kusamala kwambiri, chifukwa ngati mutalowa mumtsempha wamagazi ambiri, zotsatira zosayembekezereka zimatha;
4. Jekeseni litatha, musamayike malo omwe munalowe;
5. Muyenera kuphunzitsidwa malamulo a momwe ma rinsulin NPH amayenera kuperekedwera.

Akatswiri amati makatiriji omwe amakhala ndi rinsulin NPH ayenera kulilambika pakati pama manja musanagwiritse ntchito mpaka chitasintha mtundu (chinthucho chimayenera kukhala chamtambo komanso chofanana, koma osati kufowoka).

Onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana ma cartridge musanagwiritse ntchito! Chizindikiro choyamba cha chovunda ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimatuluka mutasakanikirana, kupezeka kwa tinthu tating'ono ndi kolimba mu rinsulin NPH kumatanthauzanso kusagwiritsa ntchito.

Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti ma cartridge ali ndi chida chapadera chomwe sichimalola mwayi wosakanikirana ndi zomwe zili ndi insulin ina, ndipo chidebe chokha chimatha kudzazidwa kamodzi.

Ngati mungaganize zogwiritsa ntchito makatoni omwe ali ndi cholembera ndipo mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito, muyenera kuwerengera mosamala malangizo omwe alembedwa ndi wopanga chipangizocho, komanso osapatuka nacho.

Mukamaliza kuyambitsa koyenera, ndikofunikira kuti mutulutse singano ndi kapu yakunja, kotero muyiwononga ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ikhale yotsika kwambiri (zoona zake ndi zakuti mutha kupewa kutayikira, kubanika kapena kuwononga mpweya). Tsopano zonse zomwe zatsala ndikuyika chipewa pachokha pamafunso.

Palibe vuto kuti musagwiritse ntchito insulini mu cholembera, ngati kale idayesedwa, simungathe kuyisunga mkati mwa firiji. Zokhudza mankhwalawa, zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito, zitha kusungidwa milungu 4 yokha komanso kutentha kwa firiji.

Zotsatira zoyipa

Nazi zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri:

• Zotsatira zomwe zimakhudzana ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi carbohydrate metabolism (tikulankhula za zochitika za hypoglycemic, zomwe, ngati sizipatsidwa chidwi ndi chithandizo choyenera, zitha kutha ngakhale ndi vuto la hypoglycemic):
  thukuta kwambiri;
• Chofunika kwambiri pakhungu;
• Tachycardia;
• Kutentha;
• Njala yowonjezereka;
• Zing'onozing'ono kapena zoopsa kwambiri;
• Chidwi chachikulu;
• Paresthesia okhudzana ndi pakamwa;
• Mutu;
• Zofooka
• Chizungulire cholimba;
• Kutsika kwakukulu kwamawonedwe owoneka.

Ziwengo:

1. Edema ya Quincke;
2. Wotupa pakhungu;
3. Kugwedezeka kwa anaphylactic.

Zosiyanasiyana zakumudzi:

• Kuyabwa m'malo omwe mumabaya;
• Hyperemia;
• Kutupa m'malo omwe mumabaya;
• Lipodystrophy (mukanyalanyaza malangizo omwe akuphatikizidwa ndi kusintha kwina mu malo a jekeseni).

Zotsatira zina zoyipa:

• Edema ya chikhalidwe chosiyana;
• Kutsika kwamaso owonekera kwa mankhwala;
• Hypoglycemia chifukwa cha bongo.

Tcherani khutu! Pazifukwa zoyipa, ndikofunikira kufunsa katswiri posachedwa, chifukwa kuchepetsedwa pang'ono kungakulitse mwayi kuti simungathe kuthetsa vutoli!

Mayendedwe

Nazi malangizo oyambira omwe muyenera kutsatira:

1. Osamapereka mankhwalawa ngati, pamapeto pa kusokonezeka, kuyimitsidwa sikungokhala mitambo komanso yoyera, zomwe zikuwonetsa kukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito.
2. Mankhwala amodzi pa Mlingo wokhazikitsidwa ndi katswiri sikokwanira, chifukwa amayenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi malinga ndi kuwerenga kwa ndende ya glucose, ndipo chifukwa cha ichi ndikofunikira kuyendetsa mosalekeza.
3. Pali zifukwa zambiri zoyambitsa hypoglycemia, zitha kupewedwa ngati mutsatira malingaliro onse a akatswiri, popanda kudzipatula ngakhale pang'ono.
4. Ngati mungasankhe mlingo wolakwika kapena ngati pakusokonezeka pakukhazikitsa mankhwalawa (izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1), chiopsezo chokhala ndi hyperglycemia chimakulanso. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa zimatha kuwonekera m'maola ochepa, koma nthawi zina nthawi imeneyi imachulukanso mpaka masiku angapo. Nthawi zambiri, hyperglycemia imadziwika ndi ludzu lalikulu, komanso kukodzanso kukoka, mseru komanso kusanza, chizungulire, komanso mawonetsedwe akumudzi pakhungu, makamaka redness ndi kuyanika. Akatswiri amaonanso kuti chidwi cha wodwalayo chatayika ndipo kununkhira kwa acetone kumawonekera, komwe kumatha kumveka m'mlengalenga. Chilichonse chitha kumapeto kwa matenda ashuga a ketoacidosis ngati njira zoyenera sizitengedwa.
5. Ngati mukukumana ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, komanso impso ndi chiwindi, ndiye kuti mlingo wa insulin uyenera kusinthidwa kwambiri.
6. Pali magulu a anthu omwe amayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mosamala, funsani dokotala kuti mumve zambiri.
7. Matenda ena ophatikizika amatha kukulitsa kufunika kwa insulini, makamaka omwe angatenge ndi kutentha.
8. Ngati mukufuna kusintha mtundu wina wa insulini kapena mankhwala okhala nawo, ndiye kuti muyenera kuchita izi molangizidwa ndi katswiri mosamalitsa! Zabwino ngati mupita kuchipatala kwakanthawi kochepa.